Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism最新文献

{"title":"Phrases with the meaning of ethnic integrativity on the social media pages of Russian government bodies","authors":"Sergey Alexandrovich Gromyko, Yuriy Alexeevich Andronov","doi":"10.30853/phil20230505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230505","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the problems of using vocabulary related to the concept of “ethnic integration” in the discourse of Russian government bodies on their social media pages. The authors analyse the reasons for the choice of language tools, their functional purpose and possible consequences of this approach. The aim of the study is to systematise the speech representations of the idea of ethnic integrativity in the official state discourse on social media. The scientific novelty of the study lies in both the material itself (phrases with the meaning of integrativity on the social media pages of government bodies) and in the concept of its analysis (from the perspective of the so-called “plain language”). 358 messages were analysed and 163 phrases were selected. The main emphasis in the study is laid on the analysis of the semantics of the phrases, as well as their common usage / terminologisation. As a result, the prevalence of such phrases on the social media pages of government bodies and their role in having an effective dialogue with the audience were determined. It was found that government bodies take little account of the specifics of this communication channel and prefer to express the semantics of ethnic integrativity through official terminologised phrases.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lemmatization as a macrostructure optimization tool of an electronic dictionary","authors":"Ilya Vladimirovich Balkanov","doi":"10.30853/phil20230503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230503","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is aimed at identifying the ways of the optimization of the process of user lemmatization in an electronic translation dictionary. The study is novel in that it is the first to analyze the procedure of lemmatization executed by the software of an electronic dictionary from the standpoint of the functional theory of lexicography. The paper provides a lexicographic analysis of a user’s operations and possible mistakes, including spelling, in the process of lemmatization when accessing the corpus of a translation dictionary. The author examines the solutions offered by the compilers of printed dictionaries and proves that an increase in the volume of a dictionary corpus complicates the lemmatization procedure and forces the compiler to rely on a user’s knowledge; analyzes the problems arising in the lexicographic situation when a user perceives information by ear and then creates a search query for an electronic dictionary; determines the role of context in the selection of a translation equivalent when consulting a dictionary; suggests using voice input, speech recognition and spellchecking as means to satisfy communicative and cognitive needs of a dictionary user. As a result, the study proves that automation of the lemmatization procedure and integration of context analysis tools into the electronic dictionary software (for example, spellcheckers used in text editors) increase the efficiency of a user’s consultation with an electronic dictionary.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The headline complex of a radio programme as a meta-text indicator (based on survey data)","authors":"Natalia Georgievna Nesterova, Anastasiya Aleksandrovna Oreshkina","doi":"10.30853/phil20230500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230500","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to ascertain the extent to which the elements of the headline complex of a radio programme effectively perform the function of a meta-text indicator, that is, to determine whether the potential addressees can guess the range of themes presented in the programme after familiarising themselves with the elements of the headline complex. Evaluation of the success of a radio programme’s title, hashtags, annotation, illustrations posted on the radio station’s website and on its public page in a social network was determined on the basis of data obtained during surveys of potential listeners. The headline complexes in the programmes and podcasts of radio stations of different formats were used for the surveys: Radio Rossii, Radio Mayak and Dorozhnoye Radio. The scientific novelty of the study lies in developing and testing a survey methodology that offers a consistent verification of the role of verbal and visual elements of the headline complex. The conclusions about what causes unsuccessful radio communication at the stage of the listener’s perception of the header complex are also novel. The results showed that potential addressees do not always correctly guess the range of themes of a radio programme based on one or more of the presented elements of the headline complex. The function of a meta-text indicator in a radio programme is performed by the headline complex most effectively in the totality of its elements.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semantic parameterization of vocabulary as a means of identifying verbalization of culture-significant semantic zones in Russian and German (by the example of the lexico-semantic field “Friendship”)","authors":"Valentina Valerjevna Epifanova","doi":"10.30853/phil20230502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230502","url":null,"abstract":"The paper demonstrates the results of analysing the Russian and German lexemes and phrases included in the semantic field “Friendship” from the standpoint of their semantic parameterization based on the apparatus of lexical functions-parameters (in the terminology of I. A. Melchuk and A. K. Zholkovsky). The aim of the research is to create an algorithm for semantic parameterization of Russian and German vocabulary compiling a list of the equivalent parameters forming the semantic field “Friendship” in the analyzed languages. The author consistently compares Russian and