Solar Energy最新文献

{"title":"Design of solar fields for Concentrated Solar Power plants considering operation & maintenance activities","authors":"Chiara Lupi ,&nbsp;Cody B. Anderson ,&nbsp;Giovanni Picotti ,&nbsp;Michael E. Cholette ,&nbsp;Giampaolo Manzolini","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Properly sizing the solar field in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants is crucial for their economic performance. Current techniques overlook operation and maintenance (O&amp;M) costs which can significantly affect the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and fail to incorporate key O&amp;M-related productivity losses, such as heliostat failures and soiling, within their productivity models. This study presents an approach for designing the solar power plant including O&amp;M costs for heliostats repair and cleaning, concurrently identifying the optimal deployment of cleaning resources. The developed methodology is applied for a modular solar tower plant in Mount Isa, Australia, where the solar field size that minimizes the LCOE is identified, simultaneously optimizing the power block (PB) and the thermal energy storage (TES) capacity.</div><div>The outcomes of the analysis show that including O&amp;M expenses due to heliostats repair and cleaning leads to a larger solar field: the optimal design for the <em>LCOE scenario</em> features a 22<!--> <!-->% oversize. This configuration is paired with a PB of 32<!--> <!-->MW and a TES of 1326<!--> <!-->MW<!--> <!-->h-14.5<!--> <!-->h, significantly smaller than the 56<!--> <!-->MW, 2320<!--> <!-->MW<!--> <!-->h-14.5<!--> <!-->h reference. In the <em>grid-driven scenario</em>, the optimal solar field is also oversized by 22<!--> <!-->%, with a PB of 56<!--> <!-->MW matching the reference size, and a smaller 1520<!--> <!-->MW<!--> <!-->h-9.5<!--> <!-->h TES. This methodology emphasizes the impact of O&amp;M activities on plant design, alongside the influence of turbine operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of reverse transposition and separation methods for global tilted irradiance: Insights from high-latitude data","authors":"Marieke Rynoson ,&nbsp;Silvia Ma Lu ,&nbsp;Joakim Munkhammar ,&nbsp;Pietro Elia Campana","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate separation of global tilted irradiance (GTI) becomes important when the measured irradiance is used for quality control or PV simulation purposes, for which the latter often requires global horizontal irradiance (GHI), or diffuse and beam irradiance fractions. This study presents an evaluation of irradiance reverse transposition and separation models for the application with GTI in high latitudes. The evaluation is made based on measured and quality controlled six-second irradiance from latitude 59.53°N, containing GTI at 30°, 40°, and 90° tilt angles, as well as GHI and diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI). Based on a literature review, two specialized GTI reverse transposition and separation models – <span>GTI-DIRINT</span> and <span>Perez-Driesse</span> – and four GHI separation models were chosen for evaluation. The latter were tested in an optimization loop developed for this study that utilizes existing GHI separation models combined with transposition models for reverse transposition and separation of GTI. Specifically, the separation models <span>Erbs</span>, <span>Skartveit1</span>, <span>Engerer2</span>, and <span>Yang4</span> were tested with <span>Hay &amp; Davies</span> and <span>Perez1990</span> transposition.</div><div>The models were investigated using both statistical evaluation metrics and Diebold–Mariano test to compare measured and predicted GHI and DHI. An evaluation with measured data showed that for GTI reverse transposition and separation at high latitudes, the use of the proposed optimization model with <span>Engerer2</span> in combination with <span>Hay &amp; Davies</span> transposition, or the <span>Perez-Driesse</span> model is recommended. This is based on overall good ranking and low bias of GHI prediction with −2.0 W/m² and −2.3 W/m², respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113597"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal airflow-assisted double-electrode electrostatic adsorption dust collection approach for photovoltaic modules","authors":"Yueru Wang ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Le Li ,&nbsp;Haoyi Li ,&nbsp;Yaoxu Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Yin ,&nbsp;Yifei Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyue Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dust deposition can considerably reduce the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Therefore, developing an efficient dust collection method is essential. To this end, this study proposes a longitudinal airflow-assisted double-electrode electrostatic adsorption (ESA) dust collection method. The mechanism of this method was first investigated, and based on this investigation, an experimental platform was constructed for the method. Transparent conductive films charged dust particles by releasing free electrons through four main mechanisms: contact charging, water ionization, field electron emission, and secondary electron emission. Furthermore, as the electric field strength increased, the dust