Solar Energy最新文献

{"title":"The Structural, stability, electronic and optoelectronics properties of Y2AgBiX6 (Y = K, Na, li; X = I, Br, Cl) halide double Perovskites: A First-Principles study","authors":"Xinfeng Diao ,&nbsp;Yanlin Tang ,&nbsp;Qinzhong Gu ,&nbsp;Yebai Shi ,&nbsp;Ping Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The crystal structure, electronic and optoelectronic properties of halide double perovskites Y₂AgBiX₆ (Y = K, Na, Li; X = I, Br, Cl) have been studied by first principles (FPs) in this paper. According to the elastic modulus and formation energy of crystal Li₂AgBiX₆, its structural stability is poor. In addition, the dependence of their electronic and mechanical properties, the effective mass of carriers and light absorption on elemental composition has been analyzed, and it is inferred that these materials have good electron transport properties. The photovoltaic characteristics of halide perovskite materials (PMs) based on potassium and sodium are studied. The photovoltaic properties of perovskite films with thickness of 1 μm, 5 μm and 10 μm were further analyzed, and it was found that the absorption was the highest when the film thickness was 10 μm. The current–voltage curve of the solar cell with above perovskite as absorbing material is calculated and analyzed by first principles. The result shows that Na₂AgBiBr₆, Na₂AgBiCl₆, K₂AgBiI₆ and K₂AgBiCl₆ are predicted to have excellent photovoltaic properties. Compared to other commonly used PMs, perovskite Y₂AgBiX₆ (Y = K, Na, Li; X = I, Br, Cl) has a smaller effective mass, which may contribute to good carrier transport and high performance of its optoelectronic devices. The absorption curves of K₂AgBiBr₆, K₂AgBiCl₆, Na₂AgBiBr₆, Li₂AgBiBr₆, and Li₂AgBiCl₆ matched well with the spectral irradiance of AM 1.5. Taken together, K₂AgBiBr₆ and Na₂AgBiBr₆ are the most suitable candidates for solar cell absorption layers because of their appropriate band gap and good stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111914"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47320340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermionic enhanced solar thermoradiative-photovoltaic conversion","authors":"Yikang Chen,&nbsp;Guanghua Zheng,&nbsp;Guanshi Zou,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Ning Ding,&nbsp;Jiangrong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar thermoradiative-photovoltaic (TR-PV) conversion is a promising power generation technique due to its flexible architecture. However, the TR-PV converter transforms energy from heat to electrons, then photons, and ultimately back to electrons, resulting in irreversible interconversion losses. This paper attempts to present a novel concept of solar thermionic intermediated thermoradiative-photovoltaic (TRTI-PV) conversion. Thermoradiative photons, as well as thermionic electrons are released and involved between the TR and PV ends, minimizing the irreversible loss of the electron-photon transition. A detailed thermodynamic model in which the nonradiative losses are taken into account is established for solar TRTI-PV conversion. The results demonstrate that the thermionic emission dominates the solar TRTI-PV conversion, with mutual restriction between the TR and PV components. The output power of the TRTI-PV converter rises to 35.54 W/cm² at thermoradiative and photovoltaic bandgaps of 0.3 eV and 0.2 eV, respectively, despite the TR and PV component outputs being 1.67 W/cm² and 3.63 W/cm² respectively, substantially lower than those in TR-PVs. The TRTI-PV converter obtains a solar conversion efficiency of roughly 34.78% at a concentration ratio of 1000, which is 3.24 times that of a single TR-PV converter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46123029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the performance of a greenhouse dryer with natural dolomite powder-embedded latent heat thermal energy storage unit and air-to-air heat recovery system","authors":"Fatih Selimefendigil ,&nbsp;Ceylin Şirin","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Greenhouse drying systems (GDSs) are grouped in direct-type solar dryers and are widely utilised because of their easy applicability, high product drying capacity and cost-effectiveness. In the present work, it is aimed to improve the drying performance of a GDS by using natural dolomite powder-embedded latent heat thermal energy storage unit (LHTESU) and air-to-air heat recovery system (HRS). In this context, three different types of GDSs have been designed and manufactured including a GDS with paraffin-based LHTESU, a GDS with natural dolomite powder-embedded LHTESU and a HRS-assisted GDS with natural dolomite powder-embedded LHTESU. Designed and manufactured GDSs have been experimentally analysed under the same environmental conditions. According to the experimentally achieved findings, combined utilisation of HRS and dolomite powder in the LHTESU reduced the drying time approximately as 36.36%. Moreover, highest instantaneous outlet air temperature was achieved as 51.4 °C in the system that used natural dolomite-embedded LHTESU and HRS. The exergetic efficiency of the GDS was upgraded as 46.21% by using the mentioned modifications in comparison to the base case (the system contains only paraffin-based LHTESU). In addition, specific moisture extraction rate for the analysed GDSs was attained between 0.96 and 1.52 kg.kWh⁻¹.