German lexemes and phrases, distributed over 37 semantic parameters, to establish the equivalence or divergence of the content communicated by them, draws conclusions. The scientific novelty of the research lies in demonstrating a model for matching words and their combinations within semantic fields based on semantic parameters combining lexical functions-parameters of several lexemes included in a particular semantic field. This approach makes it possible to identify the key semantic zones verbalized in each language, helps to penetrate deeper into the linguistic consciousness of the native speakers of a particular language, contributes to a more detailed study of the semantics of words, identifies the semantic zones that are “not expressed” in the languages in order to find (if necessary) ways to fill these gaps. As a result of the research, it is the first time that the lists containing the linguistic units that verbalize the semantic parameters of the “Friendship” field in Russian and German have been compiled, the main ways of their verbalization in each language and usage examples have been provided.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple one-part sentences and their classification in the Ingush language (based on the material of S. I. Chakhkiev’s novel “Wolf Nights”)","authors":"Aset Zakreevna Gandaloeva, El’za Alikhanovna Ausheva","doi":"10.30853/phil20230497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230497","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to identify the structural and semantic features of simple one-part sentences in the Ingush language. The paper is original in that it is the first to determine the features of the structure and semantics of one-part sentences involving the material of the Ingush language, as well as the ways of expressing the principal parts in the syntactic constructions under study in the novel “Wolf Nights” by the famous Ingush writer S. I. Chakhkiev. As a result of the research, the predominance of definite-personal and impersonal structural and semantic types of one-part sentences has been established. The impersonal sentences where the main way of expressing a principal part is a word belonging to the category of state are the most widespread ones in the text of the novel. It has been proved that the frequent use of one-part sentences is one of the characteristic features of the modern Ingush language. It has been shown that each structural and semantic type of a simple one-part sentence has its own structural features, distribution and stylistic usage. It has been noted that one-part sentences in the Ingush language are often included into complex sentences with syndetic and asyndetic coordination.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinship terms in Tatar and English: A comparative analysis (based on lexicographic sources)","authors":"Aynur Akhatovich Timerkhanov","doi":"10.30853/phil20230499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230499","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a comparative analysis of kinship terms in the Tatar and English languages, the research aims to identify their general and specific semantic-structural characteristics. The degree of kinship and gender differences serve as important criteria in the naming of relatives; the seme “age” is also widely represented in the semantic structure of the terms, which is particularly pronounced primarily in Tatar terms. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in conducting a comparative study of kinship terms in the aspect of their complete and correct lexicographic representation in the languages with different structures, such as Tatar and English. As a result of studying kinship terms in the two languages, based on lexicographic data, the author has revealed similarities and differences in the naming of persons who are related, has shed light on the hyper-hyponymic relationships between such terms. The research findings have made it possible to make a more complete lexicographic description of the terms as well as to identify lexical and semantic lacunae and fill in such gaps in the author’s bilingual Tatar-English dictionary with unrecorded units or separate meanings. Consideration of the corpus of terms with the seme “a relative” and their derivatives from the standpoint of a productive model of term formation served as a basis for revealing their word-formation potential to a fuller extent.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metalexicography, culture and lexiculture: Structure and categories of description (based on the Russian, English, German, French and Malagasy languages)","authors":"Arkadiy Petrovich Sedykh, Elvira Nikolajevna Akimova, Galina Tigranovna Bezkorovaynaya","doi":"10.30853/phil20230498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230498","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to identify the structural and descriptive features of the modern lexicographic cluster. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in a comprehensive identification of metalexicographic formats for the description of modern lexicographic science in line with correlations with the “maternal” culture, both at the level of vocabulary and in the space of a complete utterance. In addition, the study is novel in that it introduces into active scientific use the terms “culture gap”, “linguocultural tensor” in order to clarify the conceptual apparatus and provide a clearer semantic structuring of the term system of metalexicography, language theory and communication theory. One of the main epistemological aspects of the work is represented by the development of the problems of lexicultural interpretation of lexicographic space as a semiotic whole and value, that is, the issues of searching for the foundations of multicultural identity, which can be resolved one way or another by referring to the language of dictionaries of various types. An important point of the study is the discovery of correlations between the conceptual and epistemic dimensions of metalexicographic knowledge, in other words, between linguistic and conceptual analysis of vocabulary discourse in line with the interpretative-semiological approach. The results showed the importance of further development of the metalexicographic paradigm in line with the constantly updated philological knowledge and also made it possible to discover the information about the collective elements of the worldview and cognition of the linguoculturological community and national-cultural identity at the level of philological knowledge functioning. The data obtained allowed the researchers to identify a number of important elements of the linguosemiotic impact on the thinking of a consumer of dictionary information necessary to overcome critical and stressful situations associated with the accelerated dynamics of the development of high-tech lexicographic data formats on the path of creating new metalexicographic axiology in order to optimise cognition and communication models.