Sensors and Actuators Reports最新文献

{"title":"Size-controlled synthesis of cobalt phosphide (Co2P) nanoparticles and their application in non-enzymatic glucose sensors via a carbon fiber/Co2P composite","authors":"Tania P. Brito ,&nbsp;Nicole Butto-Miranda ,&nbsp;Andrónico Neira-Carrillo ,&nbsp;Claudia Yáñez ,&nbsp;Soledad Bollo ,&nbsp;Domingo Ruíz-León","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we synthesized Co₂P nanoparticles using a solid-state phosphorization method and evaluated the electrocatalytic response to glucose oxidation reaction (GORs). The influence of synthesis conditions on the particle size, morphology of Co₂P species and formation of byproducts is discussed. A lower molar ratio of the phosphorus precursor leads to a decrease in the generation of byproducts. In addition, the calcination temperature and time greatly influence the purity level of the Co₂P species and its particle size. Thus, we obtained three pure Co₂P nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies. Significant differences in their electrocatalytic activity against the GOR are observed depending on the size of the particles, being the smaller ones the most efficient. Based on Tafel analysis, a higher catalytic activity was observed for the carbon fibre (CF)/Co₂P composite compared to Co₂P, which presented a greater onset potential and low response in current density. Tafel slopes close to 120 mV/dec were obtained for both materials, indicating that the mechanism is independent of the type of Co₂P-based material used. Finally, the performance of the GCE/CF/Co₂P sensor was demonstrated by amperometric measurements, with a sensitivity of 409 µAmM^-1cm^-2, a linear range between 39.4 µM and 150 µM, and a detection limit of 0.97 µM, analytical characteristics better than those obtained for other cobalt phosphide-based sensors reported in the literature. In addition, the GCE/CF/Co₂P sensor shows excellent selectivity and demonstrated to be competitive compared to other Co-based non-enzymatic glucose sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000511/pdfft?md5=05f50d90c27d250e05ba6544e577c123&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000511-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of screen-printed electrodes with long-term stability for voltammetric and potentiometric applications","authors":"Seongjun Hong ,&nbsp;Sebin Oh ,&nbsp;Eunhyeong Kim ,&nbsp;Eunchul Park ,&nbsp;Hyen Chung Chun ,&nbsp;In Tae Kim ,&nbsp;Yang-Rae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ensuring the long-term stability of screen-printed (SP) reference electrodes (REs) is increasingly essential because a major technical challenge in fabricating electrochemical sensors using screen printing is preparing an RE with a stable potential as it scales down in size. In this study, we fabricated SP electrodes that exhibit long-term stability in voltammetric and potentiometric experiments. The SP electrodes consisted of carbon working electrodes, a carbon counter electrode, an Ag/AgCl RE, and an ion-selective electrode (ISE) for detecting nitrate ions. The Ag/AgCl RE featured an electrolyte layer, a hydrophobic junction layer, and a small hole, collectively contributing to its long-term stability. This design achieved potential stability with minimal drift over extended periods in both 0.01 M PBS (pH 7.4) and 0.1 M Bis-tris (pH 6.5) buffer solutions. Additionally, the SP Ag/AgCl RE exhibited relatively low potential drift in the presence of various chemicals and different pH solutions. We analyzed the electrochemical behavior of two redox species, Fe(CN)₆^3-/4− and Ru(NH₃)₆^2+/3+, using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques at the SP electrodes. Potentiometric experiments confirmed the sensitivity, long-term stability, and selectivity of the SP ISE for nitrate ion detection, even in the presence of interfering ions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266605392400050X/pdfft?md5=ff655438ef328bf9f4a1d6b4c540ab25&pid=1-s2.0-S266605392400050X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced fiber optic sensors for quantitative nitrite detection: Comparative analysis of plasmonic tilted fiber Bragg gratings and fiber optic tips with ion-imprinted polymers","authors":"Xuecheng Liu ,&nbsp;Ragini Singh ,&nbsp;Bingyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Christophe Caucheteur ,&nbsp;Nuno Santos ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Jan Nedoma ,&nbsp;Carlos Marques","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of nitrite, a prevalent contaminant in natural environments, presents a significant environmental and human health concern. Hence, it is imperative to develop a sensor with the ability to quantitatively detect nitrite. This study focuses on the design and development of i) probe 1: tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) and ii) probe 2: fiber optic tip-based plasmonic sensors utilizing ion-imprinted polymers. The concentration of nitrite was assessed at various levels using both sensing configurations. The outcomes indicated that the TFBGs-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.469 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.142 μg/mL in the linear detection range of 0.5–50 μg/mL. The fiber optic tip-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity and LOD of 1.16 nm/ln(μg/mL) and 0.176 μg/mL within the 1–50 μg/mL linear detection range. The obtained sensing results reveal that the sensors presented in this study are able to accurately detect nitrite at various concentrations in a quantitative manner. Moreover, an assessment was conducted to examine the selectivity and reusability of the sensor individually, yielding satisfactory results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000493/pdfft?md5=efa8aaf2eabaefd73fdc48b1e1c834ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000493-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High electrochemical performance of glucose detection based on tapered gold nanostructures and MXene layers","authors":"Xianglong Bian ,&nbsp;Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Yingfei Zeng ,&nbsp;Tao Yang ,&nbsp;Qianfeng Xia ,&nbsp;Tingwei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes disease caused by hyperglycemia has many complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and visual impairment. Effective and stable platform of enzyme-free glucose detection is significant important for the monitoring of diabetes disease. In this work, uniform single MXene layers were fabricated with large scale through HCl/LiF etching and tapered gold nanostructures (AuTNs) was electrodeposited on the MXene layers. The AuTNs with three-dimensional conical apex on the MXene layers can effectively increase the specific surface ratio and active sites. The composite materials of AuTNs and MXene layers assembled on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can significantly increase the electrochemical performance during glucose detection. The modified electrode of AuTNs/MXene/GCE shows good linearity from 0.1 nM to 10.0 mM, low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.43 nM and fast response time of 1.0 s, exhibiting high sensitivity, good stability and high selectivity for glucose during electrochemical detection. The high performance of the modified electrode provides promising potential application in enzyme-free sensor for the electrochemical detection of glucose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000481/pdfft?md5=24c31065ad09ebad44def61d15f36b08&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000481-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal oxidation CuO nanowire gas sensor for ozone detection applications","authors":"Li-Tsen Lai ,&nbsp;Han-Ting Hsueh ,&nbsp;Chi-Hung Chiu ,&nbsp;Tsung-Chieh Cheng ,&nbsp;Shoou-Jinn Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, cupric oxide nanowires (CuO NWs) on patterned interdigitated electrodes (PIEs) used as ozone (O₃) gas sensors, were successfully fabricated using thermal oxidation and the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technique. After the thermal oxidation process, CuO NWs with different heights and densities were fabricated using a pure copper seed layer with a thickness ranging from 0.5 μm to 2 μm. In this experiment, a low temperature, low concentration, and repeatable CuO NWs gas sensor was fabricated, which can detect O₃ gas at a low concentration of 50 ppb and low temperature of 100°C with a high sensor response (40%). The concentration response of this gas sensor shows an increasing linear trend, with an increase of O₃ concentration in the range of 50 ppb - 300 ppb. Additionally, the results indicated that this CuO NWs gas sensor is more selective for O₃ than CO, CO₂, C₂H₅OH, C₃H₆O, NO₂, or NH₃. While CuO has been less studied in O₃ detection compared with other semiconducting metal oxide materials, CuO NWs show potential applications in gas sensing devices for low-temperature and low-concentration O₃ environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000444/pdfft?md5=ab9ecac51bdeb8139f5d6975bc3bef60&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000444-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-adaptive model for sensing total phosphorus in natural water bodies using Fourier transform mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy","authors":"Shuailin Zheng ,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhou ,&nbsp;Fei Ma ,&nbsp;Changwen Du","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the most economically developed area in China, the environmental water quality of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has received extensive attention, and the spatial variations of total phosphorus (TP) in the Greater Bay were significant, conventional laboratory analysis is difficult to meet the requirements of TP monitoring due to time and cost consuming, and Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) technology, combined with the self-adaptive partial least squares (SA-PLS) model, was used to determine the TP concentration. The results showed that P-O vibrations were observed in the wavenumber range of 1200–900 cm⁻¹, and prediction models were established by using this range. For the conventional partial least squares (PLS) model, the <em>R</em>², <em>RMSE</em> and <em>RPD</em> were 0.817, 0.022 mg L⁻¹ and 2.335, respectively, while for the SA-PLS model the prediction was improved with the values of 0.965, 0.010 mg L⁻¹, 5.296, respectively, and the SA-PLS mode prediction was satisfied when the TP content in water was more than 0.05 mg L⁻¹. It was found that the TP determination was interfered by sulfate, when the sulfate content was &lt; 100 mg L⁻¹, both SA-PLS and the conventional PLS model could be used for quantitative analysis of TP; when sulfate content was &gt; 100 mg L⁻¹, PLS model could not be used while the SA-PLS model still achieved an excellent prediction. Therefore, FTIR-ATR combined with SA-PLS model can rapidly determine TP in water, providing an alternative strategy for monitoring TP in natural water bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000468/pdfft?md5=8f4d5a932a4619b1c7cc37945f0d8300&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of wearable glucose biosensors: A systematic review on the prospects of mutarotase","authors":"Saminu Abdullahi ,&nbsp;Zhu Yang ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ishag Hassan Gama ,&nbsp;Marwa Omer Mohammed Omer ,&nbsp;Qilin Wang ,&nbsp;Abdulhadi Yakubu ,&nbsp;Zedong Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wearable glucose biosensors (WGBs) face significant challenges due to pH, temperature, and skin pollutants affecting glucose detection accuracy by disrupting D-glucose anomeric equilibrium. Although mutarotase (MUT) has historically addressed these challenges, recent research attention on MUT is limited. This systematic review evaluates the performance of biosensors utilizing MUT for enhanced glucose detection. Comprehensive searches across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 1,603 studies, of which 13 met PRISMA standards and were selected. Data were extracted and synthesized using pre-designed forms, with results presented through charts and tables. The reviewed studies did not provide clear data about the influence of MUT on the limit of detection (LOD). However, glucose biosensors incorporating MUT demonstrated sensitivity across a broad linear detection range, potentially eliminating the need for sample dilution in some instances. MUT also ensures