collection rate (<em>ω</em>) rose slowly, then sharply, and finally stabilized. The <em>ω</em> increased with increasing airflow velocity and dust collection time. Additionally, the proposed method was numerically simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Simulation results showed that at an airflow velocity of 1 m/s, <em>ω</em> initially increased and then decreased with increasing the particle radius. Experimental results showed that at a dust collection electric field strength of 4 kV/cm, the optimum airflow velocity and dust collection time were 1 m/s and 2 s, respectively. At this time, <em>ω</em> reached 91.14 % and the normalized value of PV module power generation efficiency (<em>η*</em>) increased by 47.45 % relative to that before dust collection. For cemented dust particles, the <em>η*</em> increased by 57.20 % relative to that before dust collection. Overall, this study provides a solution for efficient and low-cost dust collection for PV modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113632"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humidification-dehumidification desalination system based on solar air and water heaters","authors":"Abhishek Tiwari,&nbsp;Amit Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-cost, low-grade solar-thermal humidification/dehumidification (STHDH) desalination system is viewed as a highly promising solution for small to medium-scale freshwater production. Key components influencing the productivity of STHDH systems include the heat source and packing material. This study focuses on the development of an STHDH desalination system, incorporating a novel solar water heater, a solar air heater, a humidifier using coconut fibre as packing material, and an evaporative cooler-based dehumidifier. The solar air and water heaters achieve average temperature differences of 68 °C for air and 11.1 °C for seawater, with respective flow rates of 100 kg/h and 0.028 kg/s. In the humidifier, coconut fibre provides sufficient surface area and ensures uniform distribution of air and seawater, resulting in a 48 %-126 % increase in the air’s humidity ratio. Results show that increasing both air and seawater flow rates significantly boosts system productivity and efficiency. The system produces between 3.78–5.34 L/h of freshwater with a thermal efficiency of 33.2 %-46.8 %. Additionally, it reduces 312.19 tons of CO₂ emissions and offers freshwater at a cost of $0.011-$0.015 per litre. Water quality tests reveal that the system effectively removes 99.6 % of TDS, 99.7 % of total hardness, and 99.9 % of chlorides from seawater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113637"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative method based on CFD to simulate the influence of photovoltaic panels on the microclimate in agrivoltaic conditions","authors":"Vernier Joseph ,&nbsp;Berlioux Baptiste ,&nbsp;Amiot Baptiste ,&nbsp;Edouard Sylvain ,&nbsp;Ferrand Martin ,&nbsp;Dupont Eric ,&nbsp;Caruyer Céline ,&nbsp;Trotin Vincent ,&nbsp;Combes Didier ,&nbsp;Massin Patrick","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113571","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Assessing the impact of photovoltaic panels on solar and infrared radiation, wind speed, and turbulence is essential for understanding how these panels may affect crops or livestock in agrivoltaic (APV) systems, as well as water reservoirs in floating photovoltaic (FPV) installations. However, state-of-the-art numerical methods require huge computing resources and rarely account for many physical phenomena at the same time. This study suggests the implementation of source and sink terms within the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver code_saturne, specifically in the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (U-RANS) equations and the Discrete Ordinate Radiation Model (DOM). It enables time-efficient simulations of solar and infrared radiation, wind speed, and turbulence in the presence of obstacles. First, this method is compared to wind tunnel measurements of velocity and turbulence fields for a downsized ground-mounted photovoltaic plant, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;RMSE&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m/s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;RMSE&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;05&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, for a flow with a wind speed of 2.5 &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m/s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and a turbulent kinetic energy of 0.05 &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; at the PV panel height. Then, it has been applied to an actual APV power plant to validate solar and infrared radiation simulations, on average &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;RMSE&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;61&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;RMSE&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;14&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, for a solar radiation reaching 500 &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and an IR radiation of about 350 &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. This innovative method allows for the