Journal of Xenobiotics最新文献_第3页

Toxicity of Crude Oil Wastewater Treated with Nano-ZnO as a Photocatalyst on Labeo rohita: A Biochemical and Physiological Investigation. 用纳米氧化锌作为光催化剂处理的原油废水对鲮鱼的毒性：生化和生理学研究。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010025

Zahra Mousaviyon, Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz, Mahdi Banaee, Saeid Khodadoust, Ali Reza Pourkhabbaz, Abha Trivedi, Caterina Faggio, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti

{"title":"Toxicity of Crude Oil Wastewater Treated with Nano-ZnO as a Photocatalyst on Labeo rohita: A Biochemical and Physiological Investigation.","authors":"Zahra Mousaviyon, Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz, Mahdi Banaee, Saeid Khodadoust, Ali Reza Pourkhabbaz, Abha Trivedi, Caterina Faggio, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti","doi":"10.3390/jox15010025","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010025","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the water-soluble fraction of crude oil (WSFO) on Indian carp (Labeo rohita) with and without treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO). A total of 225 fish were randomly assigned to five groups in triplicate for 21 days. Group I served as the control group. Groups II and III were exposed to 0.5% and 1% untreated WSFO, respectively. Groups IV and V received 5% and 10% WSFO treated with Nano-ZnO, while Groups VI and VII received 5% and 10% WSFO treated without Nano-ZnO. No blood samples were obtained from fish exposed to untreated WSFO, due to increased hemolysis. Exposure to treated WSFO increased creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities, while alanine aminotransferase activity decreased. Although a significant decrease was observed in total protein, globulin, and triglyceride levels, albumin and cholesterol increased. Thiol groups and glutathione peroxidase activity significantly decreased, while superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde levels increased. The findings showed that exposure to WSFO, whether treated or untreated, induces significant biochemical and oxidative stress responses in Labeo rohita. Although WSFO treated with Nano-ZnO mitigated hemolysis, it was unable to prevent enzyme and antioxidant imbalances, indicating persistent physiological stress.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uterine Microbiota and Bisphenols: Novel Influencers in Reproductive Health. 子宫微生物群与双酚：生殖健康的新影响因素。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010026

Dafne Castellanos-Ruiz, J Gerardo Ojeda-Borbolla, Olga V Ruiz-García, Sheila I Peña-Corona, Annia A Martínez-Peña, María Elena Ibarra-Rubio, Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz, C Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez

{"title":"Uterine Microbiota and Bisphenols: Novel Influencers in Reproductive Health.","authors":"Dafne Castellanos-Ruiz, J Gerardo Ojeda-Borbolla, Olga V Ruiz-García, Sheila I Peña-Corona, Annia A Martínez-Peña, María Elena Ibarra-Rubio, Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz, C Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez","doi":"10.3390/jox15010026","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010026","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility affects 8-12% of couples worldwide, and 30-75% of preclinical pregnancy losses are due to a failure during the implantation process. Exposure to endocrine disruptors, like bisphenols, among others, has been associated with the increase in infertility observed in the past decades. An increase in infertility has correlated with exposure to endocrine disruptors like bisphenols. The uterus harbors its own microbiota, and changes in this microbiota have been linked to several gynecological conditions, including reproductive failure. There are no studies on the effects of bisphenols on the uterine-microbiota composition, but some inferences can be gleaned by looking at the gut. Bisphenols can alter the gut microbiota, and the molecular mechanism by which gut microbiota regulates intestinal permeability involves Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and tight junction (TJ) proteins. TJs participate in embryo implantation in the uterus, but bisphenol exposure disrupts the expression and localization of TJ proteins. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the microbiota of the female reproductive tract (FRT), its association with different reproductive diseases-particularly reproductive failure-the effects of bisphenols on microbiota composition and reproductive health, and the molecular mechanisms regulating uterine-microbiota interactions crucial for embryo implantation. This review also highlights existing knowledge gaps and outlines research needs for future risk assessments regarding the effects of bisphenols on reproduction.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Standardized Procedure to Extract Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Different Matrices: A Kit for HPLC-UV Detection.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010023

Francesco Chiara, Sarah Allegra, Elisa Arrigo, Daniela Di Grazia, Francesco Maximillian Anthony Shelton Agar, Raluca Elena Abalai, Sara Gilardi, Silvia De Francia, Daniele Mancardi

