Synthesis Philosophica最新文献

{"title":"Rorty’s Metaphilosophy and the Critique of Epistemology","authors":"B. Pešić, Mislav Uzunić","doi":"10.21464/sp35111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/sp35111","url":null,"abstract":"Richard Rorty suvremeni je filozof analitičke filozofijske tradicije koji je svoje karijerno usmjerenje skrenuo na metafilozofijsku kritiku epistemologije. Osnova Rortyjeve kritike leži u njegovu odbijanju kartezijanskog dualizma, što ga dovodi do zaključka da je svaki pokušaj dosezanja istine putem znanja o bitima osuđen na propast. Umjesto toga, Rorty argumentira u korist traženja razumijevanja putem razgovora – postupka koji zove eidifikacija – koji bi vodio do potpunog uklanjanja epistemologijskog problema znanja. Njegov metafilozofijski poduhvat želi\u0000hermeneutikom zamijeniti epistemologiju i time je uspostaviti kao temeljni filozofijski pristup. Međutim, Rorty nedovoljno naglašava važnost istine za hermeneutiku. To je manjak koji će ovo istraživanje pokušati nadoknaditi da bi pokazalo kako je Rortyjev skepticizam po pitanju istine problematičan za njegovu vlastitu poziciju bliskosti s hermeneutikom. Nakon opisivanja Rortyjeva metafilozofijskog programa, temeljno uspostavljenog u Filozofija i ogledalo prirode, rad istražuje (ne)kompatibilnost Rortyjeve pozicije s hermeneutikom, prvenstveno s Gademerovom. Dolazimo do zaključka da bi pogrešno bilo smatrati Rortyjevu (meta)filozofiju izdankom hermeneutike ili potpuno kompatibilnu s njome, uzimajući u obzir da prednost pred istinom daje društvenim problemima.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/sp35111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41822698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection on the (Un)Power of Men in the Context of Post-war Everyday Life of Croatian War Veterans with Mental Disorders from World War I","authors":"J. Seferovic","doi":"10.21464/SP35102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/SP35102","url":null,"abstract":"U radu se raspravlja o resocijalizaciji hrvatskih branitelja s psihičkim\u0000smetnjama iz Prvog svjetskog rata. Analiza se temelji na istraživanju psihijatrijskih povijesti bolesti vojnika koji su se liječili u dvije hrvatske psihijatrijske bolnice od 1919. do 1924. godine. Proces njihove\u0000socijalne reintegracije u zajednicu nakon povratka s ratišta razmatra se u odnosu na njihovu nemogućnost ispunjavanja normativnih očekivanja vezanih za rodnu uloge muškaraca. Namjera je bila istražiti je li ta okolnost dijelom pridonijela razvoju osjećaja nemoći kod veterana te posljedično uzrokovala njihova asocijalna ponašanja zbog kojih su bili socijalno isključivani iz svoje matične zajednice.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/SP35102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48482042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les aspects éthiques de la santé et du bien-être chez les jeunes athlètes d’élite. Problèmes conceptuels et normatifs","authors":"Joca Zurc","doi":"10.21464/SP34207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/SP34207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"34 1","pages":"341-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/SP34207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68289487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der Weltbegriff in der neueren kroatischen Philosophie","authors":"Pavo Barišić","doi":"10.21464/SP34212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/SP34212","url":null,"abstract":"This paper connects the rising and the impact of question about the world in modern philosophy with the decline of the metaphysical question of being and with the nihilistic crisis of mind. This crisis of the logos has found its manifestations above all in the predominance of scientific positivism and the supremacy of world-view-ideologies. In the focus of the examination are philosophical trends of the second half of the 20th century in Croatia. The depiction pursues in the foreground the political attraction and intellectual influence of the controversial topic on the emergence of the pluralistic world of ideas and the democratic turn. It starts with the question of how philosophical reflections on the concept of the world corresponded to the opening up of the liberal-democratic processes in society. The exploration of the world has proved to be a dialogical and pluri-perspective framework in various philosophical currents. It gave very","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"34 1","pages":"433-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/SP34212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47705691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Commodity Loop","authors":"V. Gvozden","doi":"10.21464/sp34102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/sp34102","url":null,"abstract":"The commodity is recognized as an essential element of our world. If our relationship with commodity as the structuring form of capitalist society is an ongoing process of subjective work and the exchange of meanings, then the question of historical ontology becomes inevitable. Historical ontology means that “we constitute ourselves at a place and time, using materials that have a distinctive and historically formed organization” (I. Hacking). This paper is an attempt to interpret commodity through the extension of two concepts developed by Ian Hacking (the looping effect, the making up people), and their connection with the philosophical approach to economy. The looping effects of commodity create a special ambience, special forms of connection and separation, equality and hierarchy, community and singularity, freedom and affirmation. The article gives a short historical account of the emergence of the commodity loop (from the 1850s to 2001), and singles out the importance of the structural determinations of capitalism (the ideology of free market, property, state mechanisms, a specific type of culture, etc.). The “making up people” inside the commodity loop presumes the people who count, take part in the marketising, imagine the market in every situation, interiorize the market-conforming sense of guilt and responsibility, and, paradoxically, will be ready to be self-entrepreneurs, to participate in own making up. It is shown that contemporary doxa becomes evident from the perspective of the commodity loop, although it creates a context of harmony and reduces complexity. As the analysis goes deeper, we are discovering interactive nodes at steadily increasing levels of intensity but also two possible productive points of resistance (inequality, immigration). The commodity loop is an ontological fabric in which all threads are woven together, from political and economic to social and personal relationships. At the end of the article, we try to connect Agamben’s ideal of profanation with Hacking’s looping effect. This leads to the conclusion that commodity’s phantom-like objectivity should be profaned, which means to return it to free human use.