{"title":"Enhanced cataluminescence sensing of iso-butyraldehyde via phase-specific oxygen vacancies engineering in BaTiO3","authors":"Na Chen, Ziyi Yu, Yun Cai, Zhiquan Wu, Yulin Jiang, Qingsong Chen, Qianchun Zhang, Jingxin Wang, Runkun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138308","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the relationship between oxygen vacancies (V<sub>OS</sub>) and gas sensing performance is pivotal for advancing high-performance gas sensors. In this study, we synthesized two cubic phase barium titanate (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>) samples (BTO-1 and BTO-2) and one tetragonal phase BaTiO<sub>3</sub> sample (BTO-3). BTO-1 was subjected to additional nitrogen calcination to enhance its V<sub>O</sub> concentration, while BTO-2 was prepared without this calcination step. Morphological and structural analyses confirmed that BTO-1 possesses the highest V<sub>O</sub> concentration and surface-adsorbed oxygen content. Gas sensing investigations revealed that all BaTiO<sub>3</sub> samples exhibit excellent cataluminescence specificity toward <em>iso</em>-butyraldehyde (IBD), with response sensitivity that is strongly correlated to V<sub>O</sub> concentration. Notably, BTO-1 demonstrated the highest sensitivity, achieving a detection limit of 7.3<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/m<sup>3</sup>. Density functional theory calculations showed that cubic BaTiO<sub>3</sub> more readily forms V<sub>O</sub> compared to its tetragonal counterpart, and the introduction of V<sub>O</sub> enhances the adsorption and activation of both oxygen and IBD molecules. Reaction pathway analyses indicated that the primary oxidative decomposition of IBD on BaTiO<sub>3</sub> surfaces produces formic acid and acetone, with triplet acetone likely serving as the luminescent intermediate. These findings emphasize the significance of crystal phase-dependent V<sub>O</sub> engineering in enhancing sensor performance and establish BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-based materials as promising candidates for precise IBD detection. This work provides critical insights into designing next-generation gas sensors with tailored V<sub>O</sub> properties for environmental and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxiao Jiang, Kelin Hu, Jing Zhang, Tao He, Bin Yu, Xinyuan Li, Jiarong Yang
{"title":"Temperature driven p- to n-type transition of In2O3/NixOy nanocavity structure for H2 gas sensors","authors":"Yuxiao Jiang, Kelin Hu, Jing Zhang, Tao He, Bin Yu, Xinyuan Li, Jiarong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138307","url":null,"abstract":"This research focused on the synthesis of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ni<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> nanocomposites utilizing the conventional template method. The resulting gas sensor, designed for H<sub>2</sub> detection, demonstrates a sensing behavior that is dependent on temperature. Various characterization techniques were employed to analyze the synthesized In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/NiO composite materials. The results obtained from tests conducted at different temperatures reveal that the sensor maintains a stable n-type response for H<sub>2</sub> at temperatures exceeding 240°C, while exhibiting an atypical p-type response at lower temperatures. This transition in adsorption behavior enables the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ni<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> composites to function as a dual-mode sensor capable of detecting H<sub>2</sub>. The temperature-induced transformation is likely attributable to the interplay of several mechanisms. This article elucidates this phenomenon by examining factors such as activation energy, TGA/DSC, adsorbed oxygen, heterojunction formation, and humidity effects. This study contributes to the understanding of the transformation mechanisms underlying MOS gas sensing behavior.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruizhi Fan, Ming Lin, Rongji Zheng, Wanbin Chen, Wei Peng, Zewei Luo, Yunze Xu, Mengdi Lu
