{"title":"Influence of Two-dimensional Bending on Flexible Electronic Sensors for Bendable and Wearable Applications","authors":"Kamalesh Tripathy, M. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776975","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of bending is one of the most important parameters to look up to, for any flexible and wearable device design. Often the performance of any flexible sensor depends on the extent and type of bending. In this direction, herein, we discuss a computational study based on a finite element method of two-dimensional bending of a flexible substrate to understand the stress development on the substrate. In this study, we have considered a 2mm thick sheet of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymer having a dimension of ($100times 75times 2$) mm as substrate material. Due to the outstanding mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of PEEK polymer, it is a very good candidate for the flexible electronic substrate. The mentioned substrate has been subjected to a tensile-compressive cyclic deformation of 20 mm from its axis. It was observed that the maximum surface stress of magnitude $9.07times 10^{7} mathrm{N}/mathrm{m}^{2}$ is developed at the center of the substrate. However, the maximum stress developed at the edge is higher than that of the surface. Further, the fatigue analysis of the substrate shows that the substrate is stable for 9000 cycles of dynamic tensile or compressive bending. The computational analysis of bending in this case will be extremely helpful for the design and fabrication of flexible electronic sensors for various wearable applications.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128725465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
VS Aadhitiya, Jani Babu Shaik, S. Singhal, Siona Menezes Picardo, Nilesh Goel
{"title":"Design and Mathematical Modelling of Inter Spike Interval of Temporal Neuromorphic Encoder for Image Recognition","authors":"VS Aadhitiya, Jani Babu Shaik, S. Singhal, Siona Menezes Picardo, Nilesh Goel","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2205.09519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2205.09519","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromorphic computing systems emulate the electrophysiological behavior of the biological nervous system using mixed-mode analog or digital VLSI circuits. These systems show superior accuracy and power efficiency in carrying out cognitive tasks. The neural network architecture used in neuromorphic computing systems is spiking neural networks (SNNs) analogous to the biological nervous system. SNN operates on spike trains as a function of time. A neuromorphic encoder converts sensory data into spike trains. In this paper, a low-power neuromorphic encoder for image processing is implemented. A mathematical model between pixels of an image and the inter-spike intervals is also formulated. Wherein an exponential relationship between pixels and inter-spike intervals is obtained. Finally, the mathematical equation is validated with circuit simulation. The circuits in our work, are implemented on industry-standard HKMG based 45nm technology.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129928125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mansi Agrawal, Anubha Jain, B. Mehta, R. Muralidharan
{"title":"Plasma Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Grown GaN Nanowires On Si (211) Substrates for UV Sensing Applications","authors":"Mansi Agrawal, Anubha Jain, B. Mehta, R. Muralidharan","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776961","url":null,"abstract":"III-Nitrides have attracted significant research interest in the recent years owing to their wide range of applications. In this study catalyst free plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy growth of GaN nanowires on Si (211) substrates for UV sensing applications is reported. The GaN nanowires were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The field emission scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the nanowires are dense and preferentially oriented. The peak observed at around 3.42 eV in the photoluminescence spectra corresponding to GaN band edge emission confirms that the nanowires are of high optical quality. For UV sensor measurements two Indium contacts were soldered on the surface of the nanowires and resistance between the ohmic contacts was measured as a function of time. The sensor response was measured as the ratio of change in resistance upon exposure to UV to the resistance in air. GaN nanowires showed a response of 2.2% upon exposure to UV with a fast response time. Through this work we show that GaN nanowires on Si (211) substrates are suitable candidates for UV sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123731292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanoantenna as low-cost optical polarization sensor for remote sensing","authors":"Kritika Bhattacharya, Madhusudan Singh","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776696","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing for object identification depends on the intensity of infrared light, ranging from near-infrared ($0.8mu mathrm{m}$) to mid-wave infrared ($3mu mathrm{m}$), reflected or emitted by the object, providing information on one parameter. However, the surface orientation of any object has two degrees of freedom, which can be found by using polarized light. Hybrid sensors, consisting of external polarizers, have expensive manufacturing process. In this work, a bowtie nanoantenna with a gap size of 50nm, designed using an FDTD solver is illuminated with a light source of amplitude 1V/m and varying polarization to the nanoantenna axis. The electric field (EF) enhancement in the gap is 100 times larger in parallel polarization as compared to perpendicular polarization of incident light. The calculated absorption efficiency and polarization extinction ratio (PER) is found to be 80% and 21, respectively, in parallel polarization. This dependence paves the way for the application of nanoantenna as a polarization sensor. The array of the nanoantenna can be fabricated using low-cost printing techniques, thus providing inexpensive detection as compared to hybrid sensors.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130378273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of the polarization state on the performance of PVDF-ZnO based triboelectric nanogenerator","authors":"Huidrom Hemojit Singh, N. Khare","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776650","url":null,"abstract":"We have prepared PVDF-ZnO film and developed a triboelectric nanogenerator using PVDF-ZnO coupled with PTFE film. It is found that the polarization state of the PVDF-ZnO film plays an important role in the performance of the TENG. When the positively poled PVDF-ZnO film is used for the TENG, it gives more output voltage as compared to the unpoled film whereas when the film is negatively poled, it gives the least output voltage. The reason for getting different output voltage when the polarization state of the PVDF-ZnO film has been attributed to the change in the workfunction of PVDF with respect to PTFE. The present work clearly demonstrates the role of the polarization state of the contacting triboelectric material, which will be useful not only for the energy harvesting application but also in the field in which the triboelectric effect is used to control or power semiconducting devices.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126815257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjay Kumar, Mangal Das, K. Jyoti, Amit Shukla, Abhishek Kataria, S. Mukherjee
