Journal of Xenobiotics最新文献

The Soil-Plant Continuity of Rare Earth Elements: Insights into an Enigmatic Class of Xenobiotics and Their Interactions with Plant Structures and Processes.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020046

Angela Martina, Lorenzo Ferroni, Elena Marrocchino

{"title":"The Soil-Plant Continuity of Rare Earth Elements: Insights into an Enigmatic Class of Xenobiotics and Their Interactions with Plant Structures and Processes.","authors":"Angela Martina, Lorenzo Ferroni, Elena Marrocchino","doi":"10.3390/jox15020046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020046","url":null,"abstract":"Rare earth elements (REEs) are increasingly present in the environment owing to their extensive use in modern industries, yet their interactions with plants remain poorly understood. This review explores the soil-plant continuum of REEs, focusing on their geochemical behavior in soil, the mechanisms of plant uptake, and fractionation processes. While REEs are not essential for plant metabolism, they interact with plant structures and interfere with the normal functioning of biological macromolecules. Accordingly, the influence of REEs on the fundamental physiological functions of plants is reviewed, including calcium-mediated signalling and plant morphogenesis. Special attention is paid to the interaction of REEs with photosynthetic machinery and, particularly, the thylakoid membrane. By examining both the beneficial effects at low concentrations and toxicity at higher levels, this review provides some mechanistic insights into the hormetic action of REEs. It is recommended that future research should address knowledge gaps related to the bioavailability of REEs to plants, as well as the short- and long-range transport mechanisms responsible for REE fractionation. A better understanding of REE-plant interactions will be critical in regard to assessing their ecological impact and the potential risks in terms of agricultural and natural ecosystems, to ensure that the benefits of using REEs are not at the expense of environmental integrity or human health.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erioflorin and Erioflorin Acetate Induce Cell Death in Advanced Prostate Cancer Through ROS Increase and NF-κB Inhibition.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020045

Cecilia Villegas, Iván González-Chavarría, Viviana Burgos, Jaime R Cabrera-Pardo, Bernd Schmidt, Cristian Paz

{"title":"Erioflorin and Erioflorin Acetate Induce Cell Death in Advanced Prostate Cancer Through ROS Increase and NF-κB Inhibition.","authors":"Cecilia Villegas, Iván González-Chavarría, Viviana Burgos, Jaime R Cabrera-Pardo, Bernd Schmidt, Cristian Paz","doi":"10.3390/jox15020045","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020045","url":null,"abstract":"Germacranes are a type of sesquiterpene lactones with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties against cancer cell lines. In this in vitro study, erioflorin and erioflorin acetate were isolated and purified from the leaves of Podanthus mitiqui Lindl (Mitique or Mitriu), a shrub endemic to Chile and traditionally used in Mapuche medicine to treat urinary and digestive disorders. Their effects on advanced prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145 and 22Rv1) were evaluated. Cytotoxicity was assessed using real-time cell death and clonogenic assays. Apoptosis was determined by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and apoptotic cell percentage through flow cytometry. Gene expression of BAX and BCL-2 was analyzed via RT-qPCR, while NF-κB activation was studied in DU-145 cells and human monocytic NF-κB reporter assays using LPS stimulation and alkaline phosphatase activity quantification. Erioflorin acetate exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 35.1 µM (22Rv1) and 27.3 µM (DU-145), compared to erioflorin, which had IC50 values of 50.3 µM and 56.5 µM, respectively. Both compounds increased ROS levels, reduced ΔΨm, and induced apoptosis. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that erioflorin elevated the BAX/BCL-2 ratio, and both compounds inhibited NF-κB activation by preventing IκBα phosphorylation. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that erioflorin and erioflorin acetate exert significant in vitro cytotoxic and cytostatic effects on prostate cancer cells, supporting their potential as natural candidates for prostate cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain Cytochrome P450: Navigating Neurological Health and Metabolic Regulation.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020044

