Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical最新文献

{"title":"Double torsional strategy to design butterfly-shaped photoacoustic probes for dynamic monitoring of tumor glycolysis","authors":"Yulan Jiang,&nbsp;Yujie Huang,&nbsp;Hao Feng,&nbsp;Jinge Qin,&nbsp;Chengkun Nong,&nbsp;Xing-Can Shen,&nbsp;Hua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been widely used in disease diagnosis as a newly emerging and promising imaging technique. Many PA agents are derived from the existing fluorophores, which do not possess ideal PA characteristics, yet the design of high-performance PA agents remains a challenging goal. Herein, for the first time, we propose a double torsional strategy to design a series of butterfly-shaped dyes (namely PA-dyes) that exhibit superior PA properties. These butterfly-shaped dyes with double torsional units exhibited amplified PA signal (<strong>PA-H</strong>, a 2.4-fold increase) compared to conventional hemicyanine dyes and extremely low NIR-II quantum yield, and the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of PA-dyes can reach up to 88.4 % (<strong>PA- OMe</strong>). Based on these newly-developed dyes, we have designed and synthesized the first PA probe <strong>PA-OMe-pH</strong> for dynamic monitoring of tumor glycolysis. <strong>PA-OMe-pH</strong> showed remarkable ability to pinpoint breast tumors with a 9.7-fold increase in PA signal. Moreover, the probe can also track the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and tamoxifen on tumor glycolysis level though PA imaging, making it a valuable tool for non-invasive monitoring of tumor metabolic regulation. Overall, this study highlights a new design guideline of double torsional strategy amplifying PA effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138058"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing oxygen vacancy in TiO/R-TiO2 via non-stoichiometric engineering for chloride-resistant sensitive COD electrochemical detection","authors":"Li Zhang,&nbsp;Xueming Dang,&nbsp;Teng Li,&nbsp;Huimin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid and accurate electrochemical detection of COD in water faces numerous challenges due to the abundance of chloride ions at high levels and insufficient conductivity of the electrodes. In this work, the TiO/R-TiO₂ composite material was innovatively constructed by introducing oxygen vacancies through non-stoichiometric engineering. The TiO/R-TiO₂ composite material possesses abundant oxygen vacancies and the resultant ultralow-valent titanium species, which can generate a large number of hydroxyl radicals via electrochemical oxidation of water and exhibit a rapid electron transfer rate. The introduced oxygen vacancies alter the surface charge distribution, endowing the material with excellent conductivity and resistance to chloride ion interference. Glucose was employed as a standard substance to evaluate the electrochemical response of the material, which exhibited a COD detection limit of 0.07 mg L⁻¹ and a broad detection range of 1–500 mg L⁻¹. Seawater was selected as actual water samples for detection, and the results demonstrated good consistency with the standard potassium permanganate method, thereby validating the constructed electrochemical sensing method's capability for direct and sensitive detection of water containing 0.5 M (17725 mg L⁻¹) chloride ions. By addressing the chloride ion interference problem, our work contributed to the development of robust electrochemical COD detection methods that can be widely applied in various water environments, ensuring the protection of water resources and the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138044"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitroreductase Detection and Imaging with a Biotin-Guided Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe Exhibiting a Large Stokes Shift in Cells, Animal Tumors, and Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury","authors":"Chia-Hsiang Chen, Tzu-Hsiu Lu, Shu-Pao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138064","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative measurement of <em>in vivo</em> hypoxia is crucial for evaluating cancer treatments and diagnostics. We introduce <strong>Biotin-XC-NO</strong>_{<strong>2</strong>}, a near-infrared fluorescent probe activated by nitroreductase (NTR), specifically designed to detect NTR activity in hypoxic tumor environments. The probe incorporates a xanthene-based fluorophore with a large Stokes shift and a biotin group to enhance cellular uptake. Upon NTR-mediated reduction of the nitro group, fluorescence increases 50-fold at 640<!-- --> <!-- -->nm, with a detection limit as low as 0.15<!-- --> <!