MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL最新文献_第9页

Making Sense of Temples and Tirthas: Rajput Construction Under Mughal Rule 理解寺庙和提尔塔:莫卧儿统治下的拉杰普特建筑

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2020-04-28 DOI: 10.1177/0971945820905289

Catherine B. Asher

引用次数: 1

A Rationality Immersed in Religiosity: Reason and Religiosity in Abu’l Fazl’s Oeuvre 沉浸在宗教中的理性：阿布·法兹尔作品中的理性与宗教

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2020-04-28 DOI: 10.1177/0971945820907406

H. Mukhia

引用次数: 3

Book Review: Suraiya Faroqhi, The Ottoman and Mughal Empires: Social History in the Early Modern World 书评:Suraiya Faroqhi，奥斯曼帝国和莫卧儿帝国:近代早期世界的社会史

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2020-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/0971945820907409

Pratyay Nath

{"title":"Book Review: Suraiya Faroqhi, The Ottoman and Mughal Empires: Social History in the Early Modern World","authors":"Pratyay Nath","doi":"10.1177/0971945820907409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0971945820907409","url":null,"abstract":"modern historiography (‘a rather recent historiographical fiction’ (p. 158), as it is styled here), as well as a dominant trope in the modern historical record, but this separation was an affective manoeuvre, a valorisation of a politics of masculinity conceived narrowly, to serve political interests conceived equally narrowly. It is an idea that still has political currency (see the unsupportable reason-boosting of Pinker’s Enlightenment Now, for example). This has not only misrepresented medieval life by implication but modern life too, and it is in this observation that the real importance of works such as Boquet and Nagy’s becomes clear. Here, the ‘evolution of scholarly thought towards a natural philosophy of the emotions’, of the human as an ‘emotive creature endowed with reason’ began in the twelfth century (p. 135), with a ‘science of emotion’ in place by the end of the 13th. Human beings are deeply complex creatures, deeply subject to change over time, at the level of the body, the brain, and of culture. There is nothing more complex about modern human beings or their ideas than about medieval human beings, and explaining what differences there are over time, in feeling, in expression, in bodily and affective practices, in epistemology, cannot be carried out through the mode of increasing complication. Beautifully rich and elegant as a work of medieval history, this work should also prompt modernists to check their assumptions and their starting points. Truly foundational, Medieval Sensibilities is an ideal introduction for those who wish to embrace ‘the infinite cultural malleability of the strange, affective material from which we are made’ (p. 248).","PeriodicalId":42683,"journal":{"name":"MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0971945820907409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41751429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Damien Boquet and Piroska Nagy, Medieval Sensibilities: A History of Emotions in the Middle Ages 书评:达米恩·博凯和皮罗斯卡·纳吉，《中世纪的情感:中世纪的情感史》

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/0971945820907408

R. Boddice

引用次数: 0

Enshrined Fortification: A Trialogue on the Rise and Fall of Safed 神圣的强化：关于西夫德兴衰的三分之一

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2020-02-04 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819895898

U. Shachar

{"title":"Enshrined Fortification: A Trialogue on the Rise and Fall of Safed","authors":"U. Shachar","doi":"10.1177/0971945819895898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0971945819895898","url":null,"abstract":"The study of castles has formed a major part of crusade historiography since its inception in the early nineteenth century. Fortification has been taken to represent the magnificence of the efforts to rule the Holy Land and the battle between Christianity and Islam. Recently, however, scholars have recognised that, inasmuch as castles were celebrated as the epitomes of resilience and hostility, military architecture was far more dialogical than previously noticed. The design of castles involved a highly nuanced familiarity with the culture from which they were intended to defend. This article seeks to show that not only the physical characteristics of castles but also ideas about what made them religiously successful, in their capacity to enact and protect ritual spaces, were shaped through a dynamic inter-religious dialogue. Taking Safed as a case study, this article brings together three narratives—in Latin, Arabic and Hebrew—that share the attempt to laud the castle by drawing a dialectic between its strategic might and the sanctity of the soil upon which it is built. While the three accounts differ radically in their political stakes, the rhetorical strategies they employ in order to contemplate the spiritual efficacy of the castle is profoundly entangled.","PeriodicalId":42683,"journal":{"name":"MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0971945819895898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45115175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction 介绍

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819897435

S. Faroqhi

引用次数: 0

Coping with Institutional and Financial Crises in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Ensuring the Survival of Ottoman Royal Waqfs 应对16和17世纪的制度和财政危机:确保奥斯曼皇家Waqfs的生存

