Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan最新文献

{"title":"Kualitas Pelayanan Pemeriksaan Antenatal oleh Bidan di Puskesmas","authors":"Harimat Hendarwan","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I2.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I2.307","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high and still far from the established target of SDG's, which is 305 compared to 102 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Adequate pregnancy screening services are needed to reduce maternal mortality. This study aims to determine the quality of antenatal care (ANC) services at public health centers (midwives competence and support facilities and service infrastructure). Data collection was conducted in 212 health centers and the sample size is 224 midwives in the health centers. Midwives were observed at the time of antenatal care. The observed ANC components were 5T, 7T, and 9T. In addition, it was observed also the availability of facilities, infrastructure, and medicines related to ANC in health centers. The midwives who performed the ANC correctly and well for the 9T, 7T, and 5T components were 18.8%, 23.2%, and 31.7%. Only 20.4% of health center have all equipment, medicines, and supporting media of ANC 9T service. Only one-fifth of midwives perform complete and correct ANC services for the 9T service components. Midwife knowledge in doing ANC 9T is better for those who have profession less than 20 years old and hold at least diploma degree midwifery. Keywords : Antenatal Care, Midwives, Health Center \u0000Abstrak Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia masih tinggi dan masih jauh dari target SDG’s yang telah ditetapkan, yaitu 305 dibandingkan dengan 102 kematian ibu per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Pelayanan pemeriksaan kehamilan yang adekuat sangat dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kualitas pelayanan pemeriksaan kehamilan atau antenatal care (ANC) di puskesmas (kompetensi bidan serta dukungan sarana dan prasarana pelayanan). Pengumpulan data dilakukan di 212 puskesmas dengan jumlah sampel 224 orang bidan. Bidan diamati pada saat melakukan pelayanan ANC. Komponen ANC yang diamati adalah 5T, 7T, dan 9T. Selain itu diamati juga ketersediaan sarana, prasarana, dan obat-obatan terkait dengan ANC di puskesmas. Bidan yang melakukan ANC dengan benar dan baik untuk komponen 9T, 7T, dan 5T secara berturut – turut adalah 18,8%, 23,2%, dan 31,7%. Hanya 20,4% puskesmas telah memiliki seluruh peralatan, obat, dan media penunjang pelayanan ANC 9T. Hanya seperlima bidan melakukan pelayanan ANC secara lengkap dan benar untuk komponen pelayanan 9T. Pengetahuan bidan dalam melakukan ANC 9T lebih baik pada mereka yang menjalani profesinya kurang dari 20 tahun dan berpendidikan minimal D3 kebidanan. Kata kunci : ANC, Bidan, Puskesmas","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91277976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hubungan Antara Curah Hujan dan Temperatur dengan Malaria di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur - Indonesia","authors":"Fridolina Mau","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I2.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I2.309","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The occurrence of malaria is closely related to enviromental and climatic conditions naturally. The aim of the study was to assess relationship between malaria and rainfall and temperature that can be used in strategy of a suitable malaria control in the area, towards the elimination of malaria in 2030. The study was a descriptive research using secondary data of rainfall and temperature from Meteorology and Geophysics Board of Tambolaka airport, and data of malaria cases periode 2014-2016 from District Health Office of Southwest Sumba. Monthly data of malaria cases, rainfall and temperature variables was analysed using SPSS 17v. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the strength of the relationship between weather and temperature with malaria cases (P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection). The results showed that there was no significantly correlation between malaria cases with rainfall and temperature (P> 0,05). The statistic analysis between P. falciparum infection and rainfall was significant (P <0,05) however no significant correlation between P.vivax infection with rainfall (P> 0,05). Conclusions, there was a significant relationship between P. falciparum infection and rainfall, While P. vivax infection and mixed infection were not significantly related to rainfall or temperature. P.falciparum infection and mixed infections are high in the late and early rainy seasons.Keywords : malaria, rainfall, temperature, Southwest Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara \u0000Abstrak Terjadinya penyakit malaria umumnya sangat erat kaitannya secara alami dengan lingkungan dan kondisi iklim. Tujuan analisis data ini untuk memberikan informasi hubungan kejadian malaria dengan curah hujan dan temperatur untuk strategi pengendalian malaria yang tepat sasaran di daerah ini menuju eliminasi malaria tahun 2030. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa data curah hujan dan temperatur dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Bandar Udara Tambolaka, serta data kasus malaria tahun 2014-2016 dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Data kasus malaria bulanan dan variabel curah hujan dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 17v. Uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan untuk menguji kekuatan hubungan antara variabel cuaca dengan kasus malaria (P. falciparum, P. vivax dan infeksi campur). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kasus malaria dengan curah hujan dan temperatur (P>0,05). Uji statistik antara infeksi Plasmodium falciparum dan curah hujan menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (P<0,05) namun antara infeksi P.vivax dengan curah hujan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan (P>0,05). Disimpulkan, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara infeksi P.falciparum dengan curah hujan, sedangkan infeksi P.vivax dan infeksi campur tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan curah hujan maupun temperatur. Infeksi P.falciparum dan infeksi campur berangsur tinggi pada akhir dan awal musim hujan. Kata kunci :","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78548928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kesiapan Stakeholder Pengobatan Massal Filariasis di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya","authors":"Yona Patanduk, Rais Yunarko, Majematang Mading","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i2.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i2.98","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mass drugs administration (MDA) of filariasis is one part of the filariasis elimination program as it is targeted by World Health Organization to complete by 2020. Some efforts are made to ensure successful MDA with coverage and compliance according to the target set. There are several important things that can affect the success of the MDA. It is related to the readiness of implementers in planning, coordination and distribution of drugs. The result of the first year of MDA could be used as a recommendation for the next period. The aim of this study is to describe the readiness of the MDA in the first round in Southwest Sumba District, especially in Kodi Balaghar Sub District. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews at district and sub-district implementers. The results of this study showed that there is no readiness in the implementation of MDA of which is seen from the lack of knowledge from each stakeholder on filariasis disease and stages in the implementation of MDA. A better planning is needed to reduce operational and technical constraints. Keywords : mass drugs administration, constraints, stakeholder \u0000Abstrak Pemberian obat pencegah filariasis secara massal adalah salah satu bagian dari program eliminasi filariasis yang oleh organisasi kesehatan dunia ditargetkan selesai pada tahun 2020. Berbagai upaya dilakukan agar pelaksanan pengobatan massal berhasil dengan cakupan dan kepatuhan minum obat sesuai dengan target yang ditentukan. Dalam pengobatan massal terdapat beberapa hal penting yang dapat memengaruhi suksesnya pengobatan yaitu terkait kesiapan pihak pelaksana dalam perencanaan, koordinasi dan pembagian obat. Pengobatan massal tahun pertama menjadi indikator yang dapat dijadikan rekomendasi dalam pengobatan periode selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kesiapan pelaksanaan pengobatan massal filariasis tahap pertama di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya khususnya di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam pada pelaksana kabupaten hingga kecamatan. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan belum adanya kesiapan dalam pelaksanaan pengobatan massal filariasis yang terlihat dari kurangnya pengetahuan dari tiap stakeholder tentang penyakit filariasis dan tahapan dalam pelaksanaan pengobatan massal. Perencanaan yang lebih baik diperlukan untuk mengurangi hambatan operasional dan teknis yang dihadapi. Kata kunci : Pengobatan massal filariasis, hambatan, stakeholder","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74855218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambaran Status Gizi pada Masyarakat dengan Penyakit Gigi dan Mulut di Indonesia","authors":"Indirawati Tjahja","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i2.