-- -->ng/mL. In cellular and animal models, <strong>Biotin-XC-NO</strong>_{<strong>2</strong>} demonstrated high specificity for NTR, enabling real-time imaging in HeLa cells, zebrafish, and tumor-bearing mice. It also identified NTR overexpression in sepsis-induced acute lung injury, highlighting its potential for clinical diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring. Overall, <strong>Biotin-XC-NO</strong>_{<strong>2</strong>} is a promising tool for imaging NTR activity, advancing cancer research and enhancing the understanding of inflammatory diseases.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room-temperature response of Ni3(HITP)2 nanosheets co-functionalized with Au NPs and WS2 QDs based flexible chemiresistive NO2 gas sensor","authors":"Yongjiao Sun ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Yuchen Hou ,&nbsp;Bingliang Wang ,&nbsp;Wendong Zhang ,&nbsp;Koichi Suematsu ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (EC-MOFs) exhibit significant potential application as sensing materials for chemical resistance gas sensors. Herein, we developed a flexible gas sensor based on Ni₃(HITP)₂ nanosheets co-functionalized with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) and WS₂ quantum dots (QDs) for NO₂ detection at room temperature. The gas sensing performance was regulated by optimizing the metal species and loading ratios of WS₂ QDs. The measured results revealed that Au NPs and 2 mol% WS₂ achieved the most effective enhancement for NO₂ sensing performance. Therefore, Au NPs was selected to optimize WS₂-2/Ni₃(HITP)₂ sensor for further improving the sensing properties. A unique hierarchical structure based on gas sensor (Au₃@WS₂-2/Ni₃(HITP)₂ sensor) enables high response (14.73 % to 5 ppm NO₂), rapid response/recovery time (97 s/110 s), good selectivity, anti-humidity, repeatability, long-term stability as well as flexibility at room temperature. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) and band theory were employed to comprehend adsorption energies and the electronic structures at atomic scale, elucidating the intrinsic correlation between NO₂ adsorption behavior and Ni₃(HITP)₂ surface and the sensitization mechanism of heterostructures. These findings provide novel insights for designing high-performance NO₂ gas sensors worked at room temperature and guidance for EC-MOFs sensing mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138052"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel-based sensing interface with valence transition and antifouling strategies for ultrasensitive detection of neuron-specific enolase","authors":"Wenxin Qu,&nbsp;Yakun Zou,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Shuting Lv,&nbsp;Panting Chen,&nbsp;Gaopeng Zhang,&nbsp;Xianzhen Song,&nbsp;Lu Zhao,&nbsp;Caifeng Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The improvement of detection sensitivity and accuracy have been the focus on the development of biosensing analysis. In this work, a dual-function sensing interface with valence transition and antifouling strategies was designed to realize this target. On the one hand, the transition of Cu⁺/Cu²⁺ was utilized to catalyze the generation of more SO₄^•-, thus improving the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal of the sensor. On the other hand, polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel was selected as antifouling component to hinder the non-specific binding between interfering biomolecules and sensing surface. In addition, MXene nanosheets (MXene NSs) were introduced as the conductive framework and substrate. Therefore, Cu₂O-MXene NSs@PAM hydrogel was prepared as the dual-function coating for signal amplification and interface antifouling. It is worth mentioning that KHRFNKDC was designed as the short peptide ligand to specifically bind to the Fc fragment of antibodies, thus avoiding the occupation of the binding sites between antigens and antibodies, which could shorten the construction time and improve service life of the sensor. Based on this, the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the constructed ECL sensor were greatly improved, showing a wide linear range of 10 fg/mL ∼ 100 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 3.67 fg/mL (<em>S/N</em> = 3), which provided a feasible way for clinical detection of neuron-specific enolase in complex serum medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138032"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly sensitive and flexible triple-modal multiplex immunoassay for on-site screening of illegal anti-inflammatory drugs in herbal teas","authors":"Maner Chen ,&nbsp;Mingtong Guan ,&nbsp;Guangyao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Yu ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Wen ,&nbsp;Yi Lei ,&nbsp;Hongtao Lei ,&nbsp;Tian Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid, convenient and multi-modal lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (LFIAs) are encouraging and preferable in food safety detection. Herein, based on the easily available, photo-heat sensitive natural cuttlefish ink nanoparticles (CINPs) and strongly fluorescent AIE