Solar Energy最新文献

{"title":"Experimental impacts of transparency on strawberry agrivoltaics using thin film photovoltaic modules under low light conditions","authors":"Uzair Jamil ,&nbsp;Joshua M. Pearce","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study determines the effects of varying lighting conditions from agrivoltaics on strawberry growth and yield by investigating strawberry production under thin-film cadmium telluride PV modules. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of varying PV transparency on strawberry yield and growth under Cd-Te PV modules, and to evaluate the potential of agrivoltaics as a sustainable solution for strawberry production in northern climates. Seven levels of transparency (10%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%) were tested, which resulted in varying photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) values under each PV module type. Modules were tested in a controlled environment designed to replicate outdoor conditions of London Ontario, with regulated temperature and lighting. Strawberry fresh weight, plant height, leaf count, and flower count were quantified. The results indicate that strawberries grown under 70% transparency PV exhibited a fresh weight 140.6% of the average control. Additionally, 40% transparency maintained a greater than 80% yield making them viable in all regions with agrivoltaics yield mandates. Increased transparency in PV modules also correlated with a higher number of leaves, while height correlation was complex. If Canadian strawberry farms converted to agrivoltaics, between 595 and 1,786 GWh of solar electricity could be generated and globally strawberry agrivoltaics offer an electrical potential ranging from 58 to 173 TWh. The adoption of agrivoltaics in the strawberry sector could facilitate energy self-sufficiency and transform it into a net electricity exporter, generating additional revenue for farmers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113375"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optoelectronic evaluation of SrMnO3 cubic perovskite for prospective visible light solar photovoltaic application","authors":"N.P. Vikas ,&nbsp;Manisha Kar ,&nbsp;Archana Hota ,&nbsp;Sougat Purohit ,&nbsp;Salila Kumar Sethy ,&nbsp;Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran ,&nbsp;Ravi P. Srivastava ,&nbsp;Amritendu Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Next-generation solar cell materials with superior optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties must circumvent the toxicity and degradation issues of hybrid lead halide perovskites. In this regard, transition metal oxide perovskites with favourable optoelectronic properties are of significant relevance. In this work, we report a combined theoretical–experimental investigation into the optoelectronic properties of cubic-perovskite, SrMnO₃ (SMO) for prospective visible-light photovoltaic application. Using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we show that SMO with cubic symmetry demonstrates a direct bandgap character (∼0.62 eV), exceptional absorption behaviour (∼10⁵ cm⁻¹ in the visible range), substantial dielectric constant (∼11) and a reasonably small exciton binding energy (∼44 meV) promising a sizeable photovoltaic response (PCE_SLME ∼ 16 %). Accordingly, thin films of SMO were grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Structural characterization demonstrated phase pure SMO with cubic symmetry. Room-temperature Hall measurement allowed the determination of the nature (p-type) and concentration (1.37 × 10¹² cm⁻³) of majority charge carriers, conductivity (5.56 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm), and carrier mobility (24.5 cm²/V·s) which are reasonably comparable to those of archetypal halide perovskite, CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃). Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy further allowed the determination of energies corresponding to valence and conduction band edges, crucial for device fabrication. Initial device characterization demonstrates small yet finite photovoltaic response, suggesting the requirement of thorough optimization of the device fabrication parameters and development of a suitable hole transport layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging large-scale aerial data for accurate urban rooftop solar potential estimation via multitask learning","authors":"Alessia Boccalatte ,&nbsp;Ankit Jha ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Chanussot","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown remarkable success in remote sensing tasks. In urban contexts, recent research has utilized CNNs to generate rooftop segmentation masks and determine rooftop section orientation from aerial images. This cost-effective approach is especially valuable for large-scale rooftop solar potential estimations when detailed three-dimensional data is unavailable. This research introduces SolarMTNet, a novel multitask dense-prediction network designed for rooftop solar potential prediction using only aerial images. Unlike previous studies that focus on small manually labeled datasets (approximately 2000 scenes) and only segment rooftop orientations while typically assuming constant slopes, SolarMTNet simultaneously segments both orientations and slopes, enhancing the accuracy of solar potential estimations by 40%. SolarMTNet leverages a large, automatically labeled dataset (up to 280000 scenes) created from open-source Swiss geospatial and aerial data, significantly improving generalization. The model is trained on rooftop data from the Zurich and Geneva cantons and cross-validated on the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. The results show a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 0.67 for orientation segmentation and 0.40 for slope segmentation. The estimated irradiance exhibits an absolute mean percentage difference of only 5% compared to real solar cadaster data derived from detailed model-based calculations, primarily due to shading issues. Finally, SolarMTNet has also been tested in different geographical areas outside Switzerland (France and Germany), demonstrating consistent performance across diverse regions