SAGE Open Nursing最新文献

{"title":"Professional Identity in Nursing: A Narrative Review of the ISPIN Definition and Domains Usage.","authors":"Sarah M Geoghan Marold, Susan M Strouse, Dan Butcher","doi":"10.1177/23779608251335240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608251335240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Established in 2020, the International Society for Professional Identity in Nursing (ISPIN) developed a definition of professional identity in nursing (PIN). This definition encompasses four domains: values and ethics, knowledge, nurse as leader, and professional comportment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This narrative review aimed to summarize and synthesize identified published evidence, the extent of discussion of PIN domains, and literature gaps for the ISPIN definition of PIN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sources included peer-reviewed literature published between 2018 to 2025 from CINAHL and PubMed. Gray literature through Google Scholar and ISPIN archived publications were also searched. These were identified by two researchers and a PRISMA flow diagram was developed. No registered protocol was utilized. Search and MeSH terms included \"professional identity,\" \"nurs*,\" and \"ISPIN.\"</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Thirty-seven articles met inclusion criteria and were extracted from 16,295 initially identified articles, with the majority with authors from the United States. There were very few research papers and a noticeable dearth using quantitative methodologies. Twenty-eight of the retrieved articles were considered expert accounts, conceptual discussion or opinions, common for a relatively new concept.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Nurse as leader was discussed in 34 of 37 articles. Professional comportment was discussed in 31 articles. Both knowledge and value and ethics were discussed in 28 articles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This narrative review highlights the nature and prevalence of the ISPIN definitions and its four domains in current literature and can be visualized through diagramming. Minimal quantitative studies and a higher volume of discussion articles present limitations to its strength and applicability. Results suggests the need for further research in all domains, particularly in <i>knowledge</i> and <i>values and ethics</i>, and its implications in strengthening nursing practice and education.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251335240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Risk Management Practices of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Registered Nurses in Hospitals in Sarawak, Malaysia.","authors":"Sonia Anak Nicholas Felix, Wei Fern Siew","doi":"10.1177/23779608251335546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608251335546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among nursing professionals has profoundly affected their quality of life, contributed to absenteeism, and incurred considerable medical cost burdens for the nurses. Caring for many patients, physical handling, demographic characteristics, and psychosocial factors are some of the many causes why nurses frequently report experiencing WRMSDs. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of WRMSDs, the associated factors contributing to WRMSDs, and the risk management practices of WRMSDs among the registered nurses (RNs) in hospitals in Sarawak through risk assessment and control methods.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was an online cross-sectional study, reaching out to 364 RNs. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. The questionnaires were distributed via online private groups consisting of only RNs working in hospitals in Sarawak.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The prevalence of WRMSDs among the RNs was 95.1% (<i>n</i> = 194) and was associated with the shortage of RNs (<i>p</i> = 0.048; AOR = 0.190; CI = 0.037-0.984). Most of the RNs experienced lower back pain at 90.2% (<i>n</i> = 184). Risk assessment was focused only on patient manual handling (85.8%, <i>n</i> = 175) and equipment handling (85.8%, <i>n</i> = 175) competencies. The most common substitution method utilized by hospitals was to recruit healthcare assistants (64.3%, <i>n</i> = 148) while draw sheets (37.1%, <i>n</i> = 153) were regularly used as an engineering control strategy for bed-bound patients by the RNs and attending training on manual handling (48.5%, <i>n</i> = 99) was the main administrative control strategy in place for the RNs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recruiting nurses to meet an adequate RNs-to-patient care ratio is crucial. Management-led training for RNs on safe patient handling and mobility using assistive lifting devices technology could reduce the incidence of WRMSDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251335546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' Experiences in the Transition From Hospital to Home Palliative Care: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Studies.","authors":"Sara Cruz, Carla Fernandes, Bruno Magalhães","doi":"10.1177/23779608251334031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608251334031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The concept of transition refers to the shift from hospital-based care to home-based palliative care, encompassing the physical, emotional, and logistical adjustments patients and families face. This study aimed to synthesize the experiences of people in palliative situations at home.