microspheres, a colorimetric/fluorescence/photothermal triple-modal multiplex LFIA was developed for the rapid determination of three prohibited inflammatory drugs in herbal teas. Due to the inner filter effect between CINPs-labeled antibodies and AIE microspheres-antigens, this smartphone-based portable biosensor yielded high sensitivities toward 4-acetamidophenol, phenacetin, and prednisone acetate (1.75, 2.60, and 0.99 ng/mL in colorimetric modal; 1.52, 1.90, and 0.29 ng/mL in fluorescence modal; 0.67, 1.73, and 0.21 ng/mL in photothermal modal), respectively. Moreover, reasonable recoveries (89.46 - 118.96 %), acceptable coefficients of variation (2.30 % - 11.2 %) and parallel results with authorized LC-MS/MS in recovery test as well as blind samples analysis verified the high reliability and applicability of the proposed work. This work highlights a flexible, simple, low-cost yet accurate LFIA in the field of food safety detection, which can also be extended to the environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138046"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Quinolinium-Functionalized Hemicyanine Dye for Ratiometric NAD(P)H Sensing in Live Cells, Kidney Tissues, and Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Sushil K. Dwivedi, Henry Lanquaye, May Waters, Adonis Amoli, Crystal Wang, Peter Agyemang, Omowunmi Rebecca Aworinde, Tyler Gregersen, Micaela Geborkoff, Yan Zhang, Athar Ata, Thomas Werner, Haiying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138043","url":null,"abstract":"NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADP⁺ (its phosphorylated variation) are key coenzymes regulating cellular metabolism, biosynthesis, and redox balance. Variations in NAD(P)H activity reflect metabolic activity and are associated with diseases like cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration. Live tracking of NAD(P)H is important for comprehending these processes and their dysregulation in disease. However, existing ratiometric emission sensors are hindered by spectral interference from NADH emission, limiting their sensitivity and accuracy in complex biological systems. We present a ratiometric emission sensor based on a 3-quinolinium-hemicyanine dye with amine linkage, designed to address these limitations. By using a longer excitation wavelength (470<!-- --> <!-- -->nm), the sensor avoids interference from NADH emission, enabling precise monitoring of NAD(P)H activity. Binding to NAD(P)H triggers a photo-induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism, resulting in an increase in visible emission at 519<!-- --> <!-- -->nm and subtle reduction in near-infrared emission at 711<!-- --> <!-- -->nm, providing a clear ratiometric signal. We demonstrate the sensor’s effectiveness in live cells, tissues, and whole organisms. In HeLa cells, exposure to glucose, maltose, fludarabine or cisplatin induced dose-dependent ratiometric emission changes, reflecting metabolic shifts and oxidative stress. The sensor also successfully detected NAD(P)H fluctuations in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> larvae and mammalian kidney tissues, including disease models like ADPKD (autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease). Importantly, the sensor can distinguish NAD(P)H dynamics from high NADH levels, overcoming a key limitation of current sensors. Co-localization with a mitochondrial dye confirmed the sensor’s selective targeting to mitochondria, highlighting its suitability for studying Mitochondrial energy processes and redox changes. This ratiometric sensor provides a sensitive, interference-free tool for live tracking of NAD(P)H kinetics in complex biological systems. Its high sensitivity, accuracy, and versatility offer new opportunities for investigating cellular metabolism, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions in both cellular and <em>in vivo</em> models.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A visual-olfactory bionic sensing system bioinspired from zebrafish for confusable liquid localization and recognition","authors":"Tianyi Gu ,&nbsp;Shuai Liu ,&nbsp;Qi Pu ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Hu ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Qingrun Li ,&nbsp;Liang Zhu ,&nbsp;Fangmeng Liu ,&nbsp;Geyu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid advancements in sensor technology, modern detection systems possess advanced detection capabilities. However, for detection of confusable liquid with similar colors or odors, traditional single-modal detection systems still struggle with poor classification performance. Here, we develop an innovative visual-olfactory bionic sensing system inspired by the signal fusion mechanism of the retinal-olfactory bulb circuit in zebrafish, and can instantly capture the spatial location, shape, color, odor characteristics and achieve accurate localization and discrimination of the measured seven commonly