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111881"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoenviroeconomic performance augmentation of solar desalination unit integrated with wick, nanofluid, and different nano-based energy storage materials","authors":"Swellam W. Sharshir ,&nbsp;M.A. Omara ,&nbsp;Abanob Joseph ,&nbsp;A.W. Kandeal ,&nbsp;Ashraf Mimi Elsaid ,&nbsp;Emad M.S. El-Said ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Alatawi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Elashmawy ,&nbsp;Gamal B. Abdelaziz","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current paper introduces conducted efforts to augment the thermo-enviroeconomic characteristics of a hemispherical solar still (HSS) incorporating various improvements. These proposed modifications were applied to the HSS in sequence and each case was tested and compared to another ordinary HSS. In the first stage, corrugated copper covered with black cotton fabric was used as absorber and paraffin wax, used as phase change material (PCM), was filled under the absorber. Then, the second stage was tested using the same design but with sheep fat instead of the paraffin wax. In the third stage, graphite nanofluid was used in the basin of the previous design. Finally, the pure sheep fat was replaced with nano-based one by dispersing graphite nanoparticles in the sheep fat. Taking the experimental data as independent parameters, the thermo-enviroecomonic indicators were calculated. The daily yield augmentation ratios were 43 %, 59.77 %, 78.77 %, and 95.2 %, for the four cases, respectively. The best thermos-economic performance was reached using the final case as it had thermal and exergy efficiencies of 61.7 % and 5.8 %, likewise, equivalent improvements by 94.76 %, and 110.1 %. Furthermore, the freshwater price was decreased to 0.0106 $/L referring to a cost reduction of 33.90 %. Moreover, the environmental analysis resulted a 6.27-ton CO₂/year reduction in CO₂ emission, which refers to a cost of 90.89 $/year.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111896"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45969753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraseasonal and synoptic modulation of diurnal surface solar radiation over Reunion island in the South-West Indian Ocean","authors":"Chao Tang ,&nbsp;Pauline Mialhe ,&nbsp;Benjamin Pohl ,&nbsp;Béatrice Morel ,&nbsp;Martin Wild ,&nbsp;Shunya Koseki ,&nbsp;Babatunde Abiodun ,&nbsp;Miloud Bessafi ,&nbsp;Chris Lennard ,&nbsp;Girish Kumar Beeharry ,&nbsp;Roddy Lollchund ,&nbsp;Tyagaraja S.M. Cunden ,&nbsp;Swati Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the space-time variability of Surface Solar Radiation (SSR) is mandatory for the prediction and, eventually, the skillful forecasting of photovoltaic energy production. This paper addresses the modulation of local-scale SSR over Reunion, a tropical island in the South-West Indian Ocean, by the leading modes of climate variability influencing both regional-scale and local-scale atmospheric convection and its associated cloud cover. Analyses focus on synoptic (tropical cyclones [TCs], synoptic convective regimes, including Tropical-Temperate Troughs [TTTs]) and intraseasonal (Madden-Julian Oscillation [MJO]) timescales. The SSR intra-daily variability is first assessed by a diurnal classification of SARAH-E satellite SSR data, and it is then related to the climate conditions mentioned above. SSR anomalies are found larger (smaller) on the windward (leeward) side of Reunion and in the summer (winter) season. The island-scale “cloudy” conditions can typically last 1 or 2 days. Nearby TCs can strongly reduce SSR by up to 50% on average, depending on their distances from Reunion, their sizes, and particularly, their longitudinal positions, which is observed for the first time. Nearby TCs are associated with significant negative SSR anomaly when located west of Reunion but with less significant or even positive anomaly when located east of the island. Synoptic convective regimes (the intraseasonal MJO) have a relatively weaker impact on SSR, with a value up to 13% (5%) of the mean value. Potential interactions between these SSR modulators are also investigated to understand better and eventually predict the mechanisms likely to modulate SSR (and thus photovoltaic electricity production) at sub-seasonal timescales.