Surface Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Atomic wires on substrates: Physics between one and two dimensions","authors":"H. Pfnür ,&nbsp;C. Tegenkamp ,&nbsp;S. Sanna ,&nbsp;E. Jeckelmann ,&nbsp;M. Horn-von Hoegen ,&nbsp;U. Bovensiepen ,&nbsp;N. Esser ,&nbsp;W.G. Schmidt ,&nbsp;M. Dähne ,&nbsp;S. Wippermann ,&nbsp;F. Bechstedt ,&nbsp;M. Bode ,&nbsp;R. Claessen ,&nbsp;R. Ernstorfer ,&nbsp;C. Hogan ,&nbsp;M. Ligges ,&nbsp;A. Pucci ,&nbsp;J. Schäfer ,&nbsp;E. Speiser ,&nbsp;M. Wolf ,&nbsp;J. Wollschläger","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2024.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2024.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wires having a width of one or two atoms are the smallest possible physical objects that may exhibit one-dimensional properties. In order to be experimentally accessible at finite temperatures, such wires must stabilized by interactions in two and even three dimensions. These interactions modify and partly destroy their one-dimensional properties, but introduce new phenomena of coupling and correlation that entangle both charge and spin. We explore this fascinating field by first giving an overview of the present status of theoretical knowledge on 1D physics, including coupling between chains and to the substrate, before we set out for experimental results on ordered arrays of atomic wires on both flat and vicinal Si(111) surfaces comprising Si(111)-In, Si(hhk)-Au, Si(557)-Pb, Si(557)-Ag, on Ge(001)-Au and of rare earth silicide wires. While for these systems structural, spectroscopic and (magneto-)conductive properties are in the focus, including temperature- and concentration-induced phase transitions, explicit dynamics on the femto- and picosecond time scales were explored for the modified Peierls transition in indium chains on Si(111). All these systems are characterized by strong correlations, including spin, that are extended over whole terraces and partly beyond, so that small geometric changes lead to large modifications of their electronic properties. Thus this coupling in one (1D), two (2D) (and even three) dimensions results in a wealth of phase transitions and transient quasi-1D conductance. As extremes, modified quasi-1D properties survive, as in the Si(111)-In system, whereas strong Fermi nesting results in entanglement of spin and charge between terraces for Si(557)-Pb, so that spin orbit density waves across the steps are formed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"79 2","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167572924000086/pdfft?md5=3f93565d3c35692737d64c9df36caa55&pid=1-s2.0-S0167572924000086-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141050183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A surface science view onto cuprous oxide: Growth, termination, electronic structure and optical response","authors":"Niklas Nilius ,&nbsp;Jacek Goniakowski ,&nbsp;Claudine Noguera","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2024.100622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2024.100622","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The oxides of copper have attracted the attention of scientists already for more than hundred years. This fascination is fueled by many outstanding properties of the material, for example, a semiconducting behavior that led to the first diode fabricated in electronics, a pronounced excitonic response that stimulated an intense search for Bose-Einstein condensation, and a pivotal role in unconventional superconductivity. Despite this central position in past and present research activities, many aspects of copper oxides are not sufficiently understood to date. This applies in particular to their surface characteristics, where even fundamental questions, such as the energetically favored termination of low-index Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and CuO planes, are still subject of debates. This review aims at addressing these deficiencies by compiling state-of-the-art knowledge of the surface science of copper oxides, and especially of cuprous oxide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A first focus of the article lies in the oxidation characteristic of copper as a means to prepare well-defined oxide surfaces. It demonstrates that low-pressure oxidation only results in the formation of ultrathin precursor oxides, with properties deviating substantially from those of the bulk material. Consequently, reliable pathways to produce high-quality and bulk-compatible surfaces, either of Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O thin films or bulk crystals, are presented. The following chapter provides a comprehensive introduction into the atomic structure of the most relevant Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O surfaces, i.e., the (111), (100) and (110) planes. It gives an overview of important diffraction and microscopy experiments on the most accessible Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O terminations, and complements this with state-of-the-art theoretical studies to develop corresponding atomistic models. The chapter closes by presenting the atomic configurations of the most relevant Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O surfaces at given thermodynamic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chapter four develops a surface-science view onto the unique optical response of cuprous oxide. After introducing the well-known bulk behavior, it highlights how optical properties can be probed on surfaces with high spectral and spatial resolution. The chapter discusses how optical near-field techniques are employed to analyze oxide excitons and their trapping at lattice defects in real-space experiments. The last chapter summarizes efforts to alter intrinsic Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O properties, e.g., the p-type conductivity, the width of the band gap and the exciton trapping and recombination behavior, via doping. It illuminates this topic from an experimental and theoretical viewpoint and highlights several unsolved questions related to the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite considerable efforts, this review can only present the current state of knowledge on Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O surfaces, a subject that continuously advances due to new scientific findings and innovations. We nonetheless hope that it provides a comprehensive and topical ","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"79 1","pages":"Article 100622"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140328497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibrational spectroscopy of geochemical interfaces","authors":"Stefan M. Piontek ,&nbsp;Eric Borguet","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Mineral/aqueous interfaces are ubiquitous in geochemistry and are employed for applications spanning catalysis to CO</span>₂<span> sequestration. Small changes in interface morphology have been shown to induce large changes in ion mobility<span>, surface charge, and solvent orientation, which affect the function of these geochemical interfaces. While our ability to probe buried interfaces has been advanced by surface specific and sensitive vibrational spectroscopies, the overlapping response of surface groups and water has made complete structural interpretations of these systems difficult. We believe that by highlighting recent experimental and computational works further progress can be made.