Pradeepraj Durairaj, Zixiang Leonardo Liu

{"title":"Brain Cytochrome P450: Navigating Neurological Health and Metabolic Regulation.","authors":"Pradeepraj Durairaj, Zixiang Leonardo Liu","doi":"10.3390/jox15020044","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020044","url":null,"abstract":"Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in the brain represent a crucial frontier in neuroscience, with far-reaching implications for drug detoxification, cellular metabolism, and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The brain's complex architecture, composed of interconnected cell types and receptors, drives unique neuronal signaling pathways, modulates enzyme functions, and leads to distinct CYP gene expression and regulation patterns compared to the liver. Despite their relatively low levels of expression, brain CYPs exert significant influence on drug responses, neurotoxin susceptibility, behavior, and neurological disease risk. These enzymes are essential for maintaining brain homeostasis, mediating cholesterol turnover, and synthesizing and metabolizing neurochemicals, neurosteroids, and neurotransmitters. Moreover, they are key participants in oxidative stress responses, neuroprotection, and the regulation of inflammation. In addition to their roles in metabolizing psychotropic drugs, substances of abuse, and endogenous compounds, brain CYPs impact drug efficacy, safety, and resistance, underscoring their importance beyond traditional drug metabolism. Their involvement in critical physiological processes also links them to neuroprotection, with significant implications for the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the roles of cerebral CYP enzymes is vital for advancing neuroprotective strategies, personalizing treatments for brain disorders, and developing CNS-targeting therapeutics. This review explores the emerging roles of CYP enzymes, particularly those within the CYP1-3 and CYP46 families, highlighting their functional diversity and the pathological consequences of their dysregulation on neurological health. It also examines the potential of cerebral CYP-based biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, offering new avenues for therapeutic innovation.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models in Acute Chemical Incidents.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020042

Sydney Boone, Wenjie Sun, Pavani Gonnabathula, Jennifer Wu, Maureen F Orr, M Moiz Mumtaz, Patricia Ruiz

{"title":"Assessing the Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models in Acute Chemical Incidents.","authors":"Sydney Boone, Wenjie Sun, Pavani Gonnabathula, Jennifer Wu, Maureen F Orr, M Moiz Mumtaz, Patricia Ruiz","doi":"10.3390/jox15020042","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020042","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical release incidents in the United States involve hazardous chemicals that can harm nearby communities. A historical tracking of these chemical release incidents from 1991 to 2014 across up to 16 states has been conducted by The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), utilizing the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) and the National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP) systems. By analyzing surveillance data, patterns of these different chemical releases can be identified to develop and construct a health-protective course of action. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can simulate chemical exposures during acute chemical incidents. For a retrospective study of an acute chemical release in 2012, we examined the components necessary to integrate PBPK-modeled exposure assessments in ATSDR's Assessment of Chemical Exposure (ACE) program. We focused on data from a published investigation of vinyl chloride (VC) exposure to assess the utility of PBPK in evaluating exposures among residential populations near the release site. The initial estimate from the real-time air monitoring at the release site revealed that air levels greatly exceeded the Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL) of 1200 ppm, with PBPK models predicting corresponding VC blood levels of 3.17 mg/L. \"Real-time\" and \"after-action\" air modeling estimated VC levels at various distances from the release site over time. PBPK modeling provided insight into possible residential blood levels of VC over several days following the incident. These findings indicate that PBPK modeling could be valuable for reconstructing exposure scenarios associated with acute chemical releases.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Carbon Dots from Pinecones and Pine Bark for Amoxicillin and Tetracycline Detection: A Circular Economy Approach.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020043

Saheed O Sanni, Ajibola A Bayode, Hendrik G Brink, Nils H Haneklaus, Lin Fu, Jianping Shang, Hua-Jun Shawn Fan

{"title":"Green Carbon Dots from Pinecones and Pine Bark for Amoxicillin and Tetracycline Detection: A Circular Economy Approach.","authors":"Saheed O Sanni, Ajibola A Bayode, Hendrik G Brink, Nils H Haneklaus, Lin Fu, Jianping Shang, Hua-Jun Shawn Fan","doi":"10.3390/jox15020043","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020043","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the abuse of antibiotics has increased, leading to their presence in the environment. Therefore, a sustainable method for detecting these substances is crucial. Researchers have explored biomass-based carbon dots (CDs) to detect various contaminants, due to their low cost, environmental friendliness, and support of a circular economy. In our study, we reported the synthesis of CDs using pinecones (PCs) and pinebark (PB) through a sustainable microwave method. We characterized the PCCDs and PBCDs using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope, and Fourier transform infrared, Ultraviolet-visible, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The PCCDs and PBCDs were tested for the detection of amoxicillin (AMX) and tetracycline (TC). The results indicated that the sizes of the PCCDs and PBCDs were 19.2 nm and 18.39 nm, respectively, and confirmed the presence of the 002 plane of the graphitic carbon structure. They exhibited excitation wavelength dependence, good stability, and quantum yields ranging from 6% to 11%. PCCDs and PBCDs demonstrated \"turn-off\" detection for TC and AMX. The limits of detection (LOD) for TC across a broader concentration range were found to be 0.062 µM for PCCDs and 0.2237 µM for PBCDs. For AMX detection, PBCDs presented an LOD of 0.49 µM.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxic Effects of Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Methane (BPF) on the Development and Reproduction of Chironomus tentans.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020041