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i2.310","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nutritional status is measured by weight in kilograms divided by height in squared meters. Normal standard for adults> 20 years old, normal is BMI between 20 and 25.0. If weight is less, BMI <20, moderate excess body weight or obesity when BMI > 30. One of the most common dental and oral diseases in the world, especially in Indonesia is dental caries disease .The disease is caused by plaque bacteria. Plaque that is not cleaned from the outer layer of the tooth will become a gathering place for microorganisms. The study aimed to see whether there was a relationship between BMI, age, sex, with dental and oral diseases, especially dental caries.The sample is a household member aged 15 years and above and numbered 722,329 people. The study design is cross sectional. Data were taken from secondary data of Riskesdas in 2013 in 33 (thirty three) provinces and 497 districts / cities in Indonesia. There is correlation between respondent's nutritional status with oral and dental health with p value: 0,000. There is a relationship between BMI, age, sex, dental and oral diseases, especially dental caries . To avoid obesity should be normal BMI, eat nutritious food and keep your oral and mouth hygiene by brushing your teeth twice a day, morning after breakfast and night before going to bed at night. And make regular visits to the dentist every 6 months. Keywords : BMI, age, gender, dental caries \u0000Abstrak Status gizi diukur berdasarkan berat badan dalam kilogram dibagi tinggi badan dalam meter persegi. Standar normal untuk orang dewasa usia > 20 tahun, IMT normal adalah antara 20 dan 25,0.Bila berat badan kurang, IMT< 20, sedang berat badan berlebih atau obesitas bila IMT > 30. Salah satu penyakit gigi dan mulut yang banyak dialami oleh masyarakat di dunia khususnya di Indonesia adalah penyakit karies gigi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh bakteri plak. Plak yang tidak dibersihkan dari lapisan luar gigi akan menjadi tempat berkumpulnya mikroorganisme. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat hubungan antara IMT, umur, jenis kelamin dengan penyakit karies gigi. Sampel adalah anggota rumah tangga yang berusia 15 tahun keatas dan berjumlah 722.329 orang. Disain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Data diambil dari data sekunder Riskesdas tahun 2013 di 33 (tiga puluh tiga) propinsi dan 497 kabupaten / kota di Indonesia. terdapat hubungan antara status gizi, umur, jenis kelamin responden dengan penyakit karies gigi dengan nilai p: 0,000. Terdapat hubungan antara IMT, umur, jenis kelamin, dan penyakit karies gigi. Agar terhindar dari kegemukan sebaiknya IMT normal, makan makanan yang bergizi dan menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan menyikat gigi dua kali sehari, pagi setelah makan pagi dan malam sebelum tidur malam. Serta melakukan kunjungan secara teratur ke dokter gigi setiap 6 bulan sekali. Kata kunci : IMT, umur, jenis kelamin, karies gigi","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"49 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89204235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hubungan Faktor Pemungkin dengan Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Anak Jalanan di Kota Bekasi Tahun 2017","authors":"Luna Amalia","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i2.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i2.308","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Street children have a high risk of health problems. This study aims to determine the enabling factors (shelter membership, availability of health insurance, accessibility of health care and social support) associated with the health seeking behavior of street children in Bekasi City. The study design was crosssectional with the sample size of 130 respondents. Analysis results showed that the most of the respondents (82,7%) had poor health seeking behavior. The results of bivariate analyzed showed that the availability of health insurance was significantly associated with health seeking behavior of the street children (p value = 0,054). Street children who had health insurance had an opportunity for good health seeking behavior 2,7 times higher than those who did not have health insurance. It was suggested that data collection of health seeking behavior and the safety of self medication was important as to determine the health needs of street children. Keywords : health seeking behavior, street children \u0000Abstrak Anak jalanan memiliki risiko tinggi gangguan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor pemungkin (kepesertaan rumah singgah, ketersediaan jaminan kesehatan, aksesibilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan dukungan sosial) dengan perilaku pencarian pengobatan anak jalanan di Kota Bekasi. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 130 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden (82,7%) melakukan perilaku pencarian pengobatan yang kurang baik. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan jaminan kesehatan berhubungan signifikan dengan perilaku pencarian pengobatan anak jalanan (p value = 0,054). Anak jalanan yang memiliki jaminan kesehatan, memiliki peluang untuk pencarian pengobatan yang baik sebesar 2,7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak jalanan yang tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan. Disarankan pentingnya pendataan anak jalanan dan swamedikasi yang tepat dan aman bagi anak jalanan. Kata kunci : Perilaku, pencarian pengobatan, anak jalanan","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87260306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD4+ dan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Terapi Antiretroviral pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Jayapura","authors":"Setyo Adiningsih","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I2.