and pixel resolutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113336"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data fusion of complementary data sources using Machine Learning enables higher accuracy Solar Resource Maps","authors":"J. Rabault ,&nbsp;M.L. Sætra ,&nbsp;A. Dobler ,&nbsp;S. Eastwood ,&nbsp;E. Berge","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, we collect solar irradiance and atmospheric condition data from several products, obtained from both numerical models (ERA5 and NORA3) and satellite observations (CMSAF-SARAH3). We then train simple supervised Machine Learning (ML) data fusion models, using these products as predictors and direct in-situ Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) measurements over Norway as ground-truth. We show that combining these products by applying our trained ML models provides a GHI estimate that is significantly more accurate than that obtained from any product taken individually. Using the trained models, we generate a 30-year ML-corrected map of GHI over Norway, which we release as a new open data product. Our ML-based data fusion methodology could be applied, after suitable training and input data selection, to any geographic area on Earth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113337"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of copper precursors on the photovoltaic performance of Cu2SnS3 thin film-based solar cells toward an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 9.85%","authors":"Elarbi Laghchim ,&nbsp;Abderrahim Raidou ,&nbsp;Jamal Zimou ,&nbsp;Jaouad Mhalla ,&nbsp;Abdellatif El-Habib ,&nbsp;Khalid Fareh ,&nbsp;Atika Fahmi ,&nbsp;Khalid Nouneh ,&nbsp;M'hamed Taibi ,&nbsp;Mounir Fahoume","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we explored the effect of copper precursors on the photovoltaic properties of eco-friendly and earth-abundant Cu₂SnS₃ (CTS) thin films deposited by the easy and economical SILAR method. Comprehensive characterization revealed the critical role of copper precursors in shaping the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of CTS films. XRD, Raman spectroscopy and HRTEM revealed the successful formation of the Cu₂SnS₃ phase, with the coexistence of the tetragonal and cubic structures. SEM images demonstrated considerable impact of the copper precursor on the morphology of the CTS films, revealing good surface compactness when using the acetate precursor. A uniform Cu-Sn-S distribution with a value close to the ideal stoichiometry of 2:1:3 of Cu₂SnS₃ is verified by EDX. The direct optical bandgap energy showed a correlation with the copper precursor, giving values between 1.37 eV and 1.45 eV, ideal for use as absorber layers. Electrical Hall effect measurements carried out on the grown CTS layers exhibited a Hall mobility of 0.38 cm²/V.s for copper sulfate and 0.592 cm²/V.s for chloride and 3.56 cm²/Vs for acetate with p-type conductivity and a carrier concentration between 2.688 x 10²¹cm⁻³ and 6.672 x 10²¹ cm⁻³. Furthermore, the photovoltaic performance of solar cells based on CTS thin films, as prepared in this study, was measured using the SCAPS-1D simulator. The solar cell-based CTS films fabricated using the copper acetate precursor achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.85 % and an improved open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 739.85 mV. These results highlight an innovative and cost-effective solution for the production of scalable solar cells using copper acetate as a precursor in the SILAR synthesis of CTS thin films, avoiding the high costs and technical challenges associated with vacuum deposition techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113341"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of potential induced degradation for TOPCon PV modules working in field based on accelerated stress testing","authors":"Zhiwei Li ,&nbsp;Kai Yu ,&nbsp;Le Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Huang ,&nbsp;Xilian Sun ,&nbsp;Jikui Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Xia ,&nbsp;Yaokai Liu ,&nbsp;Jifan Gao ,&nbsp;Lang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Potential induced degradation (PID) is a serious concern for photovoltaic (PV) modules operating in fields with high system voltage, humidity and temperature, which may potentially lead to substantial performance losses. In this study, we developed a methodology to predict the field degradation of PID based on the dual-glass modules of tunnel oxide passivated contracts (TOPCon) cells. The Arrhenius equations have been applied to fit the PV power degradation rates using the PID data from steady-state test chambers with a light intensity of 800 W/m². In addition, the acceleration factors (AF), which is defined as the ratio of power degradation rate in the accelerated test to that in the field, have been evaluated for different temperatures. The methodology has been applied to other multiple typical field conditions, including the medium temperature/humidity East-China, the high temperature/humidity South-China, the high temperature dry Middle East, and the high humidity offshore fields. The predicted power degradation rates from PID in 30 years for the South-China and Middle East areas are 1.57 % and 1.13 %, respectively. In addition, the power degradation from water bath PID in 30 years, as fitted by exponential model, is roughly 4.01 % at most.