a more accurate representation of total glucose levels in a sample, achieving complete glucose recovery (100 %) in 6 s in amperometric experiments and within 3-4 min in colorimetric, luminometric, polarimetric, and spectrophotometric studies. Despite stability concerns in 8 % of the studies, MUT proved effective across various pH (5.0–8.5) and temperature (20—37 <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></math></span>C) ranges. These results highlight the potential of MUT in advancing glucose wearable biosensing technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266605392400047X/pdfft?md5=460e3bc39b854a0aad0ff6b28b7814ad&pid=1-s2.0-S266605392400047X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ultrasensitive fluorescence sensing platform for HCV detection based on the T7 isothermal amplification combined with aggregation-induced emission luminogens strategy","authors":"Wuxiu Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinchao Li ,&nbsp;Linhai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatitis C virus infection constitutes a significant global public health concern. Fluorescence technique (FL) is a promising biosensor, however, many conventional dyes exhibit reduced fluorescence or no emission at high concentrations. To break through this shackle, an ultrasensitive AIE-based (aggregation-induced emission) FL sensing platform was developed for HCV detection by using the <u>F</u>LRNAs-based <u>T</u>7 isothermal transcription <u>a</u>mplification <u>R</u>NA diagnosis combined with AIE luminogens (FTAR) strategy. In the FTAR strategy, the T7 transcription amplification process was responsible for the recognition of the target HCV and produced Pepper aptamer, which could form aggregates of nanoparticles with the HBC, an AIEgen, to produce high-intensity FL. The multi-integrated signal amplification strategy led to ultrasensitivity. Moreover, under the optimal experimental conditions, HCV could be assayed in the range of 100aM-100pM. The proposed strategy has been successfully applied in detecting HCV in clinical samples. In summary, this research was the first to utilize aptamer restriction of AIEgens internal rotation to achieve aggregation-induced emission and presented the successful development of a specific, sensitive and rapid FTAR assay for HCV diagnosis. The proposed FTAR platform with facile operation, short analysis time, low-cost as well as excellent quantification ability could provide a promising tool for point-of-care testing (POCT).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000456/pdfft?md5=db11efcce0e3fb68a9ed44593ab450db&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000456-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex vivo liquid core fiber photometry with high-resolution 3D printing","authors":"Yu Chang ,&nbsp;Can Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Du","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High resolution 3D printing emerges as an alternative to microfabrication due to its fine resolution along with one-step manufacturing. Thus, it is broadly used in many fields, such as biological and chemical applications. We introduce such a technique to the design of the optofluidic probe by integrating optics and microfluidics as an ex vivo liquid core fiber photometry. We build the optofluidic probes with various T-shapes and conduct the transmission measurements and the ray tracing simulations, where the results are comparable. Through the transmission and fluorescence measurements, we obtain optimized curl T-shape dimensions of 524 µm wide, ∼50 µm thick, and 350 µm long with longitudinal spaces between them of 260 um. Furthermore, a heightened level of complexity in structure, characterized by a feature size of 25 µm, is attained through the improvement process. We conclude the feasibility of this optofluidic system with two applications: the in vivo-like setting consisting of thyroid biopsy training phantom and human plasma and the ex vivo-like setting consisting of the mice brain slices stained with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). This prototype is an important step of establishing a 3D printing optofluidic applications for various in vivo research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000432/pdfft?md5=7ddbc188d7737ca52f35c36891b6c873&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000432-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore sensing and beyond: Electrochemical systems for optically-coupled single-entity studies, stimulus-responsive gating applications, and point-of-care sensors","authors":"Julius Reitemeier ,&nbsp;Jarek Metro ,&nbsp;Kaiyu X. Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanopores play essential roles in biological processes, such as ion channels and pumps in cellular membranes, and in technological applications such as DNA sequencing. Advancements in nanofabrication techniques have enabled the routine integration of nanopores into solid-state devices, resulting in a plethora of analytical applications. This review explores recent developments in nanopore-enabled electrochemical systems, which have transcended traditional resistive pulse sensing to offer novel capabilities in single-entity studies, stimulus-responsive gating, and point-of-care diagnostics. We highlight recent studies on the design and utility of nanopore electrode arrays, which serve as nanocontainers capable of isolating and analyzing single entities, and extend the discussion to hierarchically organized, stimulus-responsive systems that regulate species transport across nanopores, enriching analytes for ultrasensitive detection. In addition, we review the utilization of probe-assisted nanopore sensing, demonstrating its efficacy in selectively binding and detecting target molecules and ions. Finally, we outline future directions for nanopore-based systems to enhance robustness, achieve high-throughput analysis, and incorporate artificial intelligence for materials design and data analysis, promising transformative impacts on diagnostics and biological research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000419/pdfft?md5=4992c1248dbbf3e58110701b170b193f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000419-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}