confusable liquids (water, copper sulfate solution, potassium permanganate solution, iron chloride solution, acetone, alcohol, and ammonium hydroxide). In a simulated production scenario, the visual-olfactory intelligent sensing system could not only accurately localize the measured liquids, but also guide the robot arm loaded with a gas sensor array and achieve high classification performance. Our developed visual-olfactory sensing system demonstrate a recognition accuracy of 97.4 % to 7 typical confusable liquids, surpassing olfactory-only and visual-only detection methods by 41.8 % and 24.7 %, respectively. The visual-olfactory bionic sensing system exhibited an outstanding tolerance to similar feature interference, highlighting its significant potential for robust confusable liquid recognition in automated production in the electronics industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138053"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of homologous cations SnO2/SnS heterojunction for ultra-sensitive NO detection","authors":"Tongtong Cheng,&nbsp;Yiqi Tang,&nbsp;Heping Zhang,&nbsp;Xingqi Song,&nbsp;Gongcheng Xu,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Xinghui Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SnO₂ is an n-type wide band gap (E_g = 3.6 eV) metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) that has been widely studied, due to its low cost, non-toxicity and simple preparation process, and it has become the most important sensitive material for the preparation of gas sensors. However, the SnO₂ sensor still has some defects of high operating temperature and low response, which hinders its practical application. In this work, SnO₂/SnS composites were prepared by hydrothermally growing SnS nanoparticles on the surface of electrospun hollow SnO₂ nanotubes with high porosity. Results show that the SnO₂/SnS gas sensor based on the heterojunction has a much higher response of 375 to 50 ppm NO at 130 ℃ than that of pure SnO₂ sensor, as well as rapid response/recovery (26 s/90 s), excellent selectivity (12 times that of H₂S), repeatability and stability (225–250 to 20 ppm NO). Its enhanced sensing property may be attributed to the synergistic effect of the formation of homologous cations heterojunction and unique micro-structure of SnO₂/SnS composite, which could facilitate efficient charge transfer and provide more active sites (such as vacancy, point defects) for NO adsorption and reaction. This experiment provides a new idea for the development of SnO₂ gas sensors with excellent properties, which can meet the detection of toxic and harmful gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138040"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CoTsPc assisted PANI functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene gas sensor for ppb-level NO detection at room temperature","authors":"Kun Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyi Wang ,&nbsp;Runze Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The massive emission of NO presents a significant risk to both human health and ecological systems. Given its strong reactivity and oxidizing properties, traditional NO gas sensors are no longer able to meet the growing demand for applications. Consequently, designing and developing room-temperature NO sensors with high response, low detection limit, and distinct selectivity is crucial. Herein, a MXene/CoTsPc-PANI gas sensor with excellent performance was constructed using a convenient and environmentally friendly aqueous phase synthesis strategy. It uses a few-layered Ti₃C₂T_x MXene as the conductive substrate material, and utilizes π-π and electrostatic bidirectional interactions to efficiently assemble Cobalt(II) tetra-β-sulfophthalocyanine-polyaniline (CoTsPc-PANI) into the MXene matrix. CoTsPc-PANI functionalized modification of MXene resulted in faster charge migration behavior, numerous active sites, and a significant specific surface area. In particular, the MXene/1.0CoTsPc-0.4PANI sensor exhibits extremely high NO sensitivity (LOD=45.8 ppb), unique selectivity (selectivity coefficient for NO₂ is 23.5), and high response (R_(100 ppm _NO)= 244.7 %, 45, 24 and 31 times the response of MXene, PANI and CoTsPc sensors, respectively) at room temperature. At the same time, the MXene/1.0CoTsPc-0.4PANI sensor showed excellent accuracy in aiding the detection of NO content in vehicle exhaust (6.9 % relative error to measurements taken at automobile inspection stations). Finally, the MXene/1.0CoTsPc-0.4PANI flexible gas sensor exhibits the same excellent NO sensing performance as the above sensors (relative error &lt;3.0 %). This study provides new ideas for designing MXene-based sensing materials with potential applications in automotive exhaust NO content detection and flexible gas sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"441 ","pages":"Article 138033"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}