Journal of Xenobiotics最新文献

Synthetic Cathinones Induce Developmental Arrest, Reduce Reproductive Capacity, and Shorten Lifespan in the C. elegans Model.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010033

Cristina Mendes, Daniela Maia, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Fernando Remião, Renata Silva, Daniel José Barbosa

{"title":"Synthetic Cathinones Induce Developmental Arrest, Reduce Reproductive Capacity, and Shorten Lifespan in the C. elegans Model.","authors":"Cristina Mendes, Daniela Maia, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Fernando Remião, Renata Silva, Daniel José Barbosa","doi":"10.3390/jox15010033","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010033","url":null,"abstract":"Drug abuse presents a significant global health challenge as the illicit drug market progresses from classic drugs to a growing prevalence of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), particularly synthetic cathinones, which, although illegal, are often falsely marketed as safe and legal alternatives. The rapid increase in the use of these drugs complicates the assessment of their safety and effects on human health. However, they pose unique toxicological concerns that remain largely uncharacterized. This study investigated the toxic effects of three synthetic cathinones, namely, methylone, pentedrone, and 4-methylethcathinone (4-MEC), using the model organism C. elegans. We assessed the impact of these substances on animal survival, development, reproductive behavior, and longevity. Our results showed that short-term exposure (24 h) to concentrations of 5.0 mM or higher significantly reduced animal survival rates, while prolonged exposure (72 h) led to more pronounced toxicity, significantly reducing survival rates at concentrations as low as 1.0 mM. Moreover, sublethal concentrations resulted in developmental arrest. Additionally, pentedrone impaired reproductive capacity, while 4-MEC significantly shortened C. elegans lifespan. These findings highlight the urgent need for further investigation into the implications of synthetic cathinone use on human health through in vivo models as their prevalence in the illicit drug market continues to rise.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antifungal Natural Products Originating from Endophytic and Rhizospheric Microbes Isolated from Coastal Vegetation.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010032

Sumali Lakmini Dissanayake Jayaweera, Thi Thu Hao Van, Daniel Anthony Dias

{"title":"Antifungal Natural Products Originating from Endophytic and Rhizospheric Microbes Isolated from Coastal Vegetation.","authors":"Sumali Lakmini Dissanayake Jayaweera, Thi Thu Hao Van, Daniel Anthony Dias","doi":"10.3390/jox15010032","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010032","url":null,"abstract":"Candida infections severely impact patients who are immunocompromised. Currently, there are limited options to treat fungal infections, especially drug-resistant-fungal infections. Therefore, investigating alternative or repurposed antifungals is paramount. Endophytic microbes (EMs) and rhizospheric microbes (RMs) emerge as promising reservoirs of bioactive natural compounds. Interestingly, plants that have adapted to various environmental conditions harbour a plethora of microbes producing a variety of bioactive natural products that can be assessed for potential antifungal activity. To date, EMs and RMs residing in coastal plants and their associated antifungals have not been extensively studied or reviewed. Therefore, this comprehensive review will focus on antifungal natural products, extracted from coastal-vegetation-associated microbiota to draw the attention of research in this field. A comprehensive literature search was conducted by examining both Scopus and Google Scholar databases during the period of 2013-2024 related to the following coastal vegetation: mangroves, sand dune plants, salt marsh plants, and seagrasses. To date, 65 novel antifungal compounds derived from coastal-plant EMs and RMs have been identified. Mangroves were found to be the most prominent host harbouring antifungal-producing EMs and RMs compared with other coastal plants. Coastal-plant-associated fungal partners were the most prominent producers of antifungals compared to their bacterial counterparts. Fifty-four fungal-EM/RM derived antifungals have been reported to demonstrate activities against plant pathogenic fungi as well as human fungal pathogens. Most of the bacterial-derived antifungals (11 antifungals) have previously been reported to have antifungal activity against Candida albicans.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degradation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by Biosurfactant-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa NG4. 产生生物表面活性剂的铜绿假单胞菌 NG4 降解多芳烃。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010031