{"title":"In-situ nanoscale thickness monitoring of passive films based on electrochemical-surface plasmon resonance sensing technology","authors":"Ruizhi Fan, Ming Lin, Rongji Zheng, Wanbin Chen, Wei Peng, Zewei Luo, Yunze Xu, Mengdi Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138309","url":null,"abstract":"Gold (Au) is frequently employed as a critical connector component in precision electronic instruments due to its exceptional stability. However, it remains susceptible to corrosion deterioration in complex environments such as in harsh marine settings. The passive film that forms on the Au surface is vital for corrosion protection, making the monitoring of the structure and thickness of this nanoscale film essential for ensuring the safe operation of the Au. A terminal-reflective optical-fiber structure was utilized both as the working electrode for an electrochemical (EC) sensing and as the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing element, thus creating an integrated dual-function optical fiber EC-SPR sensor. This sensor enabled detection of the formation of Au passive films at various constant voltages in a high-salinity environment, alongside monitoring changes in nanoscale thickness. Based on the polarization curves, the passivation of Au was conducted at different constant voltages. During this process, the EC signal and the SPR resonance wavelength were monitored in real time to track the passivation progression. The in-situ EC-SPR spectra revealed the dynamic changes occurring on the Au surface during the formation. Notably, as the voltage increased, the thickness of the passive film correspondingly increased, yielding equivalent passive film thicknesses of 10 (±0.3) nm, 14 (±0.4) nm, and 18 (±1.1) nm at constant voltages of 0.4<!-- --> <!-- -->V, 0.6<!-- --> <!-- -->V, and 0.8<!-- --> <!-- -->V, respectively. This integrated optical fiber dual-function sensor facilitates online measurement of nanoscale Au passive film thickness, providing a novel monitoring approach for corrosion detection and the safe operation of deep-sea equipment.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144603751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of a fluorescent nanoprobe-based visual tool using selenium nanoparticles on cadmium-induced liver fibrosis","authors":"Shali Jiang, Hongyan Ran, Kun Luo, Ping Xu, Yongbo Peng, Liyi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138293","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal that enters the body through the food chain, accumulating in various organs, especially in the liver, where it can cause liver fibrosis. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, can inhibit heavy metal toxicity by affecting antioxidant and chelating properties. Also, Se mainly exists as selenocysteine (Sec) in humans. In addition, there are some shortcomings in the current diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a visualization tool to study and assess the antagonistic effects of selenium and cadmium in a mouse liver fiber model. In this work, the antagonistic effect of Se on Cd in mice was evaluated using the therapeutic effect of Se on liver fibrosis using selenocysteine nanoprobe GC-Sec as a visual tool. Compared with the Cd-treated group, the fluorescence produced by GC-Sec was significantly attenuated in the mice images of the Se + Cd group, indicating that Sec was depleted and its expression level was reduced in the liver. Additionally, serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were reduced, the liver texture became softer, and diffuse intrahepatic sinusoidal stasis was reduced, indicating that free Cd was depleted in the liver. Impressively, the simultaneous depletion of Sec and Cd suggested that we successfully observed the antagonism of Se on Cd with the aid of GC-Sec in Cd-induced liver fibrosis mice models, suggesting the newly constructed visualization tool can provide a powerful molecular tool for rapid evaluation of Se-Cd interact ion and imaging in future.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"693 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongbei Wei, Hui Zhang, Ke Wei, Liren Xu, Xiangkun Si, Xiaolong Sun
{"title":"Photoluminescence Switches with Ultralarge Stokes Shift for Cellular Membrane Lipid Order Imaging","authors":"Hongbei Wei, Hui Zhang, Ke Wei, Liren Xu, Xiangkun Si, Xiaolong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138299","url":null,"abstract":"Lipid order in cellular membranes plays a critical role in cellular functions and is implicated in various pathological conditions. Reliable detection tools are essential for elucidating the biological mechanisms of diseases initiated by lipid order alterations and for monitoring disease progression. Herein, we report a solvatochromic probe with an ultralarge Stokes shift of approximately 200<!-- --> <!-- -->nm based on indanonealkene luminescent platform, for distinguishing plasma membrane lipid order. Theoretical calculations corroborated the probe’s twisted intramolecular charge transfer properties, and cellular experiments validated its cell membrane targeting and lipid order discrimination capabilities, further confirmed in giant unilamellar vesicles models. Furthermore, the probe TPA-CA-3 allows the detection of dynamic lipid order variations in live cells under mechanical force, cholesterol depletion, and cholesterol enrichment. We anticipate that this large Stokes shift fluorescence probe will serve as a valuable tool for tracking and quantifying lipid order across diverse biological processes.