Chenglin Zhang, Zhen Wang, Huilin Liang, Shuai Sun, Weilong Xing, Bing Zhang, Feng Ge, Lei Wang

{"title":"Toxic Effects of Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Methane (BPF) on the Development and Reproduction of Chironomus tentans.","authors":"Chenglin Zhang, Zhen Wang, Huilin Liang, Shuai Sun, Weilong Xing, Bing Zhang, Feng Ge, Lei Wang","doi":"10.3390/jox15020041","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020041","url":null,"abstract":"Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) methane (BPF), as a bisphenolic compound, has toxic effects on organisms such as endocrine disruption and immobilization of growth and development. This study evaluated the effect concentrations of BPF on Chironomus tentans and investigated the impact of BPF exposure at various sub-lethal concentrations on the growth, development, and reproductive capacity of different instars of C. tentans. The results demonstrated that exposure at concentrations of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 4.0 mg·L-1 delayed pupation, inhibited the development of imaginal discs, and caused an initial rise followed by a decline in the expression levels of genes related to larval development (ecr, usp, e74). Additionally, exposure at concentrations of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg·L-1 led to fluctuations in the expression levels of genes related to adult development and reproduction (ecr, kr-h1, foxo, inr, pdk, akt, and vg) in both female and male adults, with varying degrees of effect. Furthermore, BPF exposure inhibited male fertility, causing significant damage to the gonadal tissues, though it did not affect the final hatching of eggs. These findings indicate that BPF exhibits developmental and reproductive toxicity in C. tentans, with 2.0 mg·L-1 identified as the lowest effective concentration at which BPF affects pupation in midges.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating AMPA Receptors with Isoxazole-4-Carboxamide Derivatives: An Electrophysiological Study.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020040

Mohammad Qneibi, Mohammed Hawash, Sosana Bdir, Mohammad Bdair, Tala Idais, Iyas Sarhan, Joud Touqan

{"title":"Regulating AMPA Receptors with Isoxazole-4-Carboxamide Derivatives: An Electrophysiological Study.","authors":"Mohammad Qneibi, Mohammed Hawash, Sosana Bdir, Mohammad Bdair, Tala Idais, Iyas Sarhan, Joud Touqan","doi":"10.3390/jox15020040","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020040","url":null,"abstract":"Isoxazole carboxamide derivatives are intriguing modulators of ionotropic glutamate receptors; more specifically, their prospective analgesic activities based on non-opioid pathways have sparked widespread research. α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, especially Ca2+-permeable subtypes that are highly expressed in the spinal dorsal horn, play a critical role in nociceptive transmission and inflammatory pain. Herein, the neuromodulatory effects of these derivatives on AMPA receptor activity have been studied, focusing on their potential as modulators of AMPA receptors, a target implicated in pain and neurological disorders. The whole-cell patch clamp technique for electrophysiological recordings was used to investigate the effect of twelve isoxazole-4-carboxamide derivatives (CIC-1-12) on AMPA receptors' whole-cell currents and kinetics, including deactivation and desensitization. The isoxazole-4-carboxamide derivatives tested as inhibitors of AMPA receptor activity were very potent, with an 8-fold inhibition by CIC-1 and a 7.8-fold reduction by CIC-2. Additionally, these compounds profoundly altered the biophysical gating properties of both homomeric and heteromeric receptor subunits. These findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of isoxazole-4-carboxamide derivatives due to their potential as AMPA receptor modulators. Their ability to affect receptor activity and gating properties makes them promising candidates for future treatments for controlling pain.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urinary Metabolomics of Plastic Manufacturing Workers: A Pilot Study.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020039

Michele De Rosa, Ottavia Giampaoli, Adriano Patriarca, Federico Marini, Antonio Pietroiusti, Lorenzo Ippoliti, Agostino Paolino, Andrea Militello, Anna Rita Fetoni, Renata Sisto, Giovanna Tranfo, Mariangela Spagnoli, Fabio Sciubba