Shivangi Sankhyan, Prasun Kumar, Soumya Pandit, Kuldeep Sharma, Subhasree Ray

{"title":"Degradation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by Biosurfactant-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa NG4.","authors":"Shivangi Sankhyan, Prasun Kumar, Soumya Pandit, Kuldeep Sharma, Subhasree Ray","doi":"10.3390/jox15010031","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010031","url":null,"abstract":"Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic pollutants commonly found in the environment due to industrial activities, incomplete burning of fossil fuels, and oil spills. Bioremediation of PAHs has emerged as a promising approach. This study investigated the biodegradation of PAHs (anthracene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthraquinone, and anthrone) at 100 ppm to 1000 ppm in the presence of glucose and glycerol by a biosurfactant-producing strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NG4. The quality of the biosurfactant produced by the bacterial strain was analyzed via emulsion index (E24), drop-collapse assay, and oil displacement assay. The PAH degradation efficiency was studied by HPLC and degradation metabolites were analyzed using GC-MS. Among all five PAHs (fed at 300 ppm), the highest degradation rates of 91.16 ± 3.64% naphthalene and 41.16 ± 1.64% anthrone were observed by P. aeruginosa NG4 after 10 days of incubation. The assessment of degradation intermediate metabolites revealed the PAH catabolism via the dioxygenase route, which plays a key role in the breakdown of these aromatic compounds. Biodegradation of anthrone by P. aeruginosa NG4 at a 300 ppm level in the media was reported for the first time. This study highlights the potential of P. aeruginosa NG4 as a candidate for the development of bioremediation strategies to mitigate environmental pollution caused by persistent organic pollutants like PAHs.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategies for the Remediation of Micro- and Nanoplastics from Contaminated Food and Water: Advancements and Challenges. 从受污染的食品和水中修复微塑料和纳米塑料的战略：进展与挑战》。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010030

Manikant Tripathi, Pankaj Singh, Sukriti Pathak, Ramaswamy Manimekalai, Diksha Garg, Kavya Dashora

{"title":"Strategies for the Remediation of Micro- and Nanoplastics from Contaminated Food and Water: Advancements and Challenges.","authors":"Manikant Tripathi, Pankaj Singh, Sukriti Pathak, Ramaswamy Manimekalai, Diksha Garg, Kavya Dashora","doi":"10.3390/jox15010030","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010030","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) pollution is a significant concern for ecosystems worldwide. The continuous generation and extensive utilization of synthetic plastics have led to the widespread contamination of water and food resources with MNPs. These pollutants originate from daily-use products and industrial waste. Remediation of such pollutants is essential to protect ecosystems and human health since these ubiquitous contaminants pose serious biological and environmental hazards by contaminating food chains, water sources, and the air. Various remediation techniques, including physical, chemical, sophisticated filtration, microbial bioremediation, and adsorption employing novel materials, provide encouraging avenues for tackling this worldwide issue. The biotechnological approaches stand out as effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable solutions for managing these toxic pollutants. However, the complexity of MNP pollution presents significant challenges in its management and regulation. Addressing these challenges requires cross-disciplinary research efforts to develop and implement more efficient, sustainable, eco-friendly, and scalable techniques for mitigating widespread MNP pollution. This review explores the various sources of micro- and nanoplastic contamination in water and food resources, their toxic impacts, remediation strategies-including advanced biotechnological approaches-and the challenges in treating these pollutants to alleviate their effects on ecosystems and human health.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal Cumulated Dose of Toxic Metal(loid)s in a Population Residing near Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Waste Stacks and an Industrial Heavily Polluted Area with High Mortality Rates in Spain.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010029

Manuel Contreras-Llanes, Juan Alguacil, Rocío Capelo, José Luis Gómez-Ariza, Javier García-Pérez, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Piedad Martin-Olmedo, Vanessa Santos-Sánchez

{"title":"Internal Cumulated Dose of Toxic Metal(loid)s in a Population Residing near Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Waste Stacks and an Industrial Heavily Polluted Area with High Mortality Rates in Spain.","authors":"Manuel Contreras-Llanes, Juan Alguacil, Rocío Capelo, José Luis Gómez-Ariza, Javier García-Pérez, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Piedad Martin-Olmedo, Vanessa Santos-Sánchez","doi":"10.3390/jox15010029","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010029","url":null,"abstract":"Huelva is a city in SW Spain with 150,000 inhabitants, located in the proximity of two heavy chemical industry complexes, the highest naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) waste (phosphogypsum) stacks of Europe and a highly polluted estuary, with elevated cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality rates. This study analyses the association between cumulated exposure levels to 16 metal(loid)s (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, U, V, and Zn) measured in the toenail of a sample (n = 55 participants) of the general control population of Huelva City who were involved in the MCC-Spain study and the spatial proximity patterns to the local polluting sources. Residents of the city of Huelva have higher levels of Fe, Ni, Cr, Se, As, and Co in their toenails compared to the levels found in populations with similar characteristics living in non-polluted areas. Moreover, the highest concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, Mo, and Se were found in toenails of participants living near the NORM waste stack, while the highest Cu, Zn, and Al contents corresponded to people residing near the industrial area. The spatial distribution of most of the metal(loid)s studied appears to be mainly controlled by anthropogenic factors.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Trimethylamine N-Oxide on Atrial Fibrillation Presence in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010028

