CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Phenolic extract from passion fruit seeds (passiflora edulis) promotes gut microbiota modulation in mice fed a high-fat diet","authors":"Danúbia Joanes Rosa Guerra Cabral, Pietra Vidal Cardoso do Prado, Andressa de Assis Lima, Renata Celi Lopes Toledo, Anna Clapp Organski, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Thaisa Moro Cantu-Jungles, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the effects of a phenolic extract from passion fruit seeds on gut microbiota modulation in mice fed a high-fat diet.</div></div><div>This study evaluated the effects of a phenolic extract from passion fruit seeds on gut microbiota modulation in mice fed a high-fat diet.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three experimental groups (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->10): HF (high-fat diet), HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->passion fruit seed phenolic extract (PEPFS), and HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->purified piceatannol (PC). Fecal genomic DNA was extracted using QIAamp PowerFecal Pro DNA kit according to manufacturer's instructions. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region was performed via Element AVITI Sequencer and sequences generated were analyzed using Qiime2 pipeline. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee under protocol number 02/2025.</div></div><div>Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three experimental groups (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->10): HF (high-fat diet), HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->passion fruit seed phenolic extract (PEPFS), and HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->purified piceatannol (PC). Fecal genomic DNA was extracted using QIAamp PowerFecal Pro DNA kit according to manufacturer's instructions. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region was performed via Element AVITI Sequencer and sequences generated were analyzed using Qiime2 pipeline. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee under protocol number 02/2025.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both PEPFS and PC significantly modulated the gut microbiota composition in mice fed a high-fat diet. Alpha diversity analyses showed that PEPFS increased microbial evenness (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) and Shannon diversity (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), while reducing Observed Features (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) and Faith's phylogenetic diversity (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) compared with the HF group. The PC group also exhibited higher Shannon diversity and evenness, although these changes were less pronounced. Beta diversity analyses using Unweighted and Weighted UniFrac metrics revealed a clear separation among the experimental groups, indicating that both PEPFS and PC promoted significant alterations in gut microbiota composition. PERMANOVA analysis confirmed significant differences among all groups evaluated (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Compared with the HF group, PEPFS promoted more pronounced changes in the gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of UBA1819, Blautia, and Parabacteroides, while reducing Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 and Faecalibaculum.</div></div><div>Both PEPFS and PC significantly modulated the gut microbiota composition in mice fed a high-fat diet. Alpha diversity analyses showed that PEPFS increased microbial evenness (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) and Shannon diversity (<em>P</em> <!-->","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between hematological, iron metabolism, and inflammatory biomarkers in children with anemia aged 6–59 months: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)","authors":"Lucas Goldenberg Vicente, Paula Normando, Nathalia Cristina Freitas-Costa, Driele Rodrigues de Oliveira, Karine de Souza Peixoto, Samary da Silva Rosa Freire, Raquel Machado Schincaglia, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro, Gilberto Kac","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the association of hematological, iron metabolism, and inflammatory biomarkers with anemia in Brazilian children aged 6–59 months.</div></div><div>To assess the association of hematological, iron metabolism, and inflammatory biomarkers with anemia in Brazilian children aged 6–59 months.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Serum samples from 7472 children aged 6–59 months, participating in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), were analyzed. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and non-iron deficiency anemia (NIDA) were defined according to World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) criteria. The biomarkers evaluated were hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and additionally hepcidin was evaluated in a sample (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->977). Differences in biomarkers concentrations among IDA, NIDA, and non-anemic group (NAG) were assessed using the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test. In the subsample, differences were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's test. <em>P</em>-values<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05, after Bonferroni adjustments, were considered statistically significant. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (UFRJ; protocol number 39972920.5.0000.5257).</div></div><div>Serum samples from 7472 children aged 6–59 months, participating in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), were analyzed. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and non-iron deficiency anemia (NIDA) were defined according to World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) criteria. The biomarkers evaluated were hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and additionally hepcidin was evaluated in a sample (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->977). Differences in biomarkers concentrations among IDA, NIDA, and non-anemic group (NAG) were assessed using the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test. In the subsample, differences were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's test. <em>P</em>-values<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05, after Bonferroni adjustments, were considered statistically significant. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (UFRJ; protocol number 39972920.5.0000.5257).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of IDA and NIDA was 2.7% (95% CI: 2.1–3.4) and 4.9% (95% CI: 2.8–7.0), respectively. MCV was lower in the IDA group compared to the NIDA group, and higher in NAG (66.3, 74.8 and 78.4<!--> <!-->μm<sup>3</sup>, respectively; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), as well as MCH (21.2, 25.0 and 26.5<!--> <!-->pg, respectively; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). Ferritin and CRP were higher in the NIDA group compared with the other groups (Ferritin: 30.60, 23.40, and 5.40<!--> <!-->ng/mL; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e31-e32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kefir reduces colorectal tumorigenesis and modulates the endocannabinoid system in neonatally overfed rats","authors":"Gabriela de Cássia Ávila Alpino, Juliana Woyames, Ana Clara Fernandes Peixoto, Thiago Alves da Silva, Ana Carolina Oliveira Simões, Eduardo Nascimento Barreto, Érika de Fátima dos Santos Castro, Isis Hara Trevenzoli, Poliana Guiomar de Almeida Brasiel, Mariana Macedo de Almeida, Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra Luquetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Neonatal overfeeding promotes adiposity and is associated with gut microbiota alterations and colorectal cancer (CRC). As the endocannabinoid system (ECS) interacts with the gut microbiome and contributes to intestinal homeostasis, we investigated the effects of kefir on adiposity, tumorigenesis, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, and colonic expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLα), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) in a neonatal overfeedinginduced model of CRC.</div></div><div>Neonatal overfeeding promotes adiposity and is associated with gut microbiota alterations and colorectal cancer (CRC). As the endocannabinoid system (ECS) interacts with the gut microbiome and contributes to intestinal homeostasis, we investigated the effects of kefir on adiposity, tumorigenesis, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, and colonic expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLα), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) in a neonatal overfeedinginduced model of CRC.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rats were allocated into four groups: control (C), control kefir (CK), overfed (O), and overfed kefir (OK). Neonatal overfeeding was induced by litter size reduction to 3 pups per dam. During lactation, dams received daily gavage of water (O) or kefir (OK), and offspring continued the same treatment until 60 days of age. CRC was induced at postnatal day 67 using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. At 240 days of age, visceral adiposity, colon tumor number, cecal SCFA concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography, and colonic CB1, CB2, DAGLα and MAGL protein levels were evaluated by western blotting. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post hoc test. All procedures were approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (protocol No. 21/2016).</div></div><div>Rats were allocated into four groups: control (C), control kefir (CK), overfed (O), and overfed kefir (OK). Neonatal overfeeding was induced by litter size reduction to 3 pups per dam. During lactation, dams received daily gavage of water (O) or kefir (OK), and offspring continued the same treatment until 60 days of age. CRC was induced at postnatal day 67 using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. At 240 days of age, visceral adiposity, colon tumor number, cecal SCFA concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography, and colonic CB1, CB2, DAGLα and MAGL protein levels were evaluated by western blotting. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post hoc test. All procedures were approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (protocol No. 21/2016).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The O group showed increased colon tumor number (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), butyric acid levels (+43%, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0028), prop","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From gut microbiota to systemic health: Impact of diet in the bacterial ecosystem","authors":"Fermin I. Milagro, Mariana de Moura e Dias, Paula Aranaz","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota plays a central role in maintaining host homeostasis through its involvement in nutrient metabolism, immune regulation, intestinal barrier integrity, and inter-organ communication. Alterations in microbial composition and function (dysbiosis) have been associated with a wide range of chronic conditions. Among dietary strategies targeting the gut ecosystem, probiotics (i.e., novel lactic acid