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Chronic Electrophysiological and Behavioral Response in Rats due to Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in the Motor Cortex 缺血性脑卒中大鼠运动皮质慢性电生理和行为反应
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2009-01-13 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7469
M. Midgett, P. Rousche
{"title":"Chronic Electrophysiological and Behavioral Response in Rats due to Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in the Motor Cortex","authors":"M. Midgett, P. Rousche","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7469","url":null,"abstract":"This work is the beginning of a study investigating dynamic changes of electrophysiological and correlative behavioral response in rats before, during and after stroke in the motor cortex. The animals need training sessions to regularly perform the behavioral tests. The standard deviation of total paw touches in the cylinder test (n=4) and the time required to eat a single strand of pasta (n=3) decreased by a factor of 1.7 and 3.6 respectively after 5 days of training.  Behaviorally, post-stroke, average cylinder touches decreased by a factor of 5.6, and pasta adjustments increased by a factor of 3.6 suggesting impairments due to stroke. The pre-stroke mean neural firing rate was 94 spikes per second (spk/s), this increased to 146 spk/s during the 20 minute stroke induction, and was only 4 spk/s 20 min post-stroke. The firing rate has increased to near pre-stroke levels in the 2 nd  and 3 rd  days following stroke.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117037577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium Oxide on Silicon and Polymer Fibers at Temperatures below 100o C 在低于1000℃的温度下在硅和聚合物纤维上沉积氧化铪的原子层
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7468
K. Kragh, A. L. Kueltzo, M. Singh, Q. Tao, G. Jursich, C. Takoudis
{"title":"Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium Oxide on Silicon and Polymer Fibers at Temperatures below 100o C","authors":"K. Kragh, A. L. Kueltzo, M. Singh, Q. Tao, G. Jursich, C. Takoudis","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7468","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic layer deposition of hafnium oxide from tetrakis (diethylamino) hafnium (TDEAH) and water vapor was employed to create thin films on silicon with reactor temperatures as low as 30 o  C. Spectral ellipsometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to probe the thickness and composition of these films. Deposition at the same temperature of 30 o  C was carried out on poly-caprolactone (PCL) nanofibers as a template to examine the possibility of fabricating hafnium oxide nanotubes. Energy dispersive X-ray scans and scanning electron microscope images revealed significant hafnia coverage on the fibers, suggesting that hafnium oxide nanotubes can be formed by means of polymer vaporization after deposition.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132684801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Nanofluidic transport and formation of nano-emulsions 纳米流体的传输和纳米乳液的形成
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-11-24 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7467
P. Chando, S. S. Ray, A. Yarin
{"title":"Nanofluidic transport and formation of nano-emulsions","authors":"P. Chando, S. S. Ray, A. Yarin","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7467","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this research is to study fluidic transport through carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes studied were formed by electrospinning Polycaplrolactone (PCL) nanofibers and then using them as channel templates in colyacrylamide blocks which were carbonized. A pressure driven flow is initiated through the nanochannels and the rate of emulsion formation is recorded with a CCD camera. Theoretical calculations are conducted for nanochannels because in many experiments, the nanochannels studied have two-phase flows, which make direct application of Poiseuille law impossible. The model used for the calculations is a slit with two fluid layers in between. In particular, in many experiments, decane-air system is of interest. The calculations are carried out using the Navier-Stokes equations. The results of the model are used to evaluate experimental volumetric flow rates and find the distribution of air and decane in the nanochannels.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"115 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124181046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Plasma Assisted Synthesis of a Molybdenum Carbide Catalyst 等离子体辅助合成碳化钼催化剂
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-24 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7463
C. Lopez, D. Meyers, A. Saddawi, A. Saveliev, K. Brezinsky
{"title":"Plasma Assisted Synthesis of a Molybdenum Carbide Catalyst","authors":"C. Lopez, D. Meyers, A. Saddawi, A. Saveliev, K. Brezinsky","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7463","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method for the production of a nano-structured molybdenum carbide catalyst using non-thermal plasma is described. This synthesis involves the carburization of a molybdenum metal powder precursor using ethylene as the carbon source. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the presence of a Mo 2 C-β crystal structure and a 9 � 2 nm layer of what was suspected to be Mo 2 C absent in the molybdenum precursor. Catalytic testing in the water gas shift reaction (WGS) showed no difference in activity between the unreduced synthesis product and the control run.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114148865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of Surface Passivation for InAs-GaSb Infrared Photodetector InAs-GaSb红外光电探测器表面钝化优化
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-24 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7465
E. Meyer, K. Banerjee, Siddhartha Ghosh
{"title":"Optimization of Surface Passivation for InAs-GaSb Infrared Photodetector","authors":"E. Meyer, K. Banerjee, Siddhartha Ghosh","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7465","url":null,"abstract":"A type II indium arsenide / gallium antimonide (InAs-GaSb) strained layer superlattice (SLS) semiconductor is optimal for detecting long wavelength infrared (LWIR) signals for infrared imaging applications. However, as with all crystal structures dangling bonds at the surface of the semiconductor must be pacified with a passivant to maintain the integrity of the semiconductor. We report the most effective passivation layer for this III-V semiconductor by examining both the material and device characteristics of the devices pacified by silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (Si x N y ), and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Our final reporting shows ZnS with a pre-passivation of ammonium sulfide ((NH 4 ) 2 S) as being the most effective passivant.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123676447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of sterilization techniques on a microfluidic oxygen delivery device 微流控氧输送装置灭菌技术的表征
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-21 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7462
S. Skaalure, Shawn Oppegard, D. Eddington