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Zero-, Two-, and Three-dimensional Heterostructured MXene@Zn3In2S6@Polyaniline Composite for Highly Sensitive Room Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensing","authors":"Zhendong Ma, Xiaojuan Zhao, Zhijia Cui, Yongjin Zou, Cuili Xiang, Fen Xu, Lixian Sun, Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138301","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in complex environments is challenging at room temperature. Although polyaniline (PANI) has attracted considerable attention for its applications in room-temperature gas sensing, gas sensors based on PANI materials tend to exhibit low sensitivities, slow response rates, and high detection limits. In this study, MXene microspheres were formed using the template method and two-dimensional (2D) Zn<sub>3</sub>In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> nanosheets were grown using the solvothermal method. Subsequently, the nanosheets are modified by PANI nanoparticles via an in situ chemical oxidation polymerization protocol, and a zero-, two-, and three-dimensional (0D/2D/3D) heterostructure was successfully prepared using MXene@Zn<sub>3</sub>In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>@PANI. At room temperature and 45% relative humidity, the sensor response to 100 ppm NH<sub>3</sub> reached 484.28%. Notably, the response ability of the sensor was significantly enhanced with an increase in the relative humidity, reaching 1183.24% at a relative humidity of 90% (i.e., 1.54-fold greater than that at a relative humidity of 45%). This excellent moisture resistance ensures that the sensor can cope with complex environments to exhibit an excellent performance. Overall, these results suggest that MXene@Zn<sub>3</sub>In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>@PANI sensors have a promising future for use in medical and human health monitoring applications.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xueqin Liu, Desheng Ren, Bingjie Zheng, Yao Zhang, Yuqing Qin, Yonggang Hu
{"title":"Stereo-assembled DNA–dye molecules on magnetic microspheres with ultralarge coding capacity for suspension arrays","authors":"Xueqin Liu, Desheng Ren, Bingjie Zheng, Yao Zhang, Yuqing Qin, Yonggang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138296","url":null,"abstract":"As the central element of suspension arrays, fluorescent-encoded microspheres have become a prevalent technology for multi-index organism detection. The agglomeration and self-quenching effect of fluorescent materials at high concentration is one of the main reasons the coding capacity of fluorescent coding microsphere fails to rise. To overcome these shortcomings, this study proposed a preparation method for fluorescent-encoded microspheres by stereo-assembling two dye molecules on magnetic microspheres. The coding capacity of fluorescent microspheres prepared by this developed method in the same particle size with two colors is 104 based on the variation of type and concentration of DNA–dye molecules, which is the largest coding capacity compared with that reported previously. These encoding microspheres exhibit excellent stability for long-term storage. Two kinds of fluorescent microspheres (i.e., S4R5 and S4R7) were chosen to fix specific captured antibodies for simultaneous detection of classical tumor markers, including alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen; a “sandwich” type immunoassay via flow cytometry was used to demonstrate the ability of the developed suspension array to detect multiple targets simultaneously. StayGold, a kind of green fluorescent protein, was expressed as probe labeled onto detecting antibodies. For the detection of alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen, we achieved a wide linear range of 1×10<sup>1</sup>–1×10<sup>5<!-- --> </sup>pg/mL (<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.9915) and 5×10<sup>1</sup>–2.5×10<sup>5<!-- --> </sup>pg/mL (<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.9903) while meeting the detection limits of 3.7 and 7.8<!-- --> <!-- -->pg/mL, respectively. This developed suspension array detection system shows great alternative prospects in multiple analysis across various fields, including clinical diagnostics, genomics, proteomics, environmental monitoring, and drug screening.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Aller Pellitero, Patrick Severin Sfragano, Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez, María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