{"title":"Urinary Metabolomics of Plastic Manufacturing Workers: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Michele De Rosa, Ottavia Giampaoli, Adriano Patriarca, Federico Marini, Antonio Pietroiusti, Lorenzo Ippoliti, Agostino Paolino, Andrea Militello, Anna Rita Fetoni, Renata Sisto, Giovanna Tranfo, Mariangela Spagnoli, Fabio Sciubba","doi":"10.3390/jox15020039","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020039","url":null,"abstract":"The plastic manufacturing industry has a crucial role in the global economy with a significant impact in a wide range of fields. The chemical risk to which workers are potentially exposed is difficult to characterize and strictly related to both the products and processes adopted. Among the chemicals used, we can cite styrene, phenol, butadiene and phthalates, but nano- and microplastic particles can also be released in the work environment. In this pilot study, we present for the first time an NMR-based metabolomic approach for assessing urinary profiles of workers employed in a plastic manufacturing company. Urine samples from twelve workers and thirteen healthy volunteers were collected and analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Forty-six urinary metabolites belonging to different chemical classes were univocally identified and quantified. The dataset so obtained was then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis to characterize each profile and highlight any differences. An alteration in some metabolites involved in several pathways, such as amino acid metabolism and NAD metabolism, was found, and a strong impact on gut microflora was also speculated. Ultimately, our work has the objective of adding a tile to the knowledge of biological effects possibly related to occupational exposure even if it is below the threshold limit values.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coal Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents for Tetracycline Removal: Comparative Insights into Modification and Zeolite Conversion.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020036

Eric E Houghton, Litha Yapi, Nils Haneklaus, Hendrik G Brink, Shepherd M Tichapondwa

{"title":"Coal Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents for Tetracycline Removal: Comparative Insights into Modification and Zeolite Conversion.","authors":"Eric E Houghton, Litha Yapi, Nils Haneklaus, Hendrik G Brink, Shepherd M Tichapondwa","doi":"10.3390/jox15020036","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020036","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging xenobiotics, such as tetracycline (TC), pose significant risks to both the environment and human health. Adsorption is a recognized method for removing these contaminants, and in this study, fly ash (FA), a by-product of coal combustion, was modified to develop adsorbents. Acid-modified FA (AM-FA) and base-modified FA (BM-FA) were prepared, and zeolite Na-P1 (ZNa-P1) was synthesized via hydrothermal treatment. Adsorption tests revealed that BM-FA and ZNa-P1 removed 76% and 90% of TC, respectively, compared to 35% with unmodified FA. AM-FA had the lowest performance, removing just 11% of TC. ZNa-P1's superior performance was linked to its high zeolite purity, with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 6.37 meq/g and a surface area of 35.7 m2/g. Though BM-FA had a larger surface area of 110.8 m2/g, it exhibited a lower CEC of 3.42 meq/g. Adsorption efficiency was more closely related to CEC than surface area. Optimal TC removal with ZNa-P1 was achieved at a 7.5 g/L dosage and pH 5. The process followed pseudo second order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum capacity of 46.34 mg/g at 30 °C. The adsorption thermodynamics indicated that the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption mechanism of tetracycline on ZNa-P1 involved electrostatic attraction, hydrogen, and ion exchange. This study aligns with SDGs 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential Residual Pesticide Consumption: A Stratified Analysis of Brazilian Families.

IF 6.8

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/jox15020037

Yan Lucas Leite, Tayna Sousa Duque, José Barbosa Dos Santos, Elizângela Aparecida Dos Santos

{"title":"Potential Residual Pesticide Consumption: A Stratified Analysis of Brazilian Families.","authors":"Yan Lucas Leite, Tayna Sousa Duque, José Barbosa Dos Santos, Elizângela Aparecida Dos Santos","doi":"10.3390/jox15020037","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jox15020037","url":null,"abstract":"Food safety is essential to ensure that food is safe for human consumption, particularly in light of the growing global and environmental changes, including population growth and climate variations. Meeting the increasing demand for food requires enhancing and protecting agricultural systems. A common strategy is the use of pesticides, which serve to protect cultivated plants from pests, diseases, and weeds. However, improper and excessive use of these products can lead to negative impacts, spanning economic, environmental, and human health aspects. Concerns about pesticide residues in food are global, as their effects on human health vary depending on exposure and quantity. The main objective of this study was to estimate the potential residual consumption (PRC) of pesticides present in food consumed by Brazilian households. Using a specific methodology, it was identified that pineapple had the highest average PRC (121.01 mg), primarily due to the high residue of the active ingredient ethephon. On the other hand, Dithiocarbamates showed the highest residual quantity. Tebuconazole was the most repeated in the samples. It was observed that the insecticide class was responsible for the highest average PRC in households, estimated at 142.45 mg annually, while higher-income families and those located in rural areas showed a greater propensity for potential residual pesticide consumption due to the higher consumption of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, it was found that households where the head of the family is male, highly educated, and older than 40 years present a higher risk of potential residual pesticide consumption. These results highlight the need for public policies focused on sanitary inspection, the training of professionals in the field, the rational use of pesticides by producers, and proper hygiene practices by consumers to mitigate health risks.","PeriodicalId":42356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Xenobiotics","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0