{"title":"Analytical Modelling of Y2O3-based Memristive System for Artificial Synapses","authors":"Sanjay Kumar, Mangal Das, K. Jyoti, Amit Shukla, Abhishek Kataria, S. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9777072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9777072","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial synapses are the key units for information processing in neuromorphic systems. Memristive systems are frequently used as an artificial synapse because of their simple structures, gradually changing conductance and high-density integration. In this work, a non-linear analytical model for Y2O3-based memristive system with new parabolic window function has been discussed for artificial synapses applications. Moreover, resistive switching characteristic and synaptic plasticity properties of the memristive systems are modelled by utilizing non-linear analytical model to investigate the performance of artificial synapse. Further, the modelled data is verified by the experimental results of fabricated devices which confirmed that the developed model can be realized the basic functions of spiking neurons and has great potential for neuromorphic computing.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115260780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jayjit Mukherjee, Jagori Raychaudhuri, Sudhir Kumar, A. Malik, Sunil Sharma, D. S. Rawal, R. Dhaka
{"title":"Pulsed-IV and drain current transient study of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs","authors":"Jayjit Mukherjee, Jagori Raychaudhuri, Sudhir Kumar, A. Malik, Sunil Sharma, D. S. Rawal, R. Dhaka","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776897","url":null,"abstract":"A study of pulsed-IV and drain current transients for unpassivated and SiN passivated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have been carried out in this report to observe the impact of traps in these devices. Pulsed-IV (PIV) characteristics for gate turn-on and gate turn-off to semi-on state for different pulsewidths (PW) reveal the effect of passivation. The unpassivated HEMT shows degraded characteristics suffering from significant current collapse due to surface states in the gate-drain access regions. Both devices observe kink in the drain current with passivated HEMT exhibiting kink for $text{PW} > 30 mu s$. Drain current transient study from emission characteristics reveal traps with activation energies from 0.43-0.68 eV in the devices. The trapping phenomenon in unpassivated HEMT is governed by surface traps through virtual gate formation. The passivated HEMT checks the surface trapping but is vulnerable due to energetically deep bulk traps.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121190373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling of Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: A TCAD-based Approach","authors":"Kumudini Ganesh, R. Padmanabhan","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9777015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9777015","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, there has been extensive research in the design and fabrication of tandem solar cells. To analyse the transport in these devices and to optimize the device structure for enhanced response, simulation of these device configurations are crucial. In our work, we simulate the optoelectronic behaviour of a perovskite-silicon multi-junction tandem solar cell with a silicon tunnel junction, by accounting for different optical losses at the interface of each layer, and by taking into account the limits of different recombination mechanisms (radiative and non-radiative). We have used a simple TCAD-based approach to understand and model the different transport mechanisms and losses in a perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell. We have compared simulated characteristics with corresponding measured characteristics from an experimental device.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121359713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photocurrent Loss Analysis of Series Connected Tandem Solar Cells Based on Hybrid Tin Perovskites, Kesterites, and Semiconducting Polymers","authors":"Atanu Purkayastha, A. T. Mallajosyula","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776944","url":null,"abstract":"Series connected tandem solar cells (TSCs) based on low-temperature solution-processable semiconductors such as organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), kesterites, and polymers have been analyzed optically using the transfer matrix method (TMM). Various active-layer combinations for top and bottom sub-cells have been compared with respect to the maximum possible photocurrent density, parasitic absorption loss, reflection loss, and spectral overlap loss. The choice of materials was such that either their band gaps are close to ideal values or highest efficiency devices were reported using them. In the initial step for device optimization, the thickness of nonactive layer has been optimized to maximize the absorption in the low bandgap sub-cell. Subsequently, thicknesses of both the active layers were simultaneously varied to maximize and match the photocurrent densities ($J_{PHvert Max}$) in two sub-cells. Within the several combinations optimized, we found that polymer - tin OIHP and all-polymer TSCs were the most promising ones, with $J_{PHvert Max}$ values of 15.566 and 15.232 mA.cm−2 respectively. While the former had the lowest reflection loss (1.831 mA.cm−2) and spectral overlap loss (1.273 mA.cm−2) respectively, the later had the lowest parasitic absorption loss of 0.487 mA.cm−2. On the other hand, the all-OIHP TSCs analyzed here, were the least promising ones with reflection losses that could be as high as 18.18 mA.cm−2. These results will be useful for the development of efficient and environment friendly tandem solar cells.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131139141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Self-Heating on Linearity of Novel Junctionless Accumulation Mode Negative Capacitance FinFET","authors":"M. Kumar, A. Dixit","doi":"10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icee50728.2020.9776730","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the investigation and comparison of linearity distortion in the novel Junctionless Accumulation Mode (JAM) Negative Capacitance (NC) FinFET, NC-FinFET, and conventional bulk FinFET with and without self-heating (SH). The study of bias point selection is described to ensure better RF performance and linearity. RF figures of merit (FOMs) such as transconductance and its higher-order derivatives gm2, gm3 along with VIP2, VIP3, and IIP3 have been shown to assess the linearity performance for all the three devices. Sentaurus TCAD is used to evaluate these FOMs. The novel JAM-NC-FinFET depicts robustness against linearity distortion due to SH, making it a suitable contender for low power RFIC applications.","PeriodicalId":436884,"journal":{"name":"2020 5th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131268766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}