Sensors and Actuators Reports最新文献

{"title":"Argonaute-based dual lateral flow test for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza a virus","authors":"Xingyu Ye ,&nbsp;Zhonglei Li ,&nbsp;Zhengwei Fang ,&nbsp;Nan Shen ,&nbsp;Yani Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanming Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanjie Zhou ,&nbsp;Shanshan Fan ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Yue Zhong ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lateral flow test (LFT) is crucial for community screening and early warning of infectious pathogens due to its portability and simplicity. However, antigen-based LFTs have relatively low sensitivity, while nucleic acid-based LFTs are limited in specificity and multiplexing capabilities, thus requiring improvements in accuracy and efficiency. In this study, we developed a dual lateral flow assay utilizing a thermophilic Argonaute, enabling the detection of multiple nucleic acids on a single strip with a sensitivity of 3 copies/μL and high specificity. Clinical validation showed 100 % concordance with commercial RT-qPCR results. This method not only preserves the high sensitivity of nucleic acid detection but also provides the benefits of portability, dual-target detection, and visual readout, highlighting its potential for point-of-care applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boundary engineering of porous zinc oxide nanosheets to enhance gas sensing performance","authors":"Min Young Kim ,&nbsp;Haeun Choa ,&nbsp;Chul Oh Park ,&nbsp;Dung Thi Hanh To ,&nbsp;Tran Khanh Phuong Cao ,&nbsp;Emily Resendiz Mendoza ,&nbsp;Changhyun Jin ,&nbsp;Beom Zoo Lee ,&nbsp;Nosang Vincent Myung ,&nbsp;Kyu Hyoung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc oxide (ZnO) based gas sensors are noted for their high sensing response toward a wide range of gases, however, they often face challenges in achieving other required properties due to complex reaction dynamics under different operating conditions. Herein, we fabricated boundary-engineered porous ZnO nanosheets by controlling calcination temperature of hydrozincite. These materials were systematically evaluated their sensing performance towards oxidizing gases, reducing inorganic gases, and volatile organic compounds. Additionally, detailed sensing properties toward NO₂, NH₃, and acetone were examined to investigate the critical roles of the energy barrier for carrier transport (<em>E</em>_b) and the nature of ionized oxygen species in the sensing materials. Characteristics of the materials, such as crystallite size, pore size, porosity, and surface area, were effectively tuned, which significantly influenced <em>E</em>_b and sensing performance. The porous ZnO nanosheets calcined at 300 °C for 4 h, exhibiting a higher density of boundaries, demonstrated enhanced sensing performance with maximum response values of 10.59 for NO₂, 0.38 for NH₃, and 0.41 for acetone at personnel exposure level. This improvement is likely linked to the increased surface charge carrier concentration and the higher <em>E</em>_b associated with greater boundary density, indicating an increase in available reaction active sites. Furthermore, our findings reveal that gas sensing behavior is strongly dependent on the type of ionized oxygen species present. The optimal sensing temperature for NO₂ is 250 °C, where the dominant ionized oxygen species is <em>O</em>⁻, while for NH₃ and acetone, the optimal temperature was 450 °C, where O²⁻ is the predominant species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile patterning of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) by dispensing propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA)","authors":"Xionghui Li ,&nbsp;Xuanying Liang ,&nbsp;Haonan Li ,&nbsp;Jing Song ,&nbsp;Kanghui Li ,&nbsp;Muyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Huiru Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhuoting Han ,&nbsp;Lok Ting Chu ,&nbsp;Weijin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facile patterning of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) is highly intriguing for researchers using μPADs for point-of-care diagnostics. For the first time, this work introduces the use of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) as a novel material to create barriers on μPADs, with the formation mechanism of these barriers investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A digitized and automated dispensing machine is employed for barrier creation, demonstrating the stability of the barriers in the presence of various organic and aqueous solvents including alkaline and acidic solutions, and surfactants. Additionally, we explore the possibility of rapid patterning of μPADs by hand drawing using PGMEA. The stability of the barriers created by PGMEA lays a solid foundation for various biomedical and chemical analyses. Moreover, we use this method to prepare μPADs for quantitative measurement of iodate content in saline solutions and blood typing analysis successfully, proving that μPADs prepared by this method have a significant potential for applications in point-of-care diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meander-shaped piezoelectric MEMS loudspeaker with maximized area efficiency for in-ear applications","authors":"Dennis Becker ,&nbsp;Robert Scharf ,&nbsp;Tobias Leonhard ,&nbsp;Andreas Merz ,&nbsp;Achim Bittner ,&nbsp;Alfons Dehé","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>State-of-the-art MEMS loudspeakers use innovative actuator concepts to improve the acoustic performance from minimal chip volumes. Lateral vibration of multiple vertical actuators is a promising lever to increase the active emitting area while keeping the chip dimensions constant. Recent publications on this topic require a multiple wafer fabrication process to realize