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/sp34102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45813366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Francis Bacon and the Relation between Theology and Natural Philosophy","authors":"Ünsal Çimen","doi":"10.21464/sp34108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/sp34108","url":null,"abstract":"The Reformation in European history was an attempt to remove ecclesiastical authority from political (or secular) authority and culture – a process called secularisation. During the eighteenth and especially nineteenth centuries, however, secularisation gained a different meaning, which is, briefly stated, evolving from religiousness to irreligiousness. Instead of referring to becoming free from religious tutelage, it began to refer to the total isolation of societies from religion. For those who saw secularisation as atheism, having ideas which were supportive of secularisation and having a religious basis was contradictory. For example, Francis Bacon was interpreted as non-secular due to his usage of the Bible as his reference to justify his ideas regarding the liberation of science from theology. Contrarily, in this paper, I argue that Bacon’s philosophy of nature is secular. To do this, alongside addressing Biblical references presented in his works, I will also explore how Bacon freed natural (or secular) knowledge from religious influences by removing final causes from natural philosophical inquiries.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/sp34108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44841069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altérité et Compréhension. Une approche herméneutique de Levinas","authors":"Branko Klun","doi":"10.21464/SP34110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/SP34110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"34 1","pages":"141-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/SP34110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68289014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Counts as “a” Sound and How “to Count” a Sound","authors":"Jorge Luis Méndez-martínez","doi":"10.21464/sp34112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/sp34112","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of sound individuation (SI) and its connection to sound ontology (SO). It is argued that the problems of SI, such as aspatiality, extreme individuation, indexical perplexity and duration puzzles are due to SO's uncertainties. Besides, I describe the views in SO, including the wave view (WV), the property view (PV), and the event view (EV), as Cassey O’Callaghan defends it. According to O’Callaghan, EV offers clear standards to individuate sounds. However, this claim is countered by the consideration that any view could also defend the standards in SO, and thus, EV does not solve any of the problems mentioned above. As a way of showing the difficulties inherited by sound’s inner ontology, the problem of its linguistic representation is also addressed. The problem of SI can be developed within the frame of the philosophy of language and, specifically, regarding the discussion about mass vs count-sortal terms. Is the term sound a mass or a count-sortal? It is shown that, for reasons pertaining SO, the decision regarding the case of sound as a mass or count-sortal term remains open. SI is, thus, covered from the SO to the philosophy of language.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/sp34112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68288730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tradition, φρόνησις und Praktische Philosophie","authors":"Hongjian Wang","doi":"10.21464/sp34113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/sp34113","url":null,"abstract":"Im Unterschied zum starken ontologischen Interesse Heideggers entwickelt Gadamer die Konzeption der Hermeneutik als praktischer Philosophie. Mit Heidegger schenkt Gadamer dem Begriff φρόνησις bei Aristoteles und dessen Unterschied zu τέχνη große Beachtung, gleichwohl entfernt er sich insofern von seinem Lehrer, als die Momente von σύνεσις und ἦθος, die von Heidegger vernachlässigt werden, wieder einmal freigelegt und betont werden. Darin ist die Vorantreibung der Methodologie charakteristisch, durch die der formale Ansatz bei Heidegger zum geschichtlichen Ansatz transformiert wird. Damit kann Gadamer einen anderen Weg der praktischen Philosophie als Heidegger gehen, wodurch jedoch gerade der von Heidegger beanspruchte vortheoretische Charakter der Philosophie garantiert wird. Auf diese Weise kommt Gadamers kritische Aneignung von Heidegger zustande, die aber eben die Bedeutung des ontologischen Ansatzes Heideggers in unserem Zeitalter bekundet.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21464/sp34113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68288747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding the World That Was Not Lost. Remarks on Comparing the Philosophiesof Hermann Schmitz and John McDowell","authors":"Michael Meyer","doi":"10.21464/SP33208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21464/SP33208","url":null,"abstract":"Die Philosophie von John McDowell und das neuphänomenologische Denken von Her- mann Schmitz lassen sich als Therapien des Abstandes von Geist und Welt verstehen, der in der Moderne dramatische Bedeutung erlangte. In diesem Aufsatz wird versucht, die the- rapeutischen Ansätze von Schmitz und McDowell vor dem Hintergrund der Moderne und insbesondere als Konstrast zwischen einem phänomenologischen und analytischen Philoso- phieren zu vergleichen. Der Hauptunterschied in ihren Bemühungen, die Weltoffenheit des Geistes vorzustellen, ist dabei, dass Schmitz in die Beziehung zwischen Geist und Welt den Leib als zentrale Größe einbringt. Von diesem reichhaltigen Wahrnehmungsbegriff her fällt der Reduktionismus von McDowells Modell stärker auf. Dennoch wird in diesem Aufsatz auf zwei Möglichkeiten hingewiesen, Ideen von McDowell auch in einem neuphänomenologischen Kontext fruchtbar werden zu lassen. Abstract John McDowell’s philosophy and Hermann Schmitz’s new phenomenological thinking can be considered to be a therapeutic attempt on the distance between spirit [mind] and world that is taking dramatic proportions in modern time. In this paper, the author is trying to compare Schmitz’s and McDowell’s therapeutical concepts while taking into consideration the modern age and especially the contrast between the phenomenological and analytical way of philoso- phising. The main difference in their attempts to present the openness of the spirit [mind] to wards the world is that Schmitz sets the living body ( Leib ) of central importance between spirit [mind] and world. In difference to Schmitz’s rich notion of perception, one can easily notice McDowell’s reductionism. Nonetheless, in this paper, the author points at the two possibilities by which McDowell’s ideas might seem fruitful in new phenomenological context.","PeriodicalId":42186,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis Philosophica","volume":"33 1","pages":"435-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68288889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}