</span></span></div><div>This review follows the evolution and current understanding of solvent and surface structure near SiO₂, Al₂O_3, CaF₂, and TiO₂<span><span>/aqueous interfaces generated by modern spectroscopic and computational techniques. By comparing information gathered from a range of vibrational spectroscopies and simulations progress can be made in the following fields including and not limited to; geochemistry, industrial/petroleum chemistry, </span>interface science<span>, vibrational spectroscopy, computational chemistry, and materials science.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"78 4","pages":"Article 100606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44025777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing complexity in catalyst design: From volcanos and scaling to more sophisticated design strategies","authors":"Sarah M. Stratton,&nbsp;Shengjie Zhang,&nbsp;Matthew M. Montemore","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Volcano plots and scaling relations are commonly used to design catalysts and understand catalytic behavior. These plots are a useful tool due to their robust and simple analysis of catalysis; however, catalysts that follow the volcano plot paradigm have an inherent limit to their performance. Scaling and Brønsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) relations, which are linear correlations in reaction energetics, force tradeoffs when optimizing catalysts, which leads to this limit on performance. Therefore, materials and design strategies that are not limited by volcano plots and scaling relations are of high interest, and this is the focus of this Report. We first give an overview of volcano plots and scaling relations. Deviations from scaling relations and the volcano plot and their causes are discussed in more detail. Finally, design strategies that do not rely on the volcano plot paradigm are reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3403367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consequences of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction","authors":"Robert E. Camley ,&nbsp;Karen L. Livesey","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently there has been an explosion of research related to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in magnetic and multiferroic materials. This article reviews the key themes in this research and provides insight into the consequences of the DMI through simple theoretical models. The topics covered include new magnetic structures such as skyrmions and changes in domain wall structures along with their motion under a variety of driving fields. In addition, the influence of DMI on linear and nonlinear spin wave behavior is discussed. Multiferroic materials and new two-dimensional materials with DMI are briefly discussed. Finally, we also present an overview of different DMI materials and their characteristic parameters and potential applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100605"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2308914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular switching on surfaces","authors":"Jorn D. Steen,&nbsp;Daniël R. Duijnstee,&nbsp;Wesley R. Browne","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular switching has established itself as a key functionality of building blocks developed for addressable materials and surfaces over the last two decades. Many challenges in their use and characterisation have been presented by the wide variation in interfaces studied, these ranging from truly single-molecule devices to two-dimensional self-assembled monolayers and thin films that bridge the gap between surface and macroscopically bulk materials (polymers, MOFs, COFs), and further still to other interfaces (solid–liquid, liquid–air, etc.). The low number density of molecules on monolayer-coated interfaces as well as in thin films, for example, presents substantial challenges in the characterisation of the composition of modified interfaces. The switching of molecular structure with external stimuli such as light and electrode potential adds a further layer of complexity in the characterisation of function. Such characterisation “in action” is necessary to correlate macroscopic phenomena with changes in molecular structure. In this review, key classes of molecular switches that have been applied frequently to interfaces will be discussed in the context of the techniques and approaches used for their <em>operando</em> characterisation. In particular, we will address issues surrounding the non-innocence of otherwise information-rich techniques and show how model – non-switching – compounds are often helpful in confirming and understanding the limitations and quirks of specific techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3398754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring 2D materials at surfaces through synchrotron-based core-level photoelectron spectroscopy","authors":"Luca Bignardi ,&nbsp;Paolo Lacovig ,&nbsp;Rosanna Larciprete ,&nbsp;Dario Alfè ,&nbsp;Silvano Lizzit ,&nbsp;Alessandro Baraldi","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2023.