{"title":"Revealing the impact of temperature on electrochemical, DNA-based sensors to correct signaling fluctuations","authors":"Miguel Aller Pellitero, Patrick Severin Sfragano, Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez, María Jesús Lobo-Castañón","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138279","url":null,"abstract":"Developing convenient and easy-to-use analysis tools for real-world applications requires sensing approaches that enable rapid, reagentless, and in situ quantitation of diverse molecular targets. Electrochemical, DNA-based (E-DNA) sensors meet these needs by utilizing conformational changes in electrode-bound, redox reporter-modified DNA probes upon target binding. The recognition event alters the electron transfer rate from the redox reporter, which can be monitored using square wave voltammetry by synchronizing the excitation frequency with the charge transfer rate. However, the kinetic nature of the surface-bound sensing process makes signaling strongly temperature-dependent, an aspect that has been widely overlooked and that restricts the application of E-DNA sensors to temperature-controlled environments. Here, we explore the relationship between electrochemical signal, square wave frequency, and temperature across different DNA constructs. By doing so, we identified the architectures most susceptible to temperature-induced signal fluctuations and developed two straightforward correction strategies. These approaches are particularly effective for electrochemical, aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors, enabling accurate and stable measurements over a wide temperature range, from 22 ºC to 37 ºC. By eliminating the significant influence of temperature on signaling, we broaden the applicability of E-DNA sensors, enhancing their performance for point-of-care testing, continuous molecular monitoring, and other real-world scenarios where temperature fluctuations are unavoidable.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xueying Gao, Luning Wang, Yi Chen, Xi Ma, Minyi Hui, Zhouping Wang, Xiaoyuan Ma
{"title":"A Facile Aptasensor Based on Au Dimers and Carbon Dots for SERS/Fluorescence Dual-Mode Detection of AFB1","authors":"Xueying Gao, Luning Wang, Yi Chen, Xi Ma, Minyi Hui, Zhouping Wang, Xiaoyuan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138297","url":null,"abstract":"A dual-signal aptasensor that integrates Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and fluorescence has been developed for the sensitive detection of aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>). 2,2'-bipyridine ethylene (BPE) linked to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through \"Au-N\" bonds formed Au dimers with nanogaps. These were functionalized with complementary DNA (cDNA) of the AFB<sub>1</sub> apt, serving as both a Raman signal probe and a fluorescence quencher. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>-carbon dots (CDs), modified with the AFB<sub>1</sub> apt, functioned as a fluorescent magnetic substrate facilitating efficient separation. The components assembled into a satellite-like structure, which maximized SERS signals while simultaneously quenching fluorescence. Upon the addition of AFB<sub>1</sub>, the Raman probe was released, leading to a reduction in SERS signals and recovery of fluorescence. The sensor demonstrated an extensive linear detection range from 10⁻⁴ to 10² ng/mL, accompanied by an ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.066<!-- --> <!-- -->pg/kg. Spiked recovery rates in peanut, rice, and corn samples ranged from 100.35% to 109.75%, indicating high accuracy and applicability for AFB<sub>1</sub> detection in real-world samples.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power-law Response for P-type MOS Gas Sensors","authors":"Jiaqi Gao, Shurui Fan, Liying Han, Zhongqiu Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138300","url":null,"abstract":"Power-law response has been recognized as a typical characteristic of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors and could be used to reveal the underlying sensing mechanism. Power-law response could be simply regarded as a result from the basic electronic conduction and mass action of oxygen with surface of MOS, which is the basic of the transducer function and reception function, respectively. Generally, studies on power-law response were focused on n-type MOS gas sensors, whereas, p-type one is far from rich. Considering that power-law response has been evidenced and reported for p-type MOS gas sensors, the present work aimed at elaborating the power-law response from both theoretical and experimental aspects. Finally, a theoretical model of power-law response was built for p-type MOS gas sensors and has been valid by experimental results. It would helpful to highlight the objective and novelty of the study as well as the impact on the gas sensing field.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}