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review using thematic synthesis was guided using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) to organize the extracted information. Preparation of the qualitative synthesis followed ENTREQ-<i>Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research</i> recommendations. The literature search was carried out in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, ProQuest, and Worldcat, until October 31, 2023, for articles addressing the experiences of people over 18 years of age in a palliative situation at home. Data analysis employed thematic synthesis, involving inductive coding, development of themes, and interpretative synthesis to provide a comprehensive understanding of patient experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 441 articles identified, 17 studies were included. Data analysis was guided by Meleis 's Theory of Transitions, and six distinct categories were included in the conditions of the transition (facilitators or inhibitors): \"Personal Facilitators,\" \"Community Facilitators,\" \"Social Facilitators,\" \"Personal Inhibitors,\" \"Community Inhibitors,\" and \"Social Inhibitors.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate that the unique nature of the palliative condition and self-perception requires nursing care adapted to the person's experiences. The data collected and the analysis carried out in this thematic synthesis of the literature collectively contributed to identifying the facilitating and inhibiting factors regarding the complex transition process, considering the Theory of Transitions. The findings highlight the importance of personalized care approaches that address patients' emotional, social, and logistical needs during the transition to home-based palliative care. They underscore the need for enhanced communication, caregiver support, and accessible healthcare resources to improve patient and family experiences, guiding future interventions and policy development in palliative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251334031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Online Study of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Nursing Research as Perceived by Nursing Students.","authors":"Abdullah Algunmeeyn, Majd T Mrayyan","doi":"10.1177/23779608251330866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608251330866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare in general and scientific research in particular has become increasingly prevalent as it holds great promise for optimizing research processes and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study described predictors and differences in students' perceptions of the risks and benefits related to using AI in nursing research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative transverse study was implemented utilizing a convenient sample of 434 nursing students from a governmental university. Data were analyzed using many descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nursing students perceived AI in nursing research positively, with an overall mean score of 3.24/5 (SE = .024). Their feelings about AI were generally positive (Mean = 3.54/5; SE = .049; 95% CI = 3.45-3.64). Perceived risks of using AI in research were high (Mean = 1.59/2, SE = .016), especially concerning liability issues (Mean = 3.50/5, SE = .031), communication barriers (Mean = 3.48, SE = .035), unregulated standards (Mean = 3.37, SE = .034), privacy concerns (Mean = 3.37, SE = .034), social biases (Mean = 3.33, SE = .033), performance anxiety (Mean = 3.31, SE = .034), and mistrust in AI mechanisms (Mean = 3.28, SE = .032). The perceived benefits were also high (Mean = 3.46, SE = .030), with a strong intention to use AI-based tools (Mean = 3.52, SE = .033). Key predictors were high GPA and training in public hospitals. hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI in nursing research has many benefits; however, it comes with risks that need immediate management. Nursing students' GPAs and the hospitals where they received their training were often the key factors that shaped how well they understood the use of AI in nursing research. High-achieving students who were trained in public and teaching hospitals tend to be better users of AI in nursing research.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251330866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translating, Adapting and Validating the Revised MISSCARE Survey for Use in Norwegian Hospitals-A Pilot Study.","authors":"Kjersti Grønning, Melliane Muteba Olsen, Beate André","doi":"10.1177/23779608251332742","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251332742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The original <i>MISSCARE Survey</i> was developed in the US in the early 2000s to assess the amount of missed nursing care. Because additional causes of missed care were detected in later years, the <i>MISSCARE Survey</i> was further developed in 2019 by adding one item in Part A and five items in Part B to the questionnaire. Neither the original nor the <i>revised MISSCARE Survey</i> is translated into Norwegian, so a questionnaire is needed to assess missed nursing care in Norway. This study aims to translate and adapt the revised <i>MISSCARE Survey</i> for use in Norwegian hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A forward translation, followed by an expert panel's back-translation, cognitive interviews, and final version testing were conducted. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to investigate the underlying factor structure. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was employed for a test-retest evaluation. IBM SPSS Statistics (version 29) was used for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 120 nurses and nursing assistants took part in the study assessing the psychometric properties of the Norwegian adaptation of the revised <i>MISSCARE Survey</i>. The exploratory factor analysis for Part B revealed four factors, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.895, and Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.841 to 0.751, reflecting good internal consistency. The overall test-retest ICC was 0.894 for Part A and 0.827 for Part B, indicating strong reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The revised <i>MISSCARE Survey</i> adapted for use in Norwegian hospitals is a reliable and promising instrument for assessing missed nursing care in medical and surgical units within a local Norwegian hospital. However, further studies should be conducted to confirm the factor structure in larger and more diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251332742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer-Assisted Learning in Undergraduate Midwifery Clinical Education: A Qualitative Study on Experiences of Nursing Students From Three Namibian Training Institutions.","authors":"Kristine S Kandingu, Vistolina Nuuyoma","doi":"10.1177/23779608251328286","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251328286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peer-assisted learning is widely used in nursing education and is reported to have a positive impact on the students' learning process. However, students' experiences of peer-assisted learning from midwifery clinical education in resource-constrained, overcrowded, and small maternity sections are not documented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was undertaken to explore undergraduate nursing students' experiences of peer-assisted learning in midwifery clinical education context in Namibia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was approached from a social constructivism, with explorative, descriptive, and contextual qualitative as a methodological approach. The sample consisted of 32 nursing students from three training institutions, who were conveniently sampled. Data collection was via five focus group discussions, which used a focus group discussion guide, audio recorder, and field notes as research instruments. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Main themes that emerged from thematic analysis are students' conceptions of peer-assisted learning, benefits, challenges, and suggestions made to improve peer-assisted learning in midwifery clinical education. In thematic area of students' conceptions of peer-assisted learning, peer teaching tools, engagement, care, and support of peers were recorded as subthemes. The benefits of peer-assisted learning included teamwork, professional identity, a deep approach to learning, communication, coping mechanisms, and socialization. Challenges experienced by students while using peer-assisted learning are learning wrong practices from peers, personality influence, discrimination, labeling, and name calling. Suggestions made by students were formalization and training of students on peer-assisted learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Students' experiences of peer-assisted learning relate to how they understand it as a concept, their interaction with peers, and learning materials. In addition, students made suggestions to improve peer-assisted learning in midwifery clinical practice. These results may be useful in developing peer-assisted frameworks and guiding documents for use in its implementation in midwifery clinical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251328286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Age Differential on Competence Level in Clinical Practice Among Nursing Students in a Tertiary Institution in Nigeria.","authors":"Ayodeji Olubunmi Ogunmuyiwa, Stella Chinwe Anyama, Bukola Beatrice Howells, Comfort Adebisi Ogunleye, Deborah Tolulope Esan","doi":"10.1177/23779608251331587","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251331587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinical competence is the cornerstone of quality healthcare, influenced by various factors including age and gender in the clinical experience of nursing students. These factors can impact the acquisition, retention, clinical skills application, and readiness for professional roles.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study assessed gender and age differentials on competence level in nursing practice among nursing students in a tertiary institution in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Thirty-three nursing students at 300 levels of academic learning participated in this study using a purposive sampling technique. Clinical Experience Questionnaire and Clinical Competency Questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and summarized using descriptive (frequencies, counts, and percentages) and inferential (ANOVA) statistics with the level of significance set at <i>p</i> < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result of this study revealed that the majority (81.8%) of the respondents were between the age range of 20 and 24 years, and most (87.9%) of the participants were female. The competence of the students varies from high to moderate to low. The findings further showed that gender significantly predicts competencies (<i>p</i> < .05), with female nursing students having higher clinical competence. However, age does not significantly affect the clinical competence of nursing students.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows the significance of gender on nursing students' clinical competence level in clinical practice. Understanding the impact of gender influence on clinical competence can inform educational strategies and supportive learning experiences fostering male inclusion and retention in the nursing discipline.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251331587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Wasters Facing Nurses During Work in Hospital Departments.","authors":"Mohammad Qtait","doi":"10.1177/23779608251328278","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251328278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The authorities of healthcare and treatment worldwide are seeking to use available resources in a way that prevents any waste of money or time, as time is, of course, convertible to money.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study is to assess the time wasters facing nurses in the work department.