{"title":"Characterization of sterilization techniques on a microfluidic oxygen delivery device","authors":"S. Skaalure, Shawn Oppegard, D. Eddington","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7462","url":null,"abstract":"A microfluidic oxygen delivery device was designed to regulate the exposure of cells in culture to oxygen, facilitating experiments involving oxygen-dependent cell processes. Most of the device is composed of the biocompatible elastomer PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), including the thin gas-permeable membrane which serves as a diffusive interface between a flowing gas source and the cell culture media. Because cell cultures require a sterile environment, the device must be sterile as well. This study was designed to investigate the effects of common sterilization techniques on the diffusive properties of the device. Devices were sterilized repetitively with autoclaving, UV light, Dri-Clean detergent soaks, or ethanol soaks. Diffusion of oxygen across the device membranes was periodically measured using fluorescent microscopy. After 32 treatments no significant changes were seen in oxygen diffusion over time or in sterilization groups compared to control, meaning that the utility of the device is not adversely affected by repetitive sterilization.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116031161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Morphology of printed lines and droplet deposits using hydrophilic nanoparticle suspensions 使用亲水纳米颗粒悬浮液的印刷线条和液滴沉积的形态学
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-14 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7464
J. D. Lyon, M. Tiwari, C. Megaridis
{"title":"Morphology of printed lines and droplet deposits using hydrophilic nanoparticle suspensions","authors":"J. D. Lyon, M. Tiwari, C. Megaridis","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7464","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the morphology of continuous mode printed lines of a generic polymer suspension. The suspension consists of carboxylate nanoparticles. The printing is performed by forming a stable capillary-bridge of the suspension between the print-nozzle and glass substrate. The printed deposits are examined microscopically. The printing technique used here is easy to implement and allows a wider property window for the fluids that can be printed compared to drop on demand mode printing. The morphology of these printed lines is found to be dependent on the number of layers of the nanoparticles present. To further understand the fundamental mechanism of printed nanoparticle deposit morphology development, droplet deposits of the suspension are also prepared and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121514998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Microfluidic Mixer Fabricated From Compliant Thermoplastic Films 柔性热塑性薄膜制备的微流控混合器
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-10 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7458
N. Paya, T. Dankovic, A. Feinerman
{"title":"A Microfluidic Mixer Fabricated From Compliant Thermoplastic Films","authors":"N. Paya, T. Dankovic, A. Feinerman","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7458","url":null,"abstract":"Mixing is often crucial to the operation of various microfluidic devices. And the most common objective is rapid mixing between two initially segregated fluid streams in a minimal amount of space. In microfluidic flows characterized by incompressibility and low Reynolds number, however, turbulence is almost entirely absent and mixing generally relies on diffusion. Therefore, based on the properties of the fluids involved, it can take impractically long to achieve high mixing efficiency in some cases. To resolve this problem, this paper demonstrates a novel compliant micromixer made of thermoplastic films for lab-on-a-chip applications. The microfluidic mixer utilizes self-rotation effects to achieve high mixing efficiency at Reynolds numbers below 100. In addition, a possible design is suggested for a thermoplastic voltage-actuated micromixer which can lead to even better mixing performance at Reynolds numbers below 1.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124323017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Synthesis and Characterization of YB66 Nanowires YB66纳米线的合成与表征
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-10 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7459
S. Tan, P. Jash, M. Trenary
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of YB66 Nanowires","authors":"S. Tan, P. Jash, M. Trenary","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V2I1.7459","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the current research is to synthesize yttrium boride (YB 66 ) nanowires. Catalyst assisted growth of the nanowires under the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) synthesis method was performed in a quartz tube furnace. The pyrolysis of diborane (B 2 H 6 ) gas over yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) powders with a thermally coated layer of nickel catalyst was carried out. The reaction conditions were at 925 o  C and a pressure of 390 mTorr with varying reaction times. SEM analysis has shown the growth of nanowires with diameters around 400 nm. A catalyst particle was also seen at the tip of the nanowires, confirming growth by the VLS mechanism. Other analysis techniques that were used include Raman spectroscopy and TEM analysis. The Raman spectra of the nanowires were in good agreement with a Raman spectrum obtained on a YB 66  single crystal. However, no other evidence was obtained that the nanowires contained yttrium or that the nanowires consisted of YB 66 .","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129206219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal electrophysiology of cerebral ischemia observed using chronic electrode array in auditory cortex 听觉皮层慢性电极阵列观察脑缺血的时空电生理
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2008-10-10 DOI: 10.5210/jur.v2i1.7460
M. Huberty, P. Tek, P. Rousche
{"title":"Spatiotemporal electrophysiology of cerebral ischemia observed using chronic electrode array in auditory cortex","authors":"M. Huberty, P. Tek, P. Rousche","doi":"10.5210/jur.v2i1.7460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/jur.v2i1.7460","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke research is of considerable societal value in an age in which the scourge is a leading cause of disability and the third-leading cause of death in the United States. While previous studies investigate the electrophysiology of stroke, none examine the long-term time-course of stroke recovery in the auditory cortex, the objective of this study. An electrode was implanted in the auditory cortex of two anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, stroke was induced in one of the subjects using photothrombosis, and daily electrical recordings were made while each subject was presented with a click stimulus every 500 ms. Peri-stimulus time histograms reveal that in the control subject, the second stimulus-evoked bursts peak decreased the day following implantation (Day 1) but returned almost to its Day 0 (day of surgery) value by Day 5, representing recovery from implantation trauma. The mean firing rate decreased logarithmically from its Day 0 value of 90 Hz to 10 Hz by Day 8, revealing decreasing electrode viability. In the stroke subject, the second stimulus-evoked bursts peak was undetected Day 1, but was detected again on Day 4, elucidating that the rat auditory cortex regains function as stroke recovery progresses.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133930281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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