Solar Energy最新文献

{"title":"Fully chalcogenide transport layers enable efficient, stable FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells","authors":"Sanaa Ammari ,&nbsp;Mohamed Alla ,&nbsp;Naoufal Ennouhi ,&nbsp;Boubker Fares","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are now recognized as pivotal in photovoltaic research that combine high power conversion efficiency with cost-effective fabrication processes. However, commercial deployment of this technology is still hindered by the standard electron-transport material (ETM) TiO₂ and the hole-transport material (HTM) Spiro-OMeTAD, which suffer from stability, performance, and cost issues. In the present work, we use SCAPS-1D simulations to explore a wide range of alternative transport layers for FA-based FAPbI₃ devices. After validating our model by reproducing the 25.6 % efficiency of a TiO₂/Spiro-OMeTAD reference cell, we systematically evaluated a broad range of ETLs and HTLs and analysed their influence on device performance. The pairing of WS₂ as the electron transport layer and CuGaSe₂ (CGSe) as the hole transport layer emerged as the most effective combination, delivering better energy-level alignment, higher charge mobility, and lower recombination without altering the active layer. Once optimized, this WS₂/CGSe architecture increased the simulated power conversion efficiency to more than 26,55 %. Both materials can be deposited at low temperatures via scalable methods, underscoring their potential as stable, cost-effective transport layers for next-generation PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 113993"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of heated PV modules on soiling behavior and energy yield","authors":"Guido Willers ,&nbsp;Volker Naumann ,&nbsp;Said Elhamaoui ,&nbsp;Ralph Gottschalg ,&nbsp;Klemens Ilse","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soiling impairs the energy yield of photovoltaic systems, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The primary scientific focus is therefore on the development of efficient cleaning technologies. Complementarily, this work considers a strategy for mitigating soiling through smart heating of photovoltaic modules. The findings suggest that the combination of heated photovoltaic modules with favorable wind conditions can lead to a reduction in dust accumulation. This reduction has the maximum potential to generate an estimated solar energy gain of up to 0.064 kWh/m² per day. However, a comprehensive evaluation of laboratory tests and outdoor experiments conducted in Morocco reveals an overall negative energy balance of −0.24 kWh/m² per day. The heating system consumed more energy than it mitigated soiling-losses. The study demonstrated that low wind speeds of less than 2.7 m/s and unfavorable north wind directions are unsuitable for generating significant resuspension effects despite heating. Consequently, the economic viability of this technology remains uncertain under real-world conditions. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the limitations of the proposed mitigation strategy and identifies the reasons for the overall negative energy yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 114013"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, functionalization and photocatalytic applications of coal-derived carbonaceous materials","authors":"Yuanfeng Wu ,&nbsp;Yanan Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Su ,&nbsp;Guiyun Yi ,&nbsp;Shengbin Shi ,&nbsp;Huihui Zeng ,&nbsp;Baolin Xing ,&nbsp;Chuanxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Guomin Xiao ,&nbsp;Yulong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article comprehensively reviews the latest advancements in coal-derived carbonaceous materials for photocatalytic applications. Contemporary research advancements have revealed the potential of coal-derived substances (including coal tar and gangue minerals) as precursor materials for synthesizing high-efficiency photocatalytic composites. These photon-mediated redox systems demonstrate versatile applications across three principal domains including environmental remediation, energy conversion technologies (CO₂ photoconversion), and sophisticated organic synthesis processes. Modern materials engineering approaches employing advanced chemical functionalization and nanostructural modification techniques enable the transformation of carbonaceous matrices into hierarchically organized photocatalysts with optimized quantum yields and broad-spectrum responsiveness. This critical review provides a systematic analysis of fundamental mechanisms and contemporary developments in photocatalytic materials science, focusing on three key aspects: 1) Novel synthesis methods for coal-derived catalytic materials; 2) Performance optimization through crystalline defect engineering and heterostructure design; 3) Multiscale application mechanisms in integrated environmental-energy systems. Besides, the deep mechanism analysis confirmed by DFT calculations was also summarized. We further propose an integrative development paradigm combining resource circularity with sustainable manufacturing principles to advance next-generation photocatalyst innovation while promoting ecological transformation of traditional energy-intensive industries. The establishment of precise structure–activity correlations and the development of intelligent photocatalytic systems are highlighted as crucial research priorities for future technological breakthroughs in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 114002"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comparison of conventional and simple artificial neural network models for high-performance separation of global solar irradiance components at minutely resolution” [Sol. Energy 301 (2025) 113878]","authors":"Jose A. Ruiz-Arias ,&nbsp;Enrique Domínguez ,&nbsp;Christian A. Gueymard","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 114017"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-layer radiative cooling coating comprising a UV reflective layer and hollow TiO2","authors":"Mujia Feng ,&nbsp;Zhilin Xia ,&nbsp;Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Tu Zhou ,&nbsp;Huajun Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiative cooling