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819890444

Kayhan Orbay

{"title":"Coping with Institutional and Financial Crises in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Ensuring the Survival of Ottoman Royal Waqfs","authors":"Kayhan Orbay","doi":"10.1177/0971945819890444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0971945819890444","url":null,"abstract":"The Ottoman Empire had inherited the waqf (charitable foundation) as an institutionalized form of charity from the Near Eastern Islamic states, which had preceded it. Over time, new forms of charitable foundations emerged, while with the expansion of the Empire, waqfs grew in number and spread geographically. Donors created over fifty thousand charitable foundations, making them into the most widespread institution in Ottoman history. Some waqfs, the largest ones in particular, survived for many centuries. However, sometimes continued functioning was under severe threat, due to wars, epidemics, natural disasters, and rebellions. To overcome financial straits, the waqfs resorted to a variety of measures. Occasionally, a royal waqf in difficulty received assistance from other foundations established by sultans and/or their relatives. Administrators reduced current expenditures, sometimes even suspending salaries and charitable services. Moreover, through long-term lease contracts involving substantial down payments by the lessees, waqf administrators often raised the money needed to restore damaged properties. In the present paper, we study Ottoman royal waqfs when exposed to adversities and financial hardships. As administrators reacted with considerable flexibility, the claim that the waqfs were rigid institutions is in obvious need of revision.","PeriodicalId":42683,"journal":{"name":"MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0971945819890444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65310908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Explaining the Vitality of Eighteenth-century Non-Muslim Ottoman Merchants: How to Cope with Transaction Costs 阐释18世纪非穆斯林奥斯曼商人的活力:如何应对交易成本

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819893033

I. Kadı

{"title":"Explaining the Vitality of Eighteenth-century Non-Muslim Ottoman Merchants: How to Cope with Transaction Costs","authors":"I. Kadı","doi":"10.1177/0971945819893033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0971945819893033","url":null,"abstract":"The role of non-Muslim communities in the Ottoman Empire has been a topic of debate among scholars who approached the issue from various perspectives at different times. One thread in this debate focused on these communities’ role in Ottoman trade with Europe and emphasized their relations with western capital in explanation of their prominence in the Ottoman economy. This article attempts to explain the vitality of non-Muslim merchants through the centuries in the face of Western economic penetration of the Ottoman Empire, by focusing on transaction costs and market imperfections in North-western Anatolia. The article focuses on the trade in mohair yarn and cotton, which were the most important commodities exported to the Netherlands from the Ottoman Empire. Relying on data obtained from Dutch archives on cotton and mohair yarn consignments from Ankara and Izmir to Amsterdam, the article emphasises the diversity and complexity of the various transactions and expenses required to deliver these consignments to Amsterdam. It suggests that the local merchants were able to take advantage of the market imperfections and high transaction costs in North Western Anatolia while interacting with European merchants in the region.","PeriodicalId":42683,"journal":{"name":"MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0971945819893033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45109003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Istanbul and Crete in the Mid-1600s: Evliya Çelebi’s Discourse on Orthodox Christians 1600年代中期的伊斯坦布尔和克里特岛：EvliyaÇelebi对东正教的论述

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819871154

S. Faroqhi

引用次数: 1

Moonstruck: Viewing the Moon in the Ottoman World of the Seventeenth Century 月痴:在17世纪的奥斯曼帝国看月亮

IF 0.5 2区历史学

MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0971945819890447

F. Yaşa

{"title":"Moonstruck: Viewing the Moon in the Ottoman World of the Seventeenth Century","authors":"F. Yaşa","doi":"10.1177/0971945819890447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0971945819890447","url":null,"abstract":"Time is the only phenomenon that encompasses the past, present, and future, giving vitality to all living beings. Throughout history, people have tried to understand this phenomenon by determining its cycles and dividing them into segments. In pre-modern societies, the powerlessness of people against nature made them view time and space as closely connected (time-space continuum). In traditional Ottoman society, it was thus difficult to measure time. People made calculations using lunar movements. Court astrologers observed the moon and stars, advising sultans when to hold imperial accession ceremonies, celebrate princely births and weddings, or launch ships. In larger towns, at least the prayer times could be determined with assurance: However, villagers were mostly aware only of the day, month, season, and year. Hence, the understanding of time was quite different on the higher and lower rungs of the social ladder. In this paper, I attempt to answer the following questions: To what extent is it possible to measure time by studying the phases of the moon? What were the meanings that the Ottoman ruling class attached to the moon? For what reasons did ordinary people try to document in the qadi court at what time they saw the new moon, finding witnesses and having the court scribes record their testimonies? My sources are the qadi court records of Anatolian and Crimean cities, with additional information from travelogues and chronicles.","PeriodicalId":42683,"journal":{"name":"MEDIEVAL HISTORY JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0971945819890447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48530900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0