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111856"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X23004899/pdfft?md5=15b06ff06a9d619fba227f3833abf8b8&pid=1-s2.0-S0038092X23004899-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45748880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on Cr incorporation to enhance performance of CZTSSe solar cells via optimizing selenization condition","authors":"Meiling Ma ,&nbsp;Yingrui Sui ,&nbsp;Tianyue Wang ,&nbsp;Chang Miao ,&nbsp;Zhanwu Wang ,&nbsp;Lili Yang ,&nbsp;Fengyou Wang ,&nbsp;Huilian Liu ,&nbsp;Meina Yang ,&nbsp;Bin Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Annealing Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) precursor films in selenium atmosphere has been demonstrated to be an available means to enhance the quality of Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄<span> (CZTSSe) absorber. Therefore, it is important to further explore the selenization conditions during annealing. Herein, Cr-doped CZTSSe absorber was synthesized using solution-processed, and the effects of different selenization conditions on the morphology, structure and photoelectrical performances of Cr-doped CZTSSe thin films<span> were investigated firstly. Research shows that morphology of CCZTSSe films was greatly affected by different selenization conditions. By optimizing the selenization conditions, the crystallinity of CCZTSSe absorber was significantly optimized, and the compactness of the absorber was improved. It was further confirmed that the band gap of CCZTSSe absorber can be adjusted via changing the annealing conditions. The CCZTSSe under the optimum selenization conditions showed a better constituent composition, which further inhibited the harmful defects level of Cu</span></span>_Zn and [2Cu_Zn + Sn_Zn] in the absorber. Finally, the Cr-doped CZTSSe device at optimum selenidation condition of 520 ℃ for 15 min showed the best conversion efficiency of 5.86 %, in which V_OC is 394 mV and FF is 54.07 %, respectively. A new strategy for high efficiency Cr-doped CZTSSe solar cells was proposed by optimizing selenization conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48765738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composites (LiCl + CH3COONa)/ACF/SiO2 for multicyclic adsorption-based atmospheric water harvesting","authors":"Xu Zheng,&nbsp;Shengnan Wang,&nbsp;Tinghao Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) offers an accessible method for fresh water harvesting. Rapid adsorption–desorption kinetics and mass production of adsorbents are core to realizing high water productivity. SAWH systems using composite adsorbent composted of activated carbon fiber, silica gel and LiCl can obtain high daily water productivity (3.9 ∼ 7.7 L</span>_water day⁻¹). However, daily water productivity per unit mass of adsorbent (∼0.4 L_water kg_adsorbent^-1 day⁻¹<span>) is inferior since the strong hygroscopicity of LiCl is like a double-edged sword. A combination of binary salts (LiCl + CH</span>₃<span>COONa) might be a way to improve daily water productivity per unit mass of adsorbent for a rapid-cycling water harvester. In this study, composite samples modified with different ratios of binary salts were prepared. Water uptakes of binary samples were inferior to the LiCl modified sample, whereas the adsorption rate and desorption rate increased by 31% and 155% respectively, with proper proportion of binary salts. Water releases of binary samples improved by 34%∼69% in a 180 mins’ adsorption–desorption cycle under different adsorption/desorption time ratios. Potential daily water productivity of the optimal binary sample can be up to 3.5 L</span>_water kg_adsorbent^-1 day⁻¹ (adsorption at 25 °C&amp;70 %RH and desorption at 70 °C &amp;10 %RH) in an eight times cycles per day. Considering a system efficiency of 20 ∼ 30%, SAWH using this binary sample can still achieve pretty good daily water productivity. This method offers a promising route to develop high-performance materials in kilogram scale for multicyclic SAWH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111919"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47053686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of hybrid solar-thermal multi-chamber dryer integrated with desiccant dehumidifier for uniform drying","authors":"Ali A. Gitan ,&nbsp;Hussain H. Al-Kayiem","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Dried food industry consumes a significant amount of energy which requires more attention to renewable energy resources. Non-uniform solar drying has been deemed a drawback of solar dryer </span>commercialization<span> due to low-quality products influenced by the sun's off hours. Drying uniformity may be enhanced by using the hybrid solar-thermal technique that provides uniform operation conditions. The present work aims to evaluate the hybrid solar-thermal dryer that uses a desiccant dehumidifier based on the uniformity of process air temperature and humidity. The desiccant regeneration process has been assessed based on the temperature and humidity of the regeneration air. Power saving due to hybrid technique usage has been analyzed. The drying process has been conducted using 5 kg of red chili. The rehydration ratio of the product has been tested as an indication of product quality which is a key parameter for dryer performance. The results revealed that the process air at the drying cabinet inlet has a 95% relative thermal uniformity with a 0.95 standard deviation in </span></span>absolute humidity. The hybrid technique has helped to achieve around 67% power saving while only 22% of power has been held when operating with solar mode. In comparison to other techniques the current hybrid dryer showed better product quality. The current results could develop the solar drying industry in terms of homogeneous quality-product.