bacteria, <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em>, <em>Akkermansia muciniphila</em>, <em>Christensenella minuta</em>, <em>Hafnia alvei</em>), prebiotics (i.e., inulin, β-glucans, resistant starch, fructo, galacto and xylo-oligosaccharides), postbiotics (i.e., extracellular vesicles, exopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic acids), and synbiotics have gained increasing attention due to their potential to restore microbial balance and promote systemic health. On the other hand, dietary habits are among the most important environmental factors shaping microbiota composition and functionality throughout life. This presentation reviews current evidence from observational studies, clinical trials, and mechanistic investigations addressing the relationship between diet, microbiota composition, microbial metabolism, and health outcomes. Additionally, it examines the effects of microbiota-directed nutritional strategies on microbial diversity, metabolite production, immune function, and disease-related biomarkers. Diets rich in fermented foods (i.e., kombucha, kefir, yogurt) and plant-based foods, dietary fiber, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are consistently associated with greater microbial diversity and increased production of beneficial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Of special interest, polyphenols contribute to reshape the microbial ecosystem and help reverse dysbiosis, while the microbiota transforms many polyphenols into bioactive metabolites that exert systemic effects. There are examples of pomegranate ellagitannins, green tea catechins, cocoa flavanols, and berry anthocyanins. On the other hand, dietary patterns characterized by high intakes of ultra-processed foods, refined sugars, saturated fats, and low fiber content are linked to reduced microbial diversity, impaired gut barrier function, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Summing up, these are the three dietary pillars contributing to the restoration of eubiosis and amelioration of systemic health: fibers, fermented foods, and polyphenols.</div></div><div>The gut microbiota plays a central role in maintaining host homeostasis through its involvement in nutrient metabolism, immune regulation, intestinal barrier integrity, and inter-organ communication. Alterations in microbial composition and function (dysbiosis) have been associated with a wide range of chronic conditions. Among dietary strategies targeting the gut ecosystem, probiotics (i.e., novel lactic acid bacteria, <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em>, <em>Akkermansia muciniphila</em>, <em>Christ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle factors associated with substantial postpartum weight retention: Sleep patterns and ultra-processed food consumption","authors":"Maria Luiza Azeredo Britto, Ana Sophia Lacerda, Ana Clara Fonseca, Manuela Barreto, Luiza Barreto Fonseca, Giovanna Andriole, Maira Coppola Auler, José Guilherme de Santana Santos, Felipe Rabelo Costa, Katherine Bittencourt, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Substantial postpartum weight retention (SPPWR) is a risk factor for obesity among women of reproductive age and may be influenced by multiple lifestyle factors. This study investigated the association of sleep patterns and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with SPPWR.</div></div><div>Substantial postpartum weight retention (SPPWR) is a risk factor for obesity among women of reproductive age and may be influenced by multiple lifestyle factors. This study investigated the association of sleep patterns and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with SPPWR.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, adult women (=20 years old) who were between 6 weeks and 1 year postpartum after a singleton live birth were recruited at a public university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and May 2025. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645). Changes in sleep patterns were investigated through a standardized interview. UPF consumption was assessed using the official protocol of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the UPF score was calculated (0 - lower to 4 - higher consumption). SPPWR was defined as a difference of =5<!--> <!-->kg between current body weight and pre-pregnancy weight. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0, adopting a significance level of 5% Categorical variables were compared using Pearson's chi-square test. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.</div></div><div>In this cross-sectional study, adult women (=20 years old) who were between 6 weeks and 1 year postpartum after a singleton live birth were recruited at a public university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and May 2025. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645). Changes in sleep patterns were investigated through a standardized interview. UPF consumption was assessed using the official protocol of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the UPF score was calculated (0 - lower to 4 - higher consumption). SPPWR was defined as a difference of =5<!--> <!-->kg between current body weight and pre-pregnancy weight. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0, adopting a significance level of 5% Categorical variables were compared using Pearson's chi-square test. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 230 women were evaluated, with a median age of 29 years (IQR: 25–34). The prevalence of SPPWR was 55.8%. Women with SPPWR showed a higher frequency of changes in sleep patterns during pregnancy (87.0% vs. 69.4%; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.011), a higher UPF consumption score [2.0 (IQR: 1.0–3.0) vs. 2.0 (IQR: 1.0–2.0); <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033], and a higher frequency of consumption of hamburgers and processed meats (48.","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the LEP rs7799039 polymorphism and plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids with lipid profile in women with severe obesity","authors":"Alaine Victorino Gonçalves Valentim, Alessandra da Silva, Maria Beatriz Carvalho Fonseca Santos Salles, Julia Moreira Oliveira, Ellen Karine Lima de Matos, Natália dos Santos Souza, Larissa de Brito Fassarella, Letícia Alaburda de Araujo, Ísis Hara Trevenzoli, Eliane Lopes Rosado","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and the rs7799039 polymorphism of the <em>leptin</em> (<em>LEP</em>) gene with the lipid profile.</div></div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and the rs7799039 polymorphism of the <em>leptin</em> (<em>LEP</em>) gene with the lipid profile.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the research ethics committee under number 5.621.915. Sixty-eight women with severe obesity were evaluated during the preoperative period for bariatric and metabolic surgery from the Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Program (PROCIBA) at the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Brazil. Lipid profiles were assessed using blood samples collected after a 12-hour fast. Analysis of the rs7799039 polymorphism in the <em>leptin</em> gene was performed on blood samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Plasma concentrations of anandamide (AEA), 2- arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Spearman's correlation tests and quantile linear regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.5.2, with a significance level of 5%. The multiplicative interaction between the LEP polymorphism and eCB 2-AG on triglyceride levels was also evaluated.</div></div><div>This was a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the research ethics committee under number 5.621.915. Sixty-eight women with severe obesity were evaluated during the preoperative period for bariatric and metabolic surgery from the Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Program (PROCIBA) at the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Brazil. Lipid profiles were assessed using blood samples collected after a 12-hour fast. Analysis of the rs7799039 polymorphism in the <em>leptin</em> gene was performed on blood samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Plasma concentrations of anandamide (AEA), 2- arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Spearman's correlation tests and quantile linear regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.5.2, with a significance level of 5%. The multiplicative interaction between the LEP polymorphism and eCB 2-AG on triglyceride levels was also evaluated.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The participants had a median age of 50.5 years (IQR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->18), with 60% carrying the LEP gene polymorphism. A positive and significant correlation was observed between LDL-c an","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e38-e39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of dietary oils and fats on FADS1/FADS2 expression and Δ5- and Δ6- desaturase activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Thaiane da Silva Rios, Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of different dietary oils/fats on delta-5 (Δ5) and delta6 (Δ6) desaturases and their corresponding genes (Fads1 and Fads2) in animal models.</div></div><div>To evaluate the effects of different dietary oils/fats on delta-5 (Δ5) and delta6 (Δ6) desaturases and their corresponding genes (Fads1 and Fads2) in animal models.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The following databases were used: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and BVS. The results were imported into the Rayyan Software®. The methodological quality and potential sources of bias were examined using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42024606224).</div></div><div>This systematic review was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The following databases were used: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and BVS. The results were imported into the Rayyan Software®. The methodological quality and potential sources of bias were examined using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42024606224).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4874 records were identified, of which 1344 were removed as duplicates. After title and abstract screening and full-text eligibility assessment, 35 studies were included in the review. Of the 35 studies included in the systematic review, 29% were incorporated into the meta-analyses. The fish oil did not show a statistically significant difference in Δ5-desaturase levels compared with the control group (MD: −24.89; CI: −132.99 to 83.22). One study showed that sunflower oil led to a slight reduction in Δ5-desaturase activity (MD: −0.07; 95% CI: −0.12 to −0.02), while the other study did not observe any significant change (MD: 0.61; 95% CI: −2.55 to 3.77). Although these studies presented low heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0%, τ<sup>2</sup> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.6735), it was not possible to identify a statistically significant. Regarding Δ6- desaturase, subgroup analyses could not be performed. For the Fads1, when fish oil was administered, no significant effect was observed (MD: −0.19; 95% CI: −4.25 to 3.86), also when evaluating diets high in saturated fat either (MD: 0.28; 95% CI: −1.66 to 2.22). For Fads2, the results indicated that consumption of fish oil (MD: −0.70; 95% CI: −2.56 to 1.15) or a diet high in saturated fat (MD: 0.35; 95% CI: −0.41 to 1.11) does not produce a consistent effect. The subgroup analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the types of oils or fats used (test for subgroup differences).