{"title":"New Standardized Procedure to Extract Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Different Matrices: A Kit for HPLC-UV Detection.","authors":"Francesco Chiara, Sarah Allegra, Elisa Arrigo, Daniela Di Grazia, Francesco Maximillian Anthony Shelton Agar, Raluca Elena Abalai, Sara Gilardi, Silvia De Francia, Daniele Mancardi","doi":"10.3390/jox15010023","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glyphosate has been extensively used as herbicide since the early 1970s. The daily exposure limit is set at 0.3 mg/kg bw/d in Europe and 1.75 mg/kg bw/d in the USA. Among its derivatives, aminomethylphosphonic acid is the most stable and abundant. Understanding their biological effects then requires reliable methods for quantification in biological samples.Methods: We developed and validated a fast, low-cost, and reliable chromatographic method for determining glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid concentrations. The validation included following parameters: specificity, selectivity, matrix effect, accuracy, precision, calibration performance, limit of quantification, recovery, and stability. Sample extraction employed an anion exchange resin with elution using hydrochloric acid 50.0 mmol/L. For HPLC analysis, analytes were derivatized, separated on a C18 column with a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (0.20 mol/L, pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (85:15), and detected at 240 nm.Results: The method demonstrated high reliability and reproducibility across various matrices. Its performance met all validation criteria, confirming its suitability for quantifying glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in different biological and experimental setups.Conclusions: This method can offer a practical resource for applications in experimental research, medical diagnostics, quality control, and food safety.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Coupled with a High-Throughput, High-Content Platform in the Exploration of Neurodevelopmental Toxicity of Individual and Combined PFAS.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010024

Seth D Currie, David Blake Benson, Zhong-Ru Xie, Jia-Sheng Wang, Lili Tang

{"title":"Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Coupled with a High-Throughput, High-Content Platform in the Exploration of Neurodevelopmental Toxicity of Individual and Combined PFAS.","authors":"Seth D Currie, David Blake Benson, Zhong-Ru Xie, Jia-Sheng Wang, Lili Tang","doi":"10.3390/jox15010024","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010024","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals used in various products, such as firefighting foams and non-stick cookware, due to their resistance to heat and degradation. However, these same properties make them persistent in the environment and human body, raising public health concerns. This study selected eleven PFAS commonly found in drinking water and exposed Caenorhabditis elegans to concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 200 µM to assess neurodevelopmental toxicity using a high-throughput, high-content screening (HTS) platform coupled with artificial intelligence for image analysis. Our findings showed that PFAS such as 6:2 FTS, HFPO-DA, PFBA, PFBS, PFHxA, and PFOS inhibited dopaminergic neuron activity, with fluorescence intensity reductions observed across concentrations from 0.1 to 100 µM. PFOS and PFBS also disrupted synaptic transmission, causing reduced motility and increased paralysis in aldicarb-induced assays, with the most pronounced effects at higher concentrations. These impairments in both neuron activity and synaptic function led to behavioral deficits. Notably, PFOS was one of the most toxic PFAS, affecting multiple neurodevelopmental endpoints. These results emphasize the developmental risks of PFAS exposure, highlighting the impact of both individual compounds and mixtures on neurodevelopment. This knowledge is essential for assessing PFAS-related health risks and informing mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Assessment Arising from the Exposure of Terrestrial Vertebrates to Soil Contamination: Learning from Field Lizards of the Podarcis Genus.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010021

Rosaria Scudiero, Teresa Chianese, Patrizia Cretì, Luigi Rosati

{"title":"Risk Assessment Arising from the Exposure of Terrestrial Vertebrates to Soil Contamination: Learning from Field Lizards of the Podarcis Genus.","authors":"Rosaria Scudiero, Teresa Chianese, Patrizia Cretì, Luigi Rosati","doi":"10.3390/jox15010021","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010021","url":null,"abstract":"The soil environment has been considered capable of storing toxic substances without serious consequences for the inhabitants since plants are able to bioaccumulate pollutants without compromising their survival. The application of chemicals to increase soil productivity and the dumping of waste have worsened soil quality. Recently, following a greater awareness of the importance of monitoring the damage deriving from the consumption of contaminated crops for humans and of the protection of biodiversity, studies aimed at identifying the effects of soil contamination on terrestrial animals have increased considerably. Studies using field lizards as model organisms fit into this scenario; this research has shed light on the uptake, accumulation, and toxicity of soil pollutants on reptiles. This review summarizes data collected on lizards of the Podarcis genus, a group of resilient wild species capable of living in both pristine and anthropized areas; the data reveal that many of the effects recorded in lizard tissues at the molecular, biochemical, and histological levels are independent of the chemical composition of the contaminants and are mostly linked to the type of cellular response. Overall, these studies confirm Podarcis lizards as a good model system in ecotoxicological and cytotoxicological research, providing an accurate description of the effects of pollutants, clarifying the defense mechanisms activated in relation to different exposure routes and, finally, providing predictive information on the risks faced by other animals. Since the effects recorded in lizards have often also been observed in mammals, it can be concluded that the results obtained from studies on these animals can be translated to other terrestrial vertebrates, including mammals.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remodeling of Embryo Architecture in Response to Vanadium and Increased Temperatures: From Morphometric to Molecular Changes.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010022