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I2.306","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the leading health problems in Papua and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy increases cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+). We examined whether the CD4+ counts correlated with factors affecting adherence of ARV therapy in Papua. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2017 at VCT RSUD Dok II Jayapura. We assessed 85 respondents receiving ARV therapy for 12-24 months, who had fulfilled inclusion criteria agreed to sign the informed consent. Information of CD4+ and factors affecting adherence were obtained from blood samples analysis and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Fisher exact test and Odds Ratio at p<0,05. The result showed that the high percentages of respondents’ characteristics include female, aged 15-30 years, employed, had formal education, indigenous Papuan, good treatment knowlegde, never switch ARV, had ARV side effects, had health insurance, never stigmatized, always got adherence counseling, easy access to health services, had family support, no community support. Most of the respondents were adherent to taking ARVs and had an increase in CD4+ cell counts. Women, working status, and stigma had a greater risk for immunodeficiency. Evaluation was required for respondents whose good adherence but did not experienced an increase in CD4+ cell counts. Keywords : CD4+, factors affecting adherence, ARV therapy, HIV/AIDS, Jayapura \u0000Abstrak Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di Papua. Terapi antiretroviral (ARV) meningkatkan jumlah Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4+). Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan CD4+ dengan faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan terapi di Papua. Sampling dilakukan Juni sampai September 2017. Responden 85 pasien terapi ARV 12-24 bulan di VCT RSUD Dok II Jayapura yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan setuju untuk menandatangani informed consent. Data CD4+ dan faktor kepatuhan diperoleh dari pemeriksaan sampel darah dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji Fisher exact dan Odds Ratio pada p <0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persentase karakteristik responden terbesar adalah perempuan, berumur 15-30 tahun, bekerja, sekolah dan asli Papua. Informasi berkaitan dengan ARV dengan persentase terbesar adalah pengetahuan pengobatan baik, tidak pernah ganti ARV pernah mengalami efek samping ARV, memiliki jaminan kesehatan, tidak pernah mengalami stigma, selalu mendapat konseling kepatuhan, akses layanan kesehatan mudah, mendapat dukungan keluarga, tidak mendapat dukungan komunitas. Mayoritas responden patuh minum ARV dan mengalami kenaikan jumlah CD4+. Perempuan, status bekerja, dan stigma memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk imunodefisiensi. Diperlukan evaluasi pada responden patuh minum ARV tetapi tidak mengalami kenaikan CD4+. Kata kunci : CD4+, faktor memengaruhi kepatuhan, terapi ARV, HIV/AIDS, Jayapura","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89102301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinan Keluhan Sakit Gigi","authors":"R. Mubasyiroh","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i2.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i2.311","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oral disease can be decay (caries) and gum disease. Dental and oral diseases (including caries and periodontal disease) are a fairly high problem that people complain about. The aim of this research is to know the factors related to toothache. Analysis was conducted using Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 years 2014 data covering 13 provinces in Indonesia. The study sample is population aged 15 years and over. The dependent variable was a symptom of toothache perceived within the last one month of the IFLS-5 survey period. The independent variables consist of gender, age group, education level, residence, consumption of sweet foods, consumption of soft drinks, smoking behavior, dental check-up behavior to the dentist. The data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate.The results showed significant different toothache complaints based on gender, age group, education, and dental check behavior. Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who never checked to the dentist had a 1.40 times greater risk of experiencing dental pain than those who had regular dental checks. Keywords : determinant, toothache, IFLS \u0000Abstrak Penyakit gigi dapat berupa kerusakan gigi (karies) dan penyakit gusi. Penyakit gigi dan mulut (termasuk karies dan penyakit periodontal) merupakan masalah yang cukup tinggi yang dikeluhkan oleh masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan sakit gigi. Analisis lanjut dilakukan menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 tahun 2014 yang mencakup 13 provinsi di Indonesia. Responden penelitian adalah penduduk berusia 15 tahun ke atas. Variabel terikat adalah gejala sakit gigi yang dirasakan dalam satu bulan terakhir masa survei IFLS-5. Variabel bebas terdiri dari jenis kelamin, kelompok umur, tingkat pendidikan, tempat tinggal, konsumsi makanan manis, konsumsi soft drink, perilaku merokok, perilaku periksa gigi ke dokter gigi. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil menunjukkan keluhan sakit gigi berbeda bermakna berdasarkan jenis kelamin, kelompok umur, pendidikan, dan perilaku periksa gigi. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan responden yang tidak pernah periksa gigi ke dokter gigi mempunyai risiko 1,40 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami keluhan sakit gigi dibandingkan dengan responden yang sudah rutin periksa gigi ke dokter gigi. Kata kunci : determinan, sakit gigi, IFLS","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89133515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penyebab Kematian di Kabupaten Gianyar Tahun 2010-2012","authors":"Oster Suriani Simarmata, Dina Bisara Lolong, Lamria Pangaribuan, Ning Sulistiyowati, Eva Sulistiowati","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Cause of death statistics is one of key indicators to determine the health status of Gianyar community for 3 years (2010-2012) as part of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) study. The instruments used were Verbal Autopsy (AV) questionnaire and Causes of Death Form (FKPK). Data were collected from 13 puskesmas and 4 hospitals and analyzed descriptively according to ICD 10. Based on demoghraphic characteristics, the number of deaths is higher among males and older groups, and mostly occurred at home. The highest cause of death is non- communicable diseases (stroke, COPD, IHD, and malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri) followed by communicable diseases (TB and diarrhoea) and transportation accidents. The top ten causes of death in Gianyar show that a non-communicable and communicable diseases would be a double burden for health services. It is essential to establish integrated posts for elderly and NCD, and measures for prevention of TB transmissions and treaments as well as early detection malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri for women had married or sexually active, and to increase the implementation of safe traffic programs. Keywords : cause of death, vital registration, Gianyar \u0000Abstrak Penyebab kematian merupakan salah satu indikator kunci untuk menggambarkan status kesehatan masyarakat di masyarakat Gianyar sebagai bagian dari penelitian registrasi sipil dan statistik vital selama 3 tahun (2010-2012) dengan menggunakan kuesioner Autopsi Verbal (AV) dan Formulir Keterangan Penyebab Kematian (FKPK) dari WHO. Data kematian dikumpulkan dari 13 puskesmas dan 4 rumah sakit, dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif, dengan pengelompokan penyebab kematian berdasarkan ICD 10. Berdasarkan karakteristik demografi jumlah kematian lebih banyak laki-laki, kelompok umur tua, dan di rumah. Penyebab kematian tertinggi disebabkan oleh penyakit tidak menular (stroke, PPOK PJK, dan kanker serviks.) diikuti penyakit menular (TB dan diare) dan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Sepuluh besar penyebab kematian terbanyak memperlihatkan adanya penyakit tidak menular dan menular yang merupakan beban ganda bagi pelayanan kesehatan yang harus dihadapi dalam pembangunan bidang kesehatan. Perlunya prioritas program promotif dan preventif seperti mengaktifkan posbindu (Pos Pembinaan Terpadu) lansia dan PTM, sosialisasi tentang upaya pencegahan penularan TB dan adanya program OAT gratis, deteksi dini kanker serviks pada wanita yang sudah menikah atau berhubungan seksual, dan penegakkan peraturan tata tertib pengguna jalan raya lebih ditingkatkan.Kata kunci : pola penyebab kematian, vital registrasi, Gianyar","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87397967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respons Sitokin TNF-Α Dan Il-4 Pasca Stimulasi Antigen Fusi Resat-6-CFP-10","authors":"Rahmah Indah Pratiwi, J. Nugraha, B. A. Tambunan, F. S. Tanoerahardjo","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I1.57","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractProtective immunity of tuberculosis (TB) infection is highly dependent on the balance of Th1 and Th2cytokines. TNF-α cytokines produced by Th1 cell retain a latent status, and IL-4 produced by Th2 aidsin the production of antibodies. The recent development of the vaccine candidates shows that rESAT-6-CFP-10 fusion antigen is specific to induce protective immune responses. The objective of the study wasto determine the immune response. This study used a quasi experimental design in the laboratory in vitrowith cultured PBMC of patients with new cases of pulmonary TB, latent TB and healthy individuals.Examination of TNF-α and IL-4 levels was done by ELISA. The highest TNF-α mean levels were 866,05in the latent TB group, compared to 814,56 in active TB and 414,58 in healthy individuals, but they werenot significantly different. The highest IL-4 mean levels were 1,39 in the active TB group, compared to0,88 in latent TB and 0,74 in healthy individuals, but