</div></div><div>A total of 4874 records were identified, of which 1344 were removed as duplicates. After title and abstract screening and full-text eligi","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e23-e24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of aerobic exercise in the content of the MFSD2A transporter in brain areas","authors":"Danillo Henrique Travensolo Buoro, Maria Luiza Salmazo Gatz, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, Letícia Maria Paula da Silva, José Rodrigo Pauli, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and impairment of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), contributing to neural dysfunctions and metabolic dysregulation in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. MFSD2A is a lipid transporter expressed in the cerebral endothelium, essential in BBB integrity and in the transport of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA, into the central nervous system. Since exercise exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, this study evaluates the ability of chronic aerobic exercise to modulate MFSD2A protein content in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of obese mice.</div></div><div>Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and impairment of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), contributing to neural dysfunctions and metabolic dysregulation in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. MFSD2A is a lipid transporter expressed in the cerebral endothelium, essential in BBB integrity and in the transport of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA, into the central nervous system. Since exercise exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, this study evaluates the ability of chronic aerobic exercise to modulate MFSD2A protein content in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of obese mice.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Measure the impact of exercise in the MFSD2a content in the hypothalamus and hippocampus areas.</div></div><div>Measure the impact of exercise in the MFSD2a content in the hypothalamus and hippocampus areas.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Swiss mice (ethical acceptance: CEUA 6230-1/2023) were randomly allocated into the experimental groups (high fat [HF] and high fat<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->exercise [HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->EXE]). Obesity was induced by a high-fat diet consumed for eight weeks, while the control group (CT) animals received a standard diet. After obesity establishment, mice remained sedentary or went through a chronic aerobic exercise protocol on a treadmill for four weeks. Body weight, food intake, glycemia, insulin and glucose sensitivity were monitored throughout the experimental period. After 24<!--> <!-->h of the last exercise session, hypothalamic and hippocampal samples were collected for molecular analyses. MFSD2A protein content was quantified by Western blotting, and its distribution through hypothalamic regions associated with the BBB was evaluated through immunofluorescence. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div>Male Swiss mice (ethical acceptance: CEUA 6230-1/2023) were randomly allocated into the experimental groups (high fat [HF] and high fat<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->exercise [HF<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->EXE]). Obesity was induced by a high-fat diet consumed for eight weeks, while the control group (CT) animals received a standard diet. After obesity establishment, mice remained sedentary or went through a chroni","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e37-e38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between ADIPOQ rs182052 polymorphism and anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary factors in Brazilian postpartum women: Preliminary results","authors":"Manuela Paz Barreto, Ana Sophia Lacerda, Ana Clara Fonseca, Maria Luiza Azeredo Britto, Luiza Barreto Fonseca, Giovana Andriole, Maira Coppola Auler, José Guilherme de Santana Santos, Felipe Rabelo Costa, Katherine Bittencourt, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between the ADIPOQ rs182052 polymorphism and anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary indicators in Brazilian postpartum women.</div></div><div>To investigate the association between the ADIPOQ rs182052 polymorphism and anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary indicators in Brazilian postpartum women.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included adult postpartum women (=20 years old) between 6 weeks and 12 months after delivery attending a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected from March 2024 to May 2025. Current body mass index was obtained from anthropometric assessment and classified as normal weight (<<!--> <!-->25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>) or overweight/obesity (=25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>). History of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was obtained from the maternal pregnancy booklet or self-reported during a structured interview. Vegetable consumption was assessed using a dietary marker referring to the previous day's intake. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and the ADIPOQ rs182052 (G<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->A) polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Associations were tested under codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant genetic models using Pearson's chi-square test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; number 6.273.645).</div></div><div>This cross-sectional study included adult postpartum women (=20 years old) between 6 weeks and 12 months after delivery attending a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected from March 2024 to May 2025. Current body mass index was obtained from anthropometric assessment and classified as normal weight (<<!--> <!-->25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>) or overweight/obesity (=25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>). History of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was obtained from the maternal pregnancy booklet or self-reported during a structured interview. Vegetable consumption was assessed using a dietary marker referring to the previous day's intake. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and the ADIPOQ rs182052 (G<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->A) polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Associations were tested under codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant genetic models using Pearson's chi-square test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; number 6.273.645).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 191 postpartum women were evaluated. Genotype frequencies were GG<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->40.3%, AG<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->47.1%, and AA<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->12.6%, consistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Significant associations were identified only under the recessive model. Women","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e28-e29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrigenomics and nutritional approach in trauma neurobiology: Epigenetic mechanisms, accessible biomarkers and precision nutrition – A systematic review","authors":"Maria Luiza Tavares de Almeida (Undergraduate student), Letícia Maria Fonseca Morais (Undergraduate student), Luísa de Morais Vieira Cavalcanti (Undergraduate student), Marina Albuquerque Leça (Undergraduate student), PhD in Nutrition Nathalia Caroline de Oliveira Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to verify the applicability of nutrigenomics in the study of trauma neurobiology and to characterize potential mechanisms and biomarkers for clinical practice.</div></div><div>This study aims to verify the applicability of nutrigenomics in the study of trauma neurobiology and to characterize potential mechanisms and biomarkers for clinical practice.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review was registered in OSF (osf.io/r7egx) and conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were selected from January to May 2026 in the PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect databases, using the descriptors “nutrigenomics”, “nutrigenetics”, “trauma”, “neurobiology”, “trauma response”, “epigenetics” and “mental health”. Original articles published between 2010 and 2026, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, involving human subjects, were included.</div></div><div>This systematic review was registered in OSF (osf.io/r7egx) and conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were selected from January to May 2026 in the PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect databases, using the descriptors “nutrigenomics”, “nutrigenetics”, “trauma”, “neurobiology”, “trauma response”, “epigenetics” and “mental health”. Original articles published between 2010 and 2026, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, involving human subjects, were included.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Trauma induces a complex interaction between genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic modifications. Evidence suggests that NR3C1 methylation, often potentiated by FKBP5 variants, may impair glucocorticoid receptor function, whereas MTHFR C677T polymorphisms affect folate metabolism and DNA methylation. Additionally, SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR variants have been associated with altered serotonergic neurotransmission. These pathways may be influenced by nutritional factors, including folate, vitamin B12, omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA and EPA, tryptophan, zinc and magnesium. In clinical practice, biomarkers such as serum homocysteine, salivary cortisol, serum zinc and erythrocyte magnesium may support individualized nutritional strategies.</div></div><div>Trauma induces a complex interaction between genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic modifications. Evidence suggests that NR3C1 methylation, often potentiated by FKBP5 variants, may impair glucocorticoid receptor function, whereas MTHFR C677T polymorphisms affect folate metabolism and DNA methylation. Additionally, SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR variants have been associated with altered serotonergic neurotransmission. These pathways may be influenced by nutritional factors, including folate, vitamin B12, omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA and EPA, tryptophan, zinc and magnesium. In clinical practice, biomarkers such as serum homocysteine, salivary cortisol, serum zinc and erythrocyte magnesium may support individualized nutritional strategies.</div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nutrigenomics offers a promising framework f","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}