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interest in understanding and controlling the properties of two-dimensional materials (2DMs) has fostered in the last years a significant and multidisciplinary research effort involving condensed matter physics and materials science. Although 2DMs have been investigated with a wide set of different experimental and theoretical methodologies, experiments carried out with surface-science based techniques were essential to elucidate many aspects of the properties of this family of materials. In particular, synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been playing a central role in casting light on the properties of 2DMs, providing an in-depth and precise characterization of these materials and helping to elucidate many elusive and intricate aspects related to them. XPS was crucial, for example, in understanding the mechanism of growth of several 2DMs at surfaces and in identifying the parameters governing it. Moreover, the chemical sensitivity of this technique is crucial in obtaining knowledge about functionalized 2DMs and in testing their behavior in several model chemical reactions. The achievements accomplished so far in this field have reached a maturity point for which a recap of the milestones is desirable. In this review, we will showcase relevant examples of studies on 2DMs for which synchrotron-based XPS, in combination with other techniques and state-of-the-art theoretical modeling of the electronic structure and of the growth mechanisms, was essential to unravel many aspects connected to the synthesis and properties of 2DMs at surfaces. The results highlighted herein and the methodologies followed to achieve them will serve as a guidance to researchers in testing and comparing their research outcomes and in stimulating further investigations to expand the knowledge of the broad and versatile 2DMs family.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"78 1","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3398759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for microscopic studies of electrochemical interfaces","authors":"Yasuyuki Yokota ,&nbsp;Misun Hong ,&nbsp;Norihiko Hayazawa ,&nbsp;Yousoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The review describes electrochemical applications of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). These applications combine the merits of both </span>scanning probe microscopy<span> (SPM) and Raman spectroscopy, which enables us to simultaneously obtain high-resolution images of surface morphology<span> and chemical information under the electrochemical environment. This review, first summarizes the pioneering work done on the TERS systems that operate in liquid and electrochemical environments, and then gives an overview of the typical instrumentation of electrochemical TERS (EC-TERS) based on electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy<span> (EC-STM). Furthermore, this review summarizes the advancements in EC-TERS studies of events that occur at the interfaces. These include potential dependent structural changes and electrochemical reactions. Finally, we discuss the current issues and future prospects of EC-TERS for microscopic studies of electrochemical interfaces.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"77 4","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1741705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The charge exchange of slow highly charged ions at surfaces unraveled with freestanding 2D materials","authors":"Richard A. Wilhelm","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The property of a variable charge state makes ions unique to other types of radiation a material surface can be exposed to. As a consequence of charge exchange between ions and surfaces, energy is transferred to the surface and material damage may be triggered. Furthermore, a changing charge state of the ion alters its slowing down process in solids and has important implications when back-scattered ions are to be measured for material analysis purposes. Over the last decades extensive research was devoted to the understanding of ion charge exchange with solids. Here I review recent progress in this field with special emphasize on slow ions in high charge states. This class of ions allows a detailed analysis of charge exchange in experiments, which employ also ultra-thin solid targets and therefore give experimental access to electronic processes on the femtosecond timescale. In this review I will discuss general properties of charge exchange and present typical experimental techniques. I will also discuss current developments in the modelling and simulation of ion-surface interaction. Recent findings using freestanding 2D materials are discussed as well as results from spectroscopy of emitted secondary particles. The paper concludes with a unified picture of ion charge exchange at surfaces and presents possible applications based on the understanding of the underlying physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"77 4","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3398760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene grown on transition metal substrates: Versatile templates for organic molecules with new properties and structures","authors":"Cristina Díaz ,&nbsp;Fabián Calleja ,&nbsp;Amadeo L. Vázquez de Parga ,&nbsp;Fernando Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2022.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interest in graphene (a carbon monolayer) adsorbed on metal surfaces goes back to the 60's, long before isolated graphene was produced in the laboratory. Owing to the carbon-metal interaction and the lattice mismatch between the carbon monolayer and the metal surface, graphene usually adopts a rippled structure, known as moiré, that confers it interesting electronic properties not present in isolated graphene. These moiré structures can be used as versatile templates where to adsorb, isolate and assemble organic-molecule structures with some desired geometric and electronic properties. In this review, we first describe the main experimental techniques and the theoretical methods currently available to produce and characterize these complex systems. Then, we review the diversity of moiré structures that have been reported in the literature and the consequences for the electronic properties of graphene, attending to the magnitude of the lattice mismatch and the type of interaction, chemical or physical, between graphene and the metal surface. Subsequently, we address the problem of the adsorption of single organic molecules and then of several ones, from dimers to complete monolayers, describing both the different arrangements that these molecules can adopt as well as their physical and chemical properties. We pay a special attention to graphene/Ru(0001) due to its exceptional electronic properties, which have been used to induce long-range magnetic order in tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) monolayers, to catalyze the (reversible) reaction between acetonitrile and TCNQ molecules and to efficiently photogenerate large acenes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"77 4","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1760214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}