such actuator principles. This work demonstrates a new concept fabricating a closed folded membrane with vertical actuators in a single wafer process. Conformal deposition of piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films allow the lateral actuation of the transducer. Laser-doppler-vibrometer (LDV) measurements show that no actuator resonances are located below 40 kHz. Acoustic characterization of a manufactured device in an IEC ear simulator demonstrates a linear behavior of this loudspeaker with THD values below 1.5 % over the audible frequency range. At 1 kHz, a SPL of 64 dB and a THD of 0.3 % are measured with a driving voltage of 16 V_p. A comparison of the acquired frequency response with simulated results shows a very good fit with deviations of less than 3.2 dB, successfully proving the concept and the potential of the folded MEMS loudspeaker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid-free aptamer-CRISPR/Cas14 biosensor for prosthetic joint infection rapid detection","authors":"Zong-Jie Geng ,&nbsp;Quan-Bo Ji ,&nbsp;Yan-Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Lin Hao ,&nbsp;Jun-Song Wang ,&nbsp;Ze-Yu Feng ,&nbsp;Qing-Yuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Guo-Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid detection of live pathogens in prosthetic joint infections (PJI) remains a critical challenge in clinical practice. This study introduces a novel dual-aptamer CRISPR/Cas14 biosensor for rapid, equipment-minimized detection of live bacteria in clinical samples. Unlike existing aptamer-CRISPR platforms, our method integrates two aptamers: one biotinylated for magnetic bead-based bacterial enrichment, and the other to activate the CRISPR/Cas14 system. Cas14, chosen for its PAM-free ssDNA recognition and direct detection capability, triggers trans-cleavage of fluorophore-quencher-labeled ssDNA, generating fluorescence signals without nucleic acid extraction or amplification. This approach eliminates the need for centrifugation, significantly reducing equipment requirements and making it ideal for point-of-care testing. The method demonstrated high specificity, with detection limits of 10² CFU/mL for aptamer enrichment and 10 CFU/mL for CRISPR/Cas14 detection at room temperature (37 °C) . Clinical validation showed an 83.3 % positive concordance rate and 100 % negative concordance, with results obtainable within 15 min. By bypassing nucleic acid extraction and amplification, this dual-aptamer CRISPR/Cas14 biosensor offers a simple, rapid, and reliable solution for diagnosing PJI, with significant potential for clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel L-cysteine-functionalized Au@MnO2/MoO3 nanocomposites for electrochemical detection of apoptosis-related proteins in immunogenic cell death of patient-derived lung cancer cells","authors":"Yi-An Chen ,&nbsp;Ming-You Shie ,&nbsp;Kai-Bo Chang ,&nbsp;Chao-Ming Su ,&nbsp;Chia-Che Ho ,&nbsp;Sheng-Wen Ye ,&nbsp;Yi-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detecting apoptosis-related proteins, calreticulin (CRT) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), in the context of immunogenic cell death (ICD). The immunosensor utilizes a novel <em>L</em>-Cys/Au@MnO₂/MoO₃ nanocomposite-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to investigate the electrochemical detection of HMGB1, a topic with limited prior research. The successful assembly of the immunosensor was confirmed through XRD, SEM, and XPS analyses. The strong biomolecular adsorption capability of Au nanoparticles, combined with the superior charge transfer properties of MnO₂ and MoO₃, enhances the electrochemical performance of the immunosensor. The immunosensor achieved low detection limits (<em>LOD</em>) of 0.5391 pg/mL for CRT and 0.849 pg/mL for HMGB1, along with broad dynamic linear ranges of 0.001 to 10 ng/mL and 0.001 to 1000 ng/mL, respectively, highlighting the excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability of this novel immunosensor. With higher drug concentrations and extended treatment durations, increased levels of ICD biomarkers were observed, underscoring the potential of the immunosensor for monitoring drug efficacy and its applicability in personalized medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A BRET-based Mpro biosensor containing a nanobody and tandem cleavage sites shows an increased cleavage rate","authors":"Anupriya M Geethakumari ,&nbsp;Asfia Sultana ,&nbsp;Asma Fatima ,&nbsp;S M Nasir Uddin ,&nbsp;Somaiya Abdulhakim ,&nbsp;Amera Mohamed ,&nbsp;Samiha Rahman ,&nbsp;Khaloud Al-Buainain ,&nbsp;Hadi M Yassine ,&nbsp;Hebah A Al Khatib ,&nbsp;Kabir H Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we report the engineering of a Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET)-based SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M^pro) biosensor containing the M^pro N-terminal autocleavage sequence in tandem and a nanobody that shows an enhanced rate of M^pro-mediated proteolytic cleavage. Specifically, we designed M^pro biosensors containing 2×, 4× and 8× repeats of M^pro N-terminal autocleavage sequences and a combination of M^pro cleavage sequences containing a total of 12 cleavage sites sandwiched between mNeonGreen (mNG) and NanoLuc (NLuc). Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (GaMD) simulations of the predicted alpha-helical synthetic M^pro cleavage sequences revealed a dynamic nature of the cleavage sequences, which is critical for their efficient cleavage, and a relatively short end-to-end distances, which is required for high BRET. Live cell assays revealed a cleavage sequence length-dependent resonance energy transfer, except for the 12× -syn cleavage site, and an increased rate of cleavage and a decreased pharmacological inhibitor efficacy for the M^pro biosensor containing 2× cleavage sequences. Further, mutational analysis revealed a requirement for both cleavage sites to be intact for increased cleavage rate. Importantly, the inclusion of an M^pro-binding, but non-inhibiting, NB2E3 nanobody at the N-terminal further increased the cleavage rate of the 2× cleavage sequence-containing M^pro biosensor. We envisage that the NB2E3 nanobody-2× M^pro biosensor engineered here will be useful in drug discovery and functional characterization of M^pro mutants in newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection in a point-of-care testing (POCT) format.