examination of how obstacles affect the microclimate, and subsequently, key parameters such as evapotranspiration. It paves the way for comprehensive numerical studies of the influence of photovoltaic panels on their e","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113571"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-dimensional transient thermal modelling and analysis of pontoon design parameters in floating photovoltaic systems","authors":"Brendan Willemse ,&nbsp;Johannes Pretorius ,&nbsp;Michael Owen ,&nbsp;Arnold Rix","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study simulates the thermal behaviour of floating photovoltaic modules under varying conditions of plane-of-array irradiance, wind speed, air temperature, and water temperature. A transient, one-dimensional finite difference model calculates cell temperature, efficiency, and power output. Validated using 46 days of experimental data from a floating photovoltaic system in Stellenbosch, South Africa, the model predicts back surface temperatures with a root mean square error of 4<em>.</em>00 °C and <em>R</em>² = 0<em>.</em>91. Strong correlations of <em>R</em>² = 0<em>.</em>92 and <em>R</em>² = 0<em>.</em>90 are observed under consistent and fluctuating irradiance conditions, respectively. Elevated pontoon temperatures (<em>T_P &gt; T_air &gt; T_W</em>) are found to reduce the thermal benefits of water proximity. A factorial design sensitivity analysis examines the influence of module tilt angle, pontoon emissivity, relative pontoon surface area, module height above water, and their interactions on cell temperature. Pontoon surface area shows the highest sensitivity, with an average change of 0.22 °C<em>/</em>%, followed by tilt angle. Pontoon emissivity has a lower but notable sensitivity of 0.05 °C<em>/</em>%. Significant parameter interactions are also identified. Modelling a pontoon-less floating photovoltaic system reveals a mean module efficiency increase of 0.21 % (maximum 0.39 %) and a 1<em>.</em>28 % rise in energy output across the dataset, highlighting the pivotal role of pontoon design in optimising the thermal performance and overall efficiency of these systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113604"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual enhancement of light harvesting in lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot solar cells through a three-dimensional moth-eye structure","authors":"Hongbo Zhu,&nbsp;Ting Liu,&nbsp;Yinglin Wang,&nbsp;Chunliang Wang,&nbsp;Xintong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient light harvesting is crucial for the near-infrared (NIR) lead sulfide (PbS) colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs), an emerging photovoltaic technology with broad-band solar light absorption, high stability, solution processability, and high theoretical efficiency. However, achieving high light harvesting of PbS CQDSCs is still challenging because of the intrinsic high refractive index and insufficient NIR absorption coefficient of PbS quantum dots (QDs). Here, we demonstrate a dual-enhancement strategy that utilizes a three-dimensional (3D) ZnO with sub-wavelength moth-eye structure to achieve broad-band anti-reflection and NIR optical trapping simultaneously. The optical simulation proved that this strategy could create a refractive index gradient to significantly reduce Fresnel reflection over a wide wavelength range, and generate light diffraction enhancement near the low light-absorbing band of PbS QDs. The fitting results show the simulated light harvesting ability of solar cells could be enhanced by up to 15 % due to the light reflection reduction, especially that at 760–900 nm, which could be further improved by 60 % due to the diffraction effect. The effect of this dual-enhancement strategy was experimentally examined by constructing ZnO using the microsphere template method, which increased the current density of PbS CQDSCs by 11 % under AM1.5G illumination and by 34 % under NIR illumination (&gt;760 nm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 113595"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifacial liquid-junction photovoltaic devices using PtCu alloys counter electrodes","authors":"Tran Nam Anh ,&nbsp;Dang Thi Hai Linh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Hien ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Hanh ,&nbsp;Bui Thi Phuong Hai ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc ,&nbsp;Linh Nguyen Duy Pham ,&nbsp;Vu Anh Doan ,&nbsp;Dang Viet Cuong ,&nbsp;Van-Duong Dao","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the synthesis of PtCu nanoparticles (NPs) with varying Pt and Cu precursor volume ratios using atmospheric dry plasma reduction (DPR) technology. Notably, DPR operates under ambient pressure and temperature conditions without the need for toxic chemicals, making it an environmentally friendly approach. The synthesized PtCu NPs were immobilized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates and utilized, for the first time, as counter electrodes (CEs) in highly efficient bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells (BFDSCs). The morphology, surface chemical state, and electronic structure of PtCu NPs were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Their electrochemical performance