Roberto Chiarelli, Chiara Martino, Rosaria Scudiero, Alessio Terenzi, Fabiana Geraci

{"title":"Remodeling of Embryo Architecture in Response to Vanadium and Increased Temperatures: From Morphometric to Molecular Changes.","authors":"Roberto Chiarelli, Chiara Martino, Rosaria Scudiero, Alessio Terenzi, Fabiana Geraci","doi":"10.3390/jox15010022","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010022","url":null,"abstract":"The study of ecotoxicity induced by vanadium (V) represents an area of increasing interest due to the growing use of V in both the industrial and pharmaceutical areas. This leads to its introduction into water environments, marking a developing problem, especially since rising global temperatures appear to intensify its toxic properties. Cytotoxicological approaches carried out on whole marine embryos represent a valid research tool since they grow directly in contact with the pollutants and are equipped with highly responsive cells to stressors. Here, we discuss the detrimental impact on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos resulting from the combination of V and higher temperatures, reflecting the effects of climate variation. The results demonstrate the remodeling of embryonic architecture at the morphometric level, revealing developmental delays and anomalies. These malformations involve variations in the total skeletal mass due to the almost total absence of the skeleton, with the exception of small calcareous aggregates. Furthermore, both a modulation in total tissue remodeling enzymatic activities and a variation in the amount of three MMP-like gelatinases (MMP-2, -9, and -14) were observed. This research demonstrates that climate change significantly increases the harmful effects of V, emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive toxicity assessments in environmental evaluations.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Chronic Alcohol Intake on the Composition of the Ensemble of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters in the Human Liver.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010020

Kari A Gaither, Guihua Yue, Dilip Kumar Singh, Julia Trudeau, Kannapiran Ponraj, Nadezhda Y Davydova, Philip Lazarus, Dmitri R Davydov, Bhagwat Prasad

{"title":"Effects of Chronic Alcohol Intake on the Composition of the Ensemble of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters in the Human Liver.","authors":"Kari A Gaither, Guihua Yue, Dilip Kumar Singh, Julia Trudeau, Kannapiran Ponraj, Nadezhda Y Davydova, Philip Lazarus, Dmitri R Davydov, Bhagwat Prasad","doi":"10.3390/jox15010020","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010020","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, to better understand the mechanisms of the profound impact of alcohol consumption on drug pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and toxicity, we characterized the alcohol-induced changes in the ensemble of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) in the human liver by performing global proteomic analysis of human liver microsomes from 94 donors. DMET protein levels were analyzed concerning alcohol consumption, smoking history, and sex using non-parametric tests, which were further strengthened by correlational analysis. To this end, we used a provisional index of alcohol exposure formulated based on the relative abundances of four marker proteins best correlating with the level of alcohol consumption. Alcohol-induced changes in the cytochrome P450 pool include significant increases in CYP2E1, CYP2B6, CYP2J2, and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase levels and the lowering of CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP4A11, and cytochrome b5. Changes in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) abundances comprise elevated UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2A1, and reduced UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT2B7, UGT2B10, and UGT2B15 levels. Tobacco smokers showed elevated CYP1A2, UGT1A6, and UGT2B4 and reduced FMO3, FMO4, and FMO5 levels, while in females, CYP1A2, UGT2B17, and UGT2B15 levels were lower, and UGT2A3 and STS were higher compared to males. The alcohol-induced changes in the DMET ensemble at the protein level reported herein provide deep insights into how alcohol impacts drug and xenobiotic metabolism.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Unique Capability of Endolysin to Tackle Antibiotic Resistance: Cracking the Barrier.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010019

Abdus Sabur, Angkan Khan, B Borphukan, Abdur Razzak, M Salimullah, Muslima Khatun