they were not significantly different. High levels ofTNF-α and low levels of Il-4 in latent TB post-stimulation of rESAT-6-CFP-10 fusion antigen show thatthe candidate vaccine is capable of providing protective reponse against Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection.Key words : TNF-α, IL-4, PBMC, ELISA, rESAT-6-CFP-10 \u0000AbstrakImunitas protektif terhadap infeksi tuberculosis sangat bergantung terhadap keseimbangan sitokinT-helper (Th)-1 dan Th2. Sitokin TNF-α yang disekresi oleh sel Th1 mampu mempertahankan status laten,dan IL-4 yang disekresi oleh Th2 membantu produksi antibodi. Pengembangan kandidat vaksin terbaruyaitu antigen fusi rESAT-6-CFP-10 bersifat spesifik terhadap respons imun protektif. Tujuan penelitianini untuk mengetahui respons imun seluler melalui kadar TNF-α dan IL-4 pasca stimulasi antigen fusirESAT-6-CFP-10. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen semu di laboratorium secara in vitropada kultur PBMC. Pemeriksaan kadar sitokin TNF-α dan IL-4 dengan metode ELISA. Rerata kadarTNF-α pasca stimulasi paling tinggi ditemukan pada kelompok TB laten 866,05, dibandingkan TBaktif 814,56 dan orang sehat 414,58, tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna. Reratakadar IL-4 pasca stimulasipaling tinggi ditemukan pada kelompok TB aktif, dibandingkan TB laten dan orang sehat, tetapi tidakberbeda bermakna. Kadar TNF-α yang tinggi dan kadar IL-4 yang rendah pada TB laten pasca stimulasiantigen fusi rESAT-6-CFP-10 menunjukkan bahwa kandidat vaksin mampu memberikan repons protektifterhadap infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis secara invitro.Kata kunci : TNF-α, IL-4, PBMC, ELISA, rESAT-6-CFP-10.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89406026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arah Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental: Tren Global dan Nasional Serta Tantangan Aktual","authors":"I. A. Ridlo, Rizqy Amelia Zein","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I1.56","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractGlobally, during the last three decades, mental health has played significant role in regards to thediscourse of global health policy. Since two decades ago, WHO has firmly defined health as a roundedstate of condition where an individual reach “...not merely the absence of the illness, but also achievementof physical, mental and social well-being.” WHO’s definition of health implies a significant impact onglobal health policy – all members of states should adhere their health policy to this definition. TheGlobal Burden of Disease study carried out by IHME (The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)in 2012 that mapped out the burden of disease around the world revealed an appalling fact namelyworsened mental health condition. Years lost due to disability (YLD) study mentioned that 6 out to 20diseases that were most responsible in causing disability were mental illnesses. Therefore, this articleaimed to describe the mental illness prevalence in global and national level by reviewing several mentalillness epidemiological studies. Additionally, this article highlighted some of important challenges thatshould be considered by healthcare service providers and policymakers in tackling mental health issues,which are treatment gap and mental health stigma.Keywords: Mental Health Policy, Global and National Prevalence, Treatment Gap \u0000AbstrakSecara global, dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun terakhir, isu mengenai kesehatan mental memainkanperan penting dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan global. Sejak dua dekade yang lalu, WHOmengeluarkan definisi sehat sebagai suatu kondisi dimana seorang indvidu mencapai “...tak sekedarbebas dari penyakit, melainkan mampu mencapai kesejahteraan fisik, mental dan sosial.” Definisidari WHO tersebut berkonsekuensi besar dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan mental, dimanaseluruh negara anggotanya harus menyandarkan garis besar kebijakan kesehatannya pada definisi ini.Studi mengenai Global Burden of Disease yang diselenggarakan oleh IHME (The Institute for HealthMetrics and Evaluation) mengungkapkan bahwa ada tren yang menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatanmental menjadi ancaman serius. Studi mengenai jumlah tahun yang hilang akibat disabilitas (YLD)menyebutkan bahwa 6 dari 20 penyakit yang paling bertanggung jawab menyebabkan disabilitasadalah penyakit mental. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prevalensigangguan mental dalam skup global dan nasional dengan cara meninjau beberapa riset epidemiologisyang berfokus pada gangguan mental. Selain itu, artikel ini akan membahas mengenai isu-isu pentingyang merupakan tantangan bagi pelayanan kesehatan mental di Indonesia yang harus ditanggapi seriusoleh penyedia layanan kesehatan mental dan pembuat kebijakan, yaitu kesenjangan perawatan danstigma.Kata kunci: Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental, Prevalensi Global dan Nasional, Kesenjangan","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90057143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}