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113340"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault detection in photovoltaic systems using unmanned aerial vehicle-captured images and rough set theory","authors":"C.V. Prasshanth ,&nbsp;S. Badri Narayanan ,&nbsp;Naveen Venkatesh Sridharan ,&nbsp;Sugumaran Vaithiyanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing reliance on photovoltaic (PV) systems as a sustainable energy source is challenged by performance degradation due to faults, necessitating efficient fault detection methods. This study proposes an AI-driven approach using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-captured images for automated PV module inspection. Advanced feature extraction techniques, including Texture Analysis, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Grey-Level Difference Method (GLDM), and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), were employed to analyze image data. A Rough Set-Based Rule Classifier was optimized, achieving 100% accuracy when paired with DWT features. Additionally, data augmentation techniques were integrated to enhance model robustness. The proposed method improves PV system maintenance by enabling precise, non-destructive fault detection, ensuring higher efficiency and reliability for solar energy adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113348"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic diversity capture differential evolution to accurately design complex nonlinear photovoltaic system: A heuristic case","authors":"Tianyu Gao ,&nbsp;Yajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Juan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of renewable energy transformation, the application of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology must rely on efficient and reliable parameter identification methods to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system. Due to PV models are highly nonlinear and it is difficult to estimate parameters, this paper proposes an improved dynamic diversity capture L-SHADE with parameters matrix pre-decomposition approach (DcL-SHADED) to estimate the unknown parameters of PV models. In DcL-SHADED, first, the parameters that need to be estimated are pre-decomposed into parameters of different properties by means of a decomposition method. Secondly, we propose a dynamic population diversity capture mechanism to determine the changing trend of population diversity of different generations. Furthermore, an optimal individual-guided evolution strategy is proposed to improve individual local development capabilities. Therefore, individuals are encouraged to adaptively choose one of two appropriate evolutionary strategies based on the changing trend of population diversity. Finally, DcL-SHADED further identifies parameters with nonlinear characteristics, followed by the construction of matrix equations to reassess the linear unknown parameters. By testing seven PV models with varying degrees of nonlinearity, it is evident that DcL-SHADED outperforms well-known comparative algorithms. This confirms the strong competitiveness of DcL-SHADED.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113332"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of a folded mini-channel heat sink for solar cell cooling: Experimental study","authors":"Amel Djebara ,&nbsp;Nabil Bessanane ,&nbsp;Mohamed Si-Ameur ,&nbsp;Adnan Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Zouheyr Noui ,&nbsp;Sharul Sham Dol ,&nbsp;Hariam Luqman Azeez ,&nbsp;Sidi Ali Amira","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the critical challenge of reducing operating temperature in photovoltaic (PV) systems, as excessive heat generation impairs their electrical efficiency and power output. A novel mini-channel heat sink with a folded U-shaped fin design is introduced to enhance heat dissipation, offering a scalable solution for optimizing PV performance. The design increases the heat transfer area while reducing airflow velocity by narrowing the channels, and optimizing thermal management. Experiments were conducted indoors under controlled conditions, with inlet air velocity of 0.3, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 m/s and solar irradiances of 500 and 1000 W/m². The outcomes showed that the mini-channel heat sink effectively reduced the average cell temperature by 57.44 %. This significant thermal regulation increased electrical efficiency by 26.6 %, resulting in a 37.55 % increment in power output. The experimental findings were further compared to numerical simulations achieving an acceptable range of variation and ensuring the reliability of the results with an average heat transfer coefficient error percentage below 5 %. The originality of this work lies then in its unique U-shaped mini-channel design, which mitigates thermal stress and optimizes energy output. It provides a promising approach to advancing PV cooling technologies and a scalable solution for improving solar energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113326"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating the impact of ultraviolet radiation and extreme environments on solar cell and panel performance: A state-of-the-art review and critical analysis","authors":"Dipen Paul ,&nbsp;D. Devaprakasam","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing importance of solar energy necessitates technological advancements to ensure its long-term viability and widespread adoption. This research aims to investigate how various environmental conditions impact the durability, efficiency, and overall performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, contributing to their degradation. The financial sustainability and optimal performance of solar energy systems depend on the resilience of solar cells and panels against aging processes. This study focuses on identifying factors contributing to the aging of solar panels, with a particular emphasis on the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The aforementioned elements comprise temperature variations, exposure to moisture, and accumulation of grime, discoloration, cracking, and delamination of layers. This research extensively investigates the factors and consequences of UV-induced degradation in solar cells and panels. It also investigates the approaches utilized to alleviate UV-induced harm and prolong the lifespan of solar panels. In addition, the study examines strategies and optimal approaches to mitigate the effects of age-related obstacles on solar energy systems, thereby guaranteeing their long-term viability and functionality. In conclusion, the research establishes fresh scientific pathways and strategic recommendations to tackle the challenges posed by solar PV technologies’ aging and degradation. These advancements will facilitate the extensive adoption of PV systems as a sustainable energy source and ensure their long-term viability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 113342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}