{"title":"The Unique Capability of Endolysin to Tackle Antibiotic Resistance: Cracking the Barrier.","authors":"Abdus Sabur, Angkan Khan, B Borphukan, Abdur Razzak, M Salimullah, Muslima Khatun","doi":"10.3390/jox15010019","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010019","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of new antibacterial medicines and the rapid rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics pose a major threat to individuals and healthcare systems. Despite the availability of various antibiotics, bacterial resistance has emerged for almost every antibiotic discovered to date. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains has rendered some infections nearly untreatable, posing severe challenges to health care. Thus, the development of alternatives to conventional antibiotics is critical for the treatment of both humans and food-producing animals. Endolysins, which are peptidoglycan hydrolases encoded by bacteriophages, represent a promising new class of antimicrobials. Preliminary research suggests that endolysins are more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria when administered exogenously, although they can still damage the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Numerous endolysins have a modular domain structure that divides their binding and catalytic activity into distinct subunits, which helps maximize their bioengineering and potential drug development. Endolysins and endolysin-derived antimicrobials offer several advantages as antibiotic substitutes. They have a unique mechanism of action and efficacy against bacterial persisters (without requiring an active host metabolism); subsequently, they target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (including antibiotic-resistant strains), and mycobacteria. Furthermore, there has been limited evidence of endolysin being resistant. Because these enzymes target highly conserved links, resistance may develop more slowly compared to traditional antibiotics. This review provides an overview and insight of the potential applications of endolysins as novel antimicrobials.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution of Environmental Phenols into Follicular Fluid and Urine of Women Attending Infertility Clinic.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010017

Anna Klimowska, Joanna Jurewicz, Michał Radwan, Paweł Radwan, Paweł Pol, Bartosz Wielgomas

{"title":"Distribution of Environmental Phenols into Follicular Fluid and Urine of Women Attending Infertility Clinic.","authors":"Anna Klimowska, Joanna Jurewicz, Michał Radwan, Paweł Radwan, Paweł Pol, Bartosz Wielgomas","doi":"10.3390/jox15010017","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010017","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility and environmental pollution are two globally prevalent and related issues. To explore women's reproductive health, the composition of follicular fluid (FF) has been studied and it was found that changes to its composition, including the presence of exogenous chemicals, can adversely affect the fertilization process. Two groups of women (idiopathic infertility and controls) who were patients at a fertility clinic were recruited for this study. Samples of urine and FF were gathered from each participant to determine the concentration of 14 common phenols (four parabens, six bisphenols, two benzophenones, and two naphthols). Associations between phenol concentrations (free and total) in both matrices were described using Spearman's correlation coefficient and were compared between two groups by the Mann-Whitney U test. Eight phenols were quantified in more than 50% of the urine samples, while only three parabens were quantified in hydrolyzed FF samples, and only methylparaben was quantified in non-hydrolyzed FF samples. Conjugates were the predominant form in FF samples. However, a significant correlation of 0.533 (p < 0.0001) was observed between free and total methylparaben concentrations in FF. Differences in concentrations between cases and controls in both matrices were not statistically significant, except for benzophenone-3 in urine, with a higher median observed in the control group (p = 0.04). The total paraben concentrations in urine and FF samples were rather weakly correlated (r = 0.232-0.473), implying that urine concentrations may not be appropriate for predicting their concentration in FF.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Apis mellifera as a Model Species to Evaluate Toxicological Effects of Fungicides Used in Vineyard Agroecosystems.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010018

Tommaso Campani, Ginevra Manieri, Ilaria Caliani, Agata Di Noi, Silvia Casini

{"title":"Apis mellifera as a Model Species to Evaluate Toxicological Effects of Fungicides Used in Vineyard Agroecosystems.","authors":"Tommaso Campani, Ginevra Manieri, Ilaria Caliani, Agata Di Noi, Silvia Casini","doi":"10.3390/jox15010018","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010018","url":null,"abstract":"Agroecosystems provide habitats, food, and water for many pollinators and insects, but they are also heavily exposed to threats from the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers. Managed honeybees and wild bees encounter pesticides in vineyards by collecting morning dew from vine leaves and accessing sugars from grapes, particularly during dry periods. This study assessed the toxicological effects of the commercial fungicide formulations Fantic FNCWG® and Ramedit combi®, both individually and in combination, on honeybees. Using a multi-biomarker approach, we evaluated neurotoxicity, metabolic disturbances, phase II detoxification processes, and immune system function. Our findings revealed that commercial fungicide mixtures with multiple active ingredients affect bees differently than single active compounds. Biomarker responses highlighted how these complex mixtures disrupt various enzymatic pathways; including immune function; altering critical enzyme kinetics involved in detoxification and potentially impairing essential bee functions. This study emphasizes the need for more comprehensive research into the sublethal effects of commercial pesticides, particularly those used in vineyards, which are understudied compared to pesticides used in orchards.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0