is a passive cooling strategy that requires no external energy input. It can provide continuous cooling for buildings and reduce energy consumption. In this study, a double-layer radiative cooling coating (DHRC) was designed with a bilayer structure. Fluorocarbon resins were used as film-forming substances for the coatings. Hollow rutile TiO₂ and 200 nm diameter ZrO₂ were used as fillers in the lower and upper layers, respectively. The cooling coating exhibited excellent reflective radiation performance, with a solar reflectance (R_solar) of 92.9 % and an emissivity (ε_{8-13 μm}) of 95.13 %. In outdoor tests, the average and maximum temperature reductions relative to ambient conditions were 8.44 ℃ and 12.3 ℃, respectively. The water contact angle was 98°, and after 25 days of UV irradiation, the R_solar only decreased by 1.09 %. The cooling power calculated using MATLAB was 123.44 W∙m⁻², which was 22.45 W∙m⁻² more than that of the commercial cooling coating. The EnergyPlus building energy consumption simulation results showed that among 15 cities around the world, buildings using cooling paints achieved energy saving rates of more than 7 % in 10 cities. The results showed that the DHRC effectively reduced temperature, improved energy efficiency in buildings, and exhibited resistance to staining and aging. This coating provides new ideas for future research on the design and innovation of building cooling coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 113974"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DFT improving the optoelectronic and thermoelectric performance of Ba2SrXO6(X = Cr, Mo, W) for solar cell applications","authors":"A. Boufoud ,&nbsp;K. Elasri ,&nbsp;E. Darkaoui ,&nbsp;S. El asri ,&nbsp;S. Amraoui ,&nbsp;S. Mouslih ,&nbsp;S. Taj ,&nbsp;A. Abbassi ,&nbsp;B. Manaut ,&nbsp;A. Fahmi","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, We investigated stability, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of the double perovskite oxides Ba₂SrXO₆(X = Cr, Mo and W) are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) via the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, as implemented in the <em>WIEN2k</em> code. Structural optimization confirms the crystalline stability of all three compounds, supported by Goldschmidt tolerance factors, negative formation enthalpies, and elastic constants that satisfy Born’s stability criteria. Mechanical analysis reveals that Ba₂SrMoO₆ and Ba₂SrWO₆ exhibit ductile behavior, whereas Ba₂SrCrO₆ is more brittle. Electronic band structure calculations using the modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) potential indicate that all compounds are semiconductors with indirect band gaps. The found band gap for studied materials are <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>005</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>eV</mtext></mrow></math></span> for Ba₂SrCrO₆, <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>873</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>eV</mtext></mrow></math></span> for Ba₂SrWO₆ and <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>801</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>eV</mtext></mrow></math></span> for Ba₂SrMoO₆. The optical properties show strong absorption in the visible range for Ba₂SrCrO₆, while Ba₂SrMoO₆ and Ba₂SrWO₆ demonstrate significant optical activity in the ultraviolet region. The results obtained are supported by the calculated optical conductivity, reflectivity, dielectric function, and refractive index. Finally, thermoelectric calculations using <em>BoltzTraP</em> reveal that these materials particularly Ba₂SrCrO₆ exhibit a increased Seebeck coefficient and a promising figure of merit at high temperatures, highlighting their potential for thermal energy conversion applications, especially in Solar cells and thermoelectric devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 113988"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bias voltage application and light soaking on the performance of flexible perovskite photovoltaic modules","authors":"Yoshihiro Hishikawa ,&nbsp;Koki Azuma ,&nbsp;Kuujyo Tamura ,&nbsp;Tomohiko Hara ,&nbsp;Abdurashid Mavlonov ,&nbsp;Navapat Krobkrong ,&nbsp;Yu Kawano ,&nbsp;Takayuki Negami ,&nbsp;Takashi Minemoto","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.114009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise and quick performance measurement and power rating of Perovskite photovoltaic devices such as Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules (PSC modules) are essential for their industrialization. A major issue of their performance measurement is their gradual performance change under light soaking, which necessitates preconditioning by light soaking prior to measuring their stabilized performance such as the I–V curves. The present study investigated the preconditioning of flexible PSC modules. It was shown that application of forward bias voltage to the PSC modules in the dark for a short time of typically &lt;10 min. improves the performance of the modules such as the maximum output power P_max, which is virtually the same effect as the light soaking. When a forward bias voltage was applied in the dark, increase in the performance parameters such as the maximum output power P_max was observed. It was found that the magnitude and rate of the increase were nearly the same as those of the light soaking at 1 kW/m², when the forward bias voltage equal to the open circuit voltage V_oc at the same irradiance was applied in the dark. The present results clarified that preconditioning without light soaking is possible, and showed that the photo-generate voltage rather than the light itself plays an important role in the increase in P_max by the light soaking. It also offered the possibility to improve the productivity of the performance measurement of PSC modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 114009"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of floating and ground-mounted photovoltaic systems: An experimental study","authors":"Nitin Kumar ,&nbsp;Rupendra Kumar Pachauri ,&nbsp;Piyush Kuchhal ,&nbsp;Khadiza Akter ,&nbsp;Majed A. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Hasmat Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of photovoltaic technology has driven the need for innovative system configuration to enhance the energy generation. Floating photovoltaic systems (FPV) has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional ground mounted (GPV) installations. This study presents a comprehensive experimental seasonal analysis to comparing the performance of floating and ground mounted systems with a specific focus on tilt angle optimization to enhance the energy generation. Each system is arranged at five different tilt angle such as 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°. This work is conducting under real environment conditions, where both systems is subjected to identical environmental parameters such as solar irradiance, ambient temperature, module temperature, humidity and wind speed. The influence of water cooling in floating system is evaluating as a critical factor affecting temperature related efficiency. The findings revel that FPV modules exhibited consistently lower temperatures than GPV modules during the test, with a maximum temperature differential of 4.2 °C observed at a 25° tilt angle between the FPV and GPV systems. Specifically, at a 25° tilt angle, FPV modules achieved an average power of 4.44 W compared to 4.02 W for GPV, with module temperatures averaging 26.01 °C for FPV and 28.38 °C for GPV. The test results validated that FPV systems generated the most energy at a 25° tilt angle during the test period. The study underscores the importance of system specific tilt angle optimization to enhance the performance of PV installations. This work contributes to achieving Sustainable Development Goal SDG 7 by promoting affordable, clean, and sustainable energy solutions. In this study, FPV is found to be a more financially viable and sustainable option compared to GPV. FPV offers a higher initial investment of ₹1,05,50,000, but demonstrates superior performance with an energy yield of 1812 kWh/kW, a better performance ratio of 0.86 compared to 0.81 for GPV, and a shorter payback period of 10.86 years compared to 11.64 years for GPV. These advantages make FPV a more attractive option for long-term energy generation and financial sustainability. SDG 7, established by the United Nations in September 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, aims to ensure universal access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy, while significantly increasing renewable energy share and enhancing energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 113989"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved satellite-based estimation of direct normal solar irradiance using clearness index with deep learning methods","authors":"Shanlin Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Jing ,&nbsp;Mengying Li ,&nbsp;Hiu Hung Lee ,&nbsp;Siqi Bu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the capacity addition of solar energy systems continues to increase, solar resource assessment is necessary in supporting the feasibility study. This can reduce associated risks of solar energy projects and improve their reliability. Considering the scarcity of on-site measurements, satellite-based irradiance retrievals with high temporal resolutions (i.e., 5-min) have been extensively used as an alternative in solar resource assessment. However, satellite-to-irradiance algorithms, either physical or statistical, focus more on the global horizontal irradiance. The direct normal irradiance (DNI) in most satellite-derived irradiance products is associated with more uncertainties because of its high sensitivity to the atmosphere. To further improve the accuracy in end-to-end satellite-based 5-min DNI estimations, the clearness index based on extraterrestrial solar irradiance is proposed as the target in deep learning satellite-to-DNI models with images of eight selected spectral bands. The results show that clearness index can better account for attenuation effects of the atmosphere, and thus the DNI estimations are associated with lower uncertainties. The use of clearness index offers additional advantages on computing extraterrestrial solar irradiance and pre-processing 5-min spectral satellite data, which is beneficial for large-scale applications. Although the satellite-to-DNI estimation shows high errors under clear-sky condition at some stations, and more efforts are still required in better extracting the atmospheric information (e.g., clouds and aerosols) from satellite images, especially at low solar elevations, the clearness index provides a new perspective in 5-min satellite-to-DNI retrievals with reduced uncertainties. This is beneficial to the reliability in designing solar energy projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 113991"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of efficient dual-junction all-inorganic perovskite tandem cells via SCAPS-1D","authors":"Jothika Balasubramaniyan ,&nbsp;Thangaraji Vasudevan ,&nbsp;Govindaraj Rajamanickam ,&nbsp;Lung-Chien Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation delivers a detailed SCAPS-1D simulation of all-inorganic, tandem-inspired perovskite solar cells (PSC) utilizing a two-layer absorber configuration. The device configuration FTO/TiO₂/CsPbI₃/CsSnI₃ was evaluated in the presence and absence of a hole transport layer (HTL), using various back contact materials such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), carbon, and CZTS. CsPbI₃ (wide bandgap) functions as the top absorber, while CsSnI₃ (narrow bandgap) serves as the bottom absorber, allowing strong light harvesting over a wide spectral range. A high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 33.75% was attained in the HTL-free configuration. Additionally, replacing conventional metal electrodes with cost-effective, sustainable CZTS maintained excellent device performance. These results demonstrate that efficient energy band alignment and charge transport are achievable without organic HTLs, simplifying the device structure while maintaining high efficiency. This work underscores the potential of all-inorganic, tandem-inspired perovskite architectures for scalable, efficient, and eco-friendly photovoltaic technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 113976"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}