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germanic-Slavic lexical parallels – imitative words ‘lecken’ – ‘лизать’ (lick): Etymology, diachrony, current state","authors":"Tat’yana Fominichna Sheshkina","doi":"10.30853/phil20230501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230501","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to identify common phonetic and morphological features and differences, as well as their possible determinants in the system of imitative naming of Germanic and Slavic lexical fields using the example of the correlates ‘lecken’ – ‘лизать’ (lick). The paper also pays attention to semantic changes in the lexical units under consideration as an important stage of the presented linguistic reconstruction. The scientific novelty of the study lies in taking a multi-aspect approach, involving research materials in the field of phraseology, dialectology and onomastics, in order to clarify and expand the currently available linguistic data on the formation and development of lexical parallels in distantly related languages; in revising not only the new features that the Germanic and Slavic lexical systems have acquired, but also those which have been lost in the process of linguistic ontogenesis, starting from the single Indo-European foundation. The studied correlates were considered from the diachronic perspective in the context of the similarity/difference of the presented phonetic transitions, morphological transformations and semantic shifts. As a result of the analysis, the vectors of formation of these lexical parallels from the common Indo-European archetype in the Germanic and Slavic language backgrounds were determined applying certain postulates of the theory of imitative words.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"56 17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expressive means in literature in plain language (based on the material of the short story “The Trap” by J. Hermann)","authors":"Anna Leonidovna Fedorova","doi":"10.30853/phil20230496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230496","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to describe in a comprehensive manner the linguostylistic means of literary expression in the short story “The Trap” („Falle“) by the modern German writer Judith Hermann. A special, simplified version of the German language used by the author, i.e., plain language or ‘einfache Sprache’ in German, is a distinctive feature of the work. J. Hermann’s short story was included in Germany in the first collection of original literary texts in plain language available to a wide readership and became a part of the new literary project „LiES – Literatur in Einfacher Sprache“ (“Literature in plain language”). The scientific novelty of the study lies in the uniqueness of the analysed practical material – it is the first time that an attempt has been made to identify and characterise the stylistic potential of plain language based on the material of an original (untranslated) literary work by a modern German author. The results of the study clearly show that plain literary language is not inferior to standard literary language and has an extensive arsenal of stylistic means (epithets, comparisons, metaphors, personification, antitheses and gradation, parcellation and ellipses, repetitions, rhythm) and an ample potential for building new, fictional worlds and creating non-trivial artistic imagery, in particular due to the receptive intention of the title and the open ending.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136099229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture-bound and universal features of phraseological units with amphibian names in Russian, Chuvash, English and German","authors":"Natalia Vitalievna Nikolaeva, Yury Nikolaevich Isaev, Guzaliya Sayfullovna Gilazova, Andrey Anatolievich Danilov","doi":"10.30853/phil20230495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20230495","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to identify the culture-bound and universal features of phraseological units with amphibian names in Russian, Chuvash, English and German, as well as the productivity of the zoonyms under consideration in the formation of set expressions. The paper discusses the most common names of amphibians, namely “frog” and “toad”; analyses zoometaphors of the Russian, Chuvash, English and German languages and their functioning in set expressions of languages with different systems, which makes it possible to identify the national peculiarities of expressing native speakers’ knowledge about people, animals and the world. The study is novel in that it is the first to consider this group of zoonyms in a comparative aspect involving the material of languages with different systems to identify, analyse and describe national and cultural characteristics, similarities and differences in the functioning and productivity of zoonyms in phraseological units. As a result, it was proved that the national specifics of native speakers’ worldview and lifestyle, as well as different living conditions, traditions, history and religion often influence the figurative meaning of zoonyms.","PeriodicalId":43335,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136236674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}