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA nanotechnology and catalytic hairpin assembly cascade: A novel approach in achieving sensitive detection and in situ imaging of phosphatidylserine on living cell membranes","authors":"Yiwei Ying ,&nbsp;Wenxin Qi ,&nbsp;Zixin Chen ,&nbsp;Junyi Zhuang ,&nbsp;Chang Feng ,&nbsp;Robert Chunhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a vital lipid in eukaryotic cell membranes, and its content variations are closely associated with various diseases. Therefore, tracking PS in living cells is invaluable. Here, we designed an aptamer-initiated cascade catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA)-based DNA triangular prism (AI-CDTP) for sensitive detection and in situ imaging of PS on living cell membranes. The aptamer-initiated DNA triangular prism (AI-DTP) was prepared as precursor probe using several single-stranded DNA through a simple one-pot annealing process, which takes only a few minutes. Additionally, the sensitivity of the PS-triggered CHA circuit was enhanced by coupling the hairpin probes on AI-DTP. This coupling increased the local concentration and accelerated the reaction kinetics, achieving a detection limit as low as 1.39 nM. Compared with the traditional plasmid systems, AI-CDTP simplifies the preparation process, responds rapidly, and demonstrates excellent self-delivery, biocompatibility and stability. Thus, our developed strategy provides a reliable platform for the sensitive imaging of intracellular PS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on recent advances in sound source localization techniques, challenges, and applications","authors":"Amjad Khan ,&nbsp;Arbaz Waqar ,&nbsp;Byungki Kim ,&nbsp;Dongkyou Park","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sound source localization (SSL) plays a crucial role in acoustic sensing, with applications ranging from environmental monitoring and biomedical diagnostics to industrial automation. However, achieving accurate and precise SSL in complex and dynamic acoustic environments remains a challenge. Recent advances in acoustic sensors and signal processing techniques have significantly improved SSL performance, accuracy, efficiency, and robustness in real-world conditions. This review presents these developments, emphasizing the role of SSL in bioacoustics for wildlife tracking, wind turbine noise assessment, speech enhancement, medical science, and industrial automation. Key challenges, such as localization in reverberant and remote acoustic environments, are discussed alongside emerging solutions, including bio-mimetic micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) microphone and energy-efficient wake-up technologies. By analyzing current trends, challenges, and technological progress, this review provides insights into the future of SSL as a key component of modern intelligent sensing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic skin technologies: From hardware building blocks and tactile sensing to control algorithms and applications","authors":"Elisabetta Leogrande ,&nbsp;Mariangela Filosa ,&nbsp;Sara Ballanti ,&nbsp;Luca De Cicco ,&nbsp;Stefano Mazzoleni ,&nbsp;Rochelle Ackerley ,&nbsp;Calogero Maria Oddo ,&nbsp;Francesco Dell'Olio","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2025.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>E-skin technologies are poised to reshape numerous sectors, offering new possibilities through their thin, flexible, and highly sensitive interfaces. By integrating advanced transducer mechanisms and edge artificial intelligence computing, these interfaces not only enhance the quality of services and products but also promote greater user interaction and real-time data processing. Prosthetic and rehabilitation devices equipped with human-machine interfaces can improve the lives of people with disabilities, enabling them to interact more naturally with their environment. Furthermore, recent studies and advanced sensors have achieved sensitivity and accuracy levels not only comparable to human tactile receptors but even superior, enabling unprecedented touch perception and interaction. In the field of robotics, e-skins provide robots with human-like tactile sensitivity, enhancing their efficiency and safety when interacting with humans, machines, and the environment. The integration of e-skins with soft robotics and edge AI technology opens new frontiers in device design, making them more adaptable and capable of dynamically responding to user needs. Recent advances in flexible interfaces have led to improved transducer sensitivity and energy-efficient processing, ensuring better integration with wearable devices and interactive systems. These developments highlight the growing emphasis on real-time data processing and adaptive learning algorithms, key to the future of human-machine interactions. This paper delves into the materials, structures, and mechanisms that constitute flexible electronic interfaces and their applications. Progress and challenges in implementing effective human-machine interfaces are examined. The paper concludes with a discussion on the prospects and current challenges in the field of human-machine interfaces, particularly in medical robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}