Cristian Marius Florea, Radu Ovidiu Rosu, Ioan Alexandru Minciuna, Gabriel Cismaru, Dana Pop, Ana-Maria Vlase, Iuliana Nenu, Gabriela Adriana Filip

{"title":"The Impact of Trimethylamine N-Oxide on Atrial Fibrillation Presence in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Cristian Marius Florea, Radu Ovidiu Rosu, Ioan Alexandru Minciuna, Gabriel Cismaru, Dana Pop, Ana-Maria Vlase, Iuliana Nenu, Gabriela Adriana Filip","doi":"10.3390/jox15010028","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Atrial fibrillation is the most common human heart rhythm disorder, yet its underlying causes remain largely unknown. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a by-product derived from the gut microbiota contributed by red meat, has been linked to numerous cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of serum TMAO levels on the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with cardiovascular disease. Results: Utilizing a cross-sectional study design, fasting serum TMAO levels were measured and compared between 153 patients without cardiovascular disease and patients hospitalized for cardiovascular disease, stratified by the presence or absence of atrial fibrillation. While patients with more comorbidities had higher TMAO overall, the TMAO levels were not significantly different between cardiovascular disease patients with and without atrial fibrillation (p = 0.57). Moreover, there was no difference between atrial fibrillation progression phenotypes (p = 0.27). In multivariate analysis, a significant association was found with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (p = 0.04) and chronic kidney disease (p < 0.001), but there was no significant association between TMAO and atrial fibrillation (p = 0.9). Conclusions: Serum TMAO levels are not associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation and disease progression phenotypes in patients with cardiovascular disease, but are associated with ASCVD and CKD.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Residential Proximity Land Use Characteristics and Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds' Impact on Pulmonary Function in Asthmatic Children.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010027

Bo-Yu Hsiao, Chun-Sheng Huang, Chang-Fu Wu, Kuo-Liong Chien, Hsiao-Yu Yang

{"title":"Residential Proximity Land Use Characteristics and Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds' Impact on Pulmonary Function in Asthmatic Children.","authors":"Bo-Yu Hsiao, Chun-Sheng Huang, Chang-Fu Wu, Kuo-Liong Chien, Hsiao-Yu Yang","doi":"10.3390/jox15010027","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urban air pollution adversely affects children's respiratory systems, but the impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on children's pulmonary function remains unclear. This study aims to identify exhaled VOCs linked to land use characteristics and reduced pulmonary function in asthmatic children, as well as to explore environmental thresholds influencing VOC exposure levels.Methods: We enrolled 97 asthmatic children, aged 7 to 20, from Changhua County, Taiwan, and collected personal and residential data, collected exhaled VOC samples, and conducted pulmonary function tests. Land use characteristics were derived from the children's residential addresses. This study used two models to explore the relationships between land use, VOC levels, and pulmonary function.Results: Our results show that m/p-xylene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene were key contributors to FEV1/FVC and significantly predicted FEV1/FVC < 90% (AUC = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.79). These VOCs were also linked to major road areas within a 300 m buffer around children's homes.Conclusions: This study fills a research gap on low-level outdoor VOC exposure and pediatric respiratory health, examining 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and m/p-xylene as potential biomarkers for impaired pulmonary function in children.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicity of Crude Oil Wastewater Treated with Nano-ZnO as a Photocatalyst on Labeo rohita: A Biochemical and Physiological Investigation. 用纳米氧化锌作为光催化剂处理的原油废水对鲮鱼的毒性：生化和生理学研究。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010025

Zahra Mousaviyon, Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz, Mahdi Banaee, Saeid Khodadoust, Ali Reza Pourkhabbaz, Abha Trivedi, Caterina Faggio, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti

{"title":"Toxicity of Crude Oil Wastewater Treated with Nano-ZnO as a Photocatalyst on Labeo rohita: A Biochemical and Physiological Investigation.","authors":"Zahra Mousaviyon, Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz, Mahdi Banaee, Saeid Khodadoust, Ali Reza Pourkhabbaz, Abha Trivedi, Caterina Faggio, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti","doi":"10.3390/jox15010025","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010025","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the water-soluble fraction of crude oil (WSFO) on Indian carp (Labeo rohita) with and without treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO). A total of 225 fish were randomly assigned to five groups in triplicate for 21 days. Group I served as the control group. Groups II and III were exposed to 0.5% and 1% untreated WSFO, respectively. Groups IV and V received 5% and 10% WSFO treated with Nano-ZnO, while Groups VI and VII received 5% and 10% WSFO treated without Nano-ZnO. No blood samples were obtained from fish exposed to untreated WSFO, due to increased hemolysis. Exposure to treated WSFO increased creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities, while alanine aminotransferase activity decreased. Although a significant decrease was observed in total protein, globulin, and triglyceride levels, albumin and cholesterol increased. Thiol groups and glutathione peroxidase activity significantly decreased, while superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde levels increased. The findings showed that exposure to WSFO, whether treated or untreated, induces significant biochemical and oxidative stress responses in Labeo rohita. Although WSFO treated with Nano-ZnO mitigated hemolysis, it was unable to prevent enzyme and antioxidant imbalances, indicating persistent physiological stress.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uterine Microbiota and Bisphenols: Novel Influencers in Reproductive Health. 子宫微生物群与双酚：生殖健康的新影响因素。

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010026

Dafne Castellanos-Ruiz, J Gerardo Ojeda-Borbolla, Olga V Ruiz-García, Sheila I Peña-Corona, Annia A Martínez-Peña, María Elena Ibarra-Rubio, Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz, C Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez

{"title":"Uterine Microbiota and Bisphenols: Novel Influencers in Reproductive Health.","authors":"Dafne Castellanos-Ruiz, J Gerardo Ojeda-Borbolla, Olga V Ruiz-García, Sheila I Peña-Corona, Annia A Martínez-Peña, María Elena Ibarra-Rubio, Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz, C Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez","doi":"10.3390/jox15010026","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010026","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility affects 8-12% of couples worldwide, and 30-75% of preclinical pregnancy losses are due to a failure during the implantation process. Exposure to endocrine disruptors, like bisphenols, among others, has been associated with the increase in infertility observed in the past decades. An increase in infertility has correlated with exposure to endocrine disruptors like bisphenols. The uterus harbors its own microbiota, and changes in this microbiota have been linked to several gynecological conditions, including reproductive failure. There are no studies on the effects of bisphenols on the uterine-microbiota composition, but some inferences can be gleaned by looking at the gut. Bisphenols can alter the gut microbiota, and the molecular mechanism by which gut microbiota regulates intestinal permeability involves Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and tight junction (TJ) proteins. TJs participate in embryo implantation in the uterus, but bisphenol exposure disrupts the expression and localization of TJ proteins. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the microbiota of the female reproductive tract (FRT), its association with different reproductive diseases-particularly reproductive failure-the effects of bisphenols on microbiota composition and reproductive health, and the molecular mechanisms regulating uterine-microbiota interactions crucial for embryo implantation. This review also highlights existing knowledge gaps and outlines research needs for future risk assessments regarding the effects of bisphenols on reproduction.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Standardized Procedure to Extract Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Different Matrices: A Kit for HPLC-UV Detection.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jox15010023

Francesco Chiara, Sarah Allegra, Elisa Arrigo, Daniela Di Grazia, Francesco Maximillian Anthony Shelton Agar, Raluca Elena Abalai, Sara Gilardi, Silvia De Francia, Daniele Mancardi

{"title":"New Standardized Procedure to Extract Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Different Matrices: A Kit for HPLC-UV Detection.","authors":"Francesco Chiara, Sarah Allegra, Elisa Arrigo, Daniela Di Grazia, Francesco Maximillian Anthony Shelton Agar, Raluca Elena Abalai, Sara Gilardi, Silvia De Francia, Daniele Mancardi","doi":"10.3390/jox15010023","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15010023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glyphosate has been extensively used as herbicide since the early 1970s. The daily exposure limit is set at 0.3 mg/kg bw/d in Europe and 1.75 mg/kg bw/d in the USA. Among its derivatives, aminomethylphosphonic acid is the most stable and abundant. Understanding their biological effects then requires reliable methods for quantification in biological samples.Methods: We developed and validated a fast, low-cost, and reliable chromatographic method for determining glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid concentrations. The validation included following parameters: specificity, selectivity, matrix effect, accuracy, precision, calibration performance, limit of quantification, recovery, and stability. Sample extraction employed an anion exchange resin with elution using hydrochloric acid 50.0 mmol/L. For HPLC analysis, analytes were derivatized, separated on a C18 column with a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (0.20 mol/L, pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (85:15), and detected at 240 nm.Results: The method demonstrated high reliability and reproducibility across various matrices. Its performance met all validation criteria, confirming its suitability for quantifying glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in different biological and experimental setups.Conclusions: This method can offer a practical resource for applications in experimental research, medical diagnostics, quality control, and food safety.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0