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving surgical and medical ward nurses from hospitals in the West Bank. A structured questionnaire was administered to 200 nurses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants' sociodemographic characteristics indicated that nurses were almost equal in terms of gender (females: 51%). Seventy-four percent were young, with ages ranging from 25 to 34 years and work experience ranging from 6 to 10 years. Most of the participants (71.6%) held a bachelor's degree. More time was wasted by nurses during work, with an overall mean of 3.4 (medium). The activity thought to waste the most time in hospital care was moving around between patients' rooms, the nursing station, and the restroom, which may delay required tasks. Other time-wasting activities included using phones and social media, waiting for physicians to provide medication orders, post-round information, discharge orders, and other necessary details, communicating with patient relatives, and searching for supplies or equipment and returning them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The hospital working environment is complex, and opportunities for improving the efficiency of nurses' workloads should be analyzed case by case in each hospital and workgroup. Modifications to reduce the time wasted waiting in wards, straightforward creative solutions to minimize the time spent searching for necessary equipment, the use of Hospital Information System technology for communication and documentation, and better ward design to decrease time wasted moving between the ward and the restroom could all be beneficial for increasing productivity and providing safer, more acceptable care.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251328278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-medication Patterns and Knowledge Among Undergraduate Health Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Abeer Mohamed Abdelkader, Ghadeer Taher Alhassan, Wejdan Bader Albukhaytan, Esraa Ahmed Alnoubi, Wadha Nasser AlRasheedi, Eman Ali Alomran","doi":"10.1177/23779608251330865","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251330865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-medication (SM) is a practice wherein an individual consumes medicines without consulting a physician. This growing practice can lead to serious consequences, such as adverse drug reactions or treatment failure. Evidence suggests that SM is particularly common among young adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the patterns and knowledge of SM among undergraduate health sciences students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted on 571 undergraduate health sciences students from January to March 2023. Data on SM practices and associated factors were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. A convenient sampling method was employed to recruit the students. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-medication was reported by 83.5% of participants. Knowledge of SM was satisfactory in 56% and unsatisfactory in 44%. Practice scores were unsatisfactory in 70% and satisfactory in 30%. Pharmacies (61.1%) and the Internet (53.5%) were the main information sources. Significant correlations were found between SM and chronic disease (χ² = 10.846, <i>p</i> = .0009) and lack of medical insurance (χ² = 84.175, <i>p</i> = .0001). Painkillers and antipyretics were the most commonly used SM drugs with 51.7% and 45.4%, respectively. Chronic diseases were reported by 8% of participants, of which 27.1%, 18.8%, 22.9%, and 31.2%, reported glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, hypothyroidism, asthma, and anemia, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant proportion of the respondents practice SM. Although knowledge of SM was satisfactory, it is recommended to be aware risks of SM among students and enforce stricter supervision on the sale of over-the-counter drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251330865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Origins of Perceived Discrimination in e-Learning in Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Zahra Hadian Jazi, Amir Shahzeydi, Kazzem Gheybi, Sedigheh Farzi, Sima Babaei","doi":"10.1177/23779608251325097","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23779608251325097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Discrimination in education is commonly associated with face-to-face interactions between teachers and students. However, e-learning environments can also foster discrimination. Despite existing research on discrimination in traditional education, limited studies address this issue in virtual education, particularly in nursing education.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore the factors contributing to perceived discrimination in e-learning among nursing and midwifery students, focusing on the underlying causes and conditions that shape these experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative design was employed at the nursing and midwifery school of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Thirteen nursing and midwifery students were selected using purposeful and convenient sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews, and analyzed using content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factors contributing to perceived discrimination in e-learning were categorized into four themes: (1) the nature of e-learning (e.g., limited teacher availability, reduced interaction); (2) professor-related factors (e.g., experience, age, technology skills, and inattention to feedback); (3) student-related factors (e.g., gender, financial issues, and varying technology skills); and (4) inadequate resources (e.g., internet connectivity and limited access to study materials).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights multiple factors influencing students' perceptions of discrimination in e-learning. Addressing these issues can improve virtual education quality in nursing programs. Further research is needed to explore these factors in broader educational contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"11 ","pages":"23779608251325097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}