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111880"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46168971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SiOx/polysilicon selective emitter prepared by PECVD-deposited amorphous silicon plus one-step firing enabling excellent J0,met of < 235 fA/cm2 and ρc of < 2 mΩ·cm2","authors":"Mingjing Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhenhai Yang ,&nbsp;Zunke Liu ,&nbsp;Haojiang Du ,&nbsp;Na Lin ,&nbsp;He Wei ,&nbsp;Haiyang Xing ,&nbsp;Qinqin Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Mingdun Liao ,&nbsp;Baojie Yan ,&nbsp;Yude Wang ,&nbsp;Yuheng Zeng ,&nbsp;Jichun Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Boron(B)-doped polysilicon (poly-Si) is the key element to achieve high efficiency and low-cost bifacial tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) silicon solar cells. In this work, we explore the feasibility of using a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system to prepare the high-performance poly-Si fingers as selective emitters (poly-finger SE) through depositing nano SiOx and B-doped amorphous silicon plus one-step annealing process. It is found that the poly-finger SE not only reduces the recombination current density under metal contacts (<em>J</em>_0,met) from ∼ 1300 fA/cm² to ∼ 230 fA/cm², while maintaining a low contact resistivity (<em>ρ</em>_c) of ∼ 1.6 mΩ·cm². Additionally, numerical simulations indicate that n-type Si solar cells with poly-finger SE can achieve a high efficiency of 25.36% based on the most advanced device manufacturing technology and the above-mentioned passivation and contact performances. The open-circuit voltage (<em>V</em>_oc) increased by 11.1 mV and 4.8 mV compared to controlled and laser SE TOPCon solar cells, manifesting the efficiency increase of 0.39% and 0.20%. Overall, this work presents a new method to enhance the efficiency of TOPCon devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111887"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41918308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evacuated tube collector based solar drying of pre-treated okra (Abelmoschus esculentus): Analysis of thermal performance, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and functional properties","authors":"Dhiraj Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Vinkel Kumar Arora,&nbsp;Anupama Singh,&nbsp;Santanu Malakar,&nbsp;T. Manonmani","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.111890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Okra (<em>Abelmoschus esculentus</em>) is a good source of micronutrients and a highly perishable vegetable crop. The okra pods were dried in an evacuated tube collector-based novel solar drying system, i.e. an evacuated tube solar dryer with heat pipe (ETSD_HP), and evacuated tube solar dryer without heat pipe (ETSD_WHP) and sun drying. The okra was pre-treated at different temperatures prior to drying, and the thermal profiling, moisture diffusivity, and retention of quality attributes were investigated and compared. The highest moisture diffusivity was found in the sample pre-treated at 80 °C and dried in ETSD_HP. The results show that Total Phenolic Content (TPC), 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) content increased across all drying techniques, while the Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) content were decreased. The bioactive compounds, namely TPC and TFC retention, were maximum for okra dried in ETSD_HP. The maximum retention of chlorophyll content (76.70 to 93.20%), vitamin C (73.84 to 93.73%), and minimum color changes (7.70 to 13.48) were observed for the all the sample dried in ETSD_WHP. The pre-treatment temperature of 80 °C was found to be appropriate for the maximum retention of quality attributes of okra. FTIR analysis identified functional groups of active compounds in dried okra for all the drying methods. Therefore, both the ETSD_HP and ETSD_WHP techniques are<!--> <!-->appropriate to retain the bioactive compounds and functional properties of okra as compared to Sun drying. ETSD_HP is recommended for increased moisture diffusion with maximum retention of bioactive compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111890"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43141410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}