was evaluated using Tafel analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Additionally, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of BFDSCs was assessed from both the front and back sides. The highest recorded PCE for PtCu CE-based BFDSCs was 7.28% (front-side) and 5.25% (back-side), exceeding that of conventional Pt CE-based BFDSCs (6.66% and 4.75%, respectively). Furthermore, we evaluated and compared the price-performance ratio to identify the optimal composition for replacing traditional Pt-based CEs. These results emphasize the potential of PtCu alloy CEs as a hopeful alternative to Pt CEs, offering both enhanced PCE and cost-effectiveness for next-generation BFDSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113629"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The performance enhancement and multi-field applications of PVT hydrogen production technology: a review","authors":"Xuhong Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Kun Yang ,&nbsp;Jiahong Guo ,&nbsp;Zhangyu Li ,&nbsp;Ruiwen Zou ,&nbsp;Xiding Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The PVT hydrogen generation has garnered a lot of research interest. This enhances energy efficiency and presents a viable route for the production of clean energy. Although key component optimization has been studied, their advantages, limitations, and future directions in urban buildings, industrial parks, and agricultural production remain underexplored. This study focuses on the latest research progress of Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) hydrogen production technology, aiming to promote its widespread application across multiple fields.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This paper examines the performance optimization pathways of PVT hydrogen production technology to enhance overall system performance, focusing on improvements at the subsystem, whole system, and polygeneration system levels. In addition, this review summarizes and analyzes recent innovations and developments in the potential applications of PVT hydrogen systems in urban buildings, industrial parks, and the agricultural sector.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nanofluids, phase change materials, spectral splitting technologies, and AI-based control strategies have significantly improved the hydrogen production efficiency of PVT systems. However, practical deployment still faces distinct challenges such as PVT module degradation under dust and humidity, instability in solar-thermal-electrolysis coupling, and economic uncertainties in decentralized deployment scenarios.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate that innovations in material design, thermal-electric coordination, and AI-based control are essential for enhancing hydrogen production efficiency and system reliability. However, practical deployment faces context-specific challenges, such as dust and water scarcity in agriculture, integration complexity in industry, and space constraints in buildings. Future research should prioritize adaptive control, durability under harsh conditions, and scenario-driven techno-economic optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113626"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a three-band spectrum splitting photovoltaic-photothermal driven SOEC hydrogen production system","authors":"Leyi Miao ,&nbsp;Guijia Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiquan Shan,&nbsp;Zihui Xu,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhou,&nbsp;Zhihua Wang,&nbsp;Kefa Cen","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve cascade conversion of the full-spectrum solar energy and the complementary production of hydrogen from electric and thermal energy, this study proposes a new solar three-band spectrum-splitting photovoltaic-photothermal driven SOEC hydrogen production system. Three-band spectrum-splitting of solar spectrum is conducted basing on the different light energy qualities, which are used for photovoltaic and concentrated heat collection, then the electrical and thermal energy are input into SOEC system. This study develops a thermodynamic model of a solar spectrum splitting and SOEC system, and it investigates the coupled effects of SOEC parameters, including operating temperature and current density, and solar spectrum splitting parameters, including concentration ratio and spectrum splitting wavelength, on the system solar-to-hydrogen energy efficiency. After optimizing the parameters, the maximum efficiency achieved 47.38% within the investigated conditions, and the energy efficiency increase by 5–7 percentage points compared with non-splitting system. The system was further optimized by combining the S-CO₂ Brayton cycle, which makes the spectrum splitting wavelength more stable, improves the efficiency of photovoltaic cells by 10 percentage points after the spectrum splitting and increases the energy efficiency under low-temperature SOEC conditions. The spectrum-splitting system also showed advantages in economic performance compared to non-splitting system on the levelized cost of hydrogen. This study provides guidance for the combination of solar spectrum splitting with hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 113611"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}