Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan最新文献

{"title":"SURVEI DAERAH FOKUS KEONG HOSPES PERANTARA SCHISTOSOMIASIS DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU SULAWESI TENGAH","authors":"Junus Widjaja, Anis Nurwidayati, Samarang Pakawangi, Malonda Maksud, A. Kurniawan, Leonardo Taruklobo, Meiske Elisabeth Koraag, Muchlis Syahnuddin","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i4.451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i4.451","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Schistosomiasis di Indonesia hanya ditemukan di tiga lokasi yaitu Dataran Tinggi Napu dan Dataran Tinggi Bada, Kabupaten Poso serta Dataran Tinggi Lindu, Kabupaten Sigi Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah. \u0000Hasil survei fokus keong ada fokus keong yang berada di kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu (TNLL) Sehingga banyak masyarakat menduga  bahwa penyebaran fokus keong O.hupensis lindoensis juga terdapat di TNLL. Tujuan untuk  memetakan daerah fokus keong perantara schistosomiasis di kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu. Lokasi penelitian di 12 Desa yang masuk kawasan TNLL di Dataran Tinggi Napu, Dataran Tinggi Bada Kab. Poso dan Dataran Tinggi Lindu Kab. Sigi. Melakukan survei fokus /habitat dan survei keong. Pada kedua kegiatan ini dilakukan penentuan koordinat geografis/UTM dengan menggunakan GPS.Hasil survei menunjukan bahwa ditemukan 14 daerah fokus keong O.hupensis lindoensis yang tersebar di tiga desa yaitu Desa Sedoa, Desa Dodolo Kec.Lore Utara Kab. Poso dan Desa Anca Kec. Lindu Kab. Sigi","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76998482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERUBAHAN HISTOPATOLOGI MIDGUT LARVA An. vagus (DIPTERA : CULICIDAE) AKIBAT PAPARAN EKSTRAK BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu L).","authors":"Majematang Mading","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i4.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i4.374","url":null,"abstract":"Anopheles mosquitoes is main vector of malaria and filariasis. The use of bioinsecticide is an alternative way to reduce the negative impacts of synthetic insecticide. Areca catechu L. seeds contain secondary metabolites that have bioinsectisidal effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of A.catechu L. seed extract on An. vagus larvae midgut. This study was a laboratory experimental research that designed as post test only control group design. A.catechu L. seed from Southwest Sumba Regency was extracted using ultrasonic methods. Larvae used in this study were Anopheles vagus instar III or early IV that devided into seven groups of the extract concetration (500; 1250; 2000; 2750; 3500; 4250 and 5000 ppm) and control group to find out the toxicity of the extract. Each group consists of twenty five larvae. The histopathology of larval midgut was stained with Hematoxyllin-Eosin and observed using light microscopy 24 hours after exposure. Histopathological examination of larval midgut showed the mild, moderate and severe damages on larval midgut after 24 hours exposure. Areca catechu L. seed extract can lead to changes in damage larval midgut. Areca catechu L. seed extract can be recommended to be used effectively as a natural larvicidal mosquito control program.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80906202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengetahuan Ibu mengenai BBLR dan cara Menghangatkan Bayi BBLR dengan Perawatan Metode Konvensional, Skin To Skin, dan Tradisional di Kota Bogor","authors":"Bunga Ch Rosha","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I3.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I3.901","url":null,"abstract":"Kematian neonatal dapat disebabkan oleh hipotermia. Bayi BBLR lebih rentan terhadap masalah hipotermia. Tujuan analisis ini adalah memberikan informasi mengenai pengetahuan ibu terkait BBLR dan cara menghangatkan anak BBLR yang dilakukan ibu untuk mencegah hipotermia dan membantu mencapai  pertumbuhan normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif  bagian dari penelitian kohor tumbuh kembang anak (TKA) tahun 2017 di Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam terhadap 12 informan ibu yang memiliki anak dengan riwayat BBLR yang pada saat ini berusia baduta dan telah memiliki status gizi normal berdasarkan indikator BB/U dan BB/TB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu mengetahui cut of point BBLR dan menganggap ukuran anak lebih kecil dibandingkan anak kandung lainnya ataupun anak lain yang sebaya. Untuk mencegah terjadinya hipotermia, terdapat beberapa perawatan yang dilakukan informan baik yang dilakukan di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan perawatan metode konvensional, perawatan metode skin to skin (perawatan metode kangguru  dan  IMD)  dan  perawatan metode tradisional. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan ibu mengenai metode menghangatkan suhu tubuh anak BBLR melalui sosialisasi oleh petugas kesehatan, agar ibu dapat melakukan perawatan dan pencegahan hipotermia pada anak yang baru dilahirkan secara mandiri. \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000Neonatal death can be caused by hypothermia. Premature and LBW babies are more susceptible to hypothermia problems. This analysis aims to provide information about the mothers’ knowledge related to LBW and hypothermia prevention on LBW babies in oreder to achieve normal growth. This is a qualitative research part of cohort studies of child development in 2017 in Bogor City. The study was conducted by in-depth interviews to 12 mothers of low birth weight babies and had achieved normal nutritional status at 2 years old (WAZ and HAZ). The results show that most mothers know the cut of point of LBW and assume their child's birth size was smaller than other children. In order to prevent the occurrence of hypothermia, some treatments was done by mothers either through a conventional method (incubator in hospital), skin to skin method (kangaroo method and early breastfeeding initiation), or traditional methods. Increasing knowledge of mother about methods to prevent hypothermia in low birth weight babies through socialization by health officer is important so that mother can do the care independently.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81238058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mekanisme Katekin Sebagai Obat Antidislipidemia (Uji In Silico)","authors":"Rosa Adelina","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i3.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i3.899","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has a large biodiversity that can be used as a medicinal plant, one of that is Gambir. The high content of catechin in gambir has the potential to be an antidyslipidemic drug. The mechanism of catechin as antidyslipidemic drug can be traced using a molecular docking study which is one of the studies of the in silico study model used to filter compounds based on their mechanism of action against target proteins. In this study, the molecular docking of catechin was done using Molecular on Environment Software (MOE) to identify the affinity and interaction with HMG-CoA reductase and LDL enzymes that contribute to fat/cholesterol metabolism. The results of molecular docking showed that catechin interaction against HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor enzymes had Gibbs value of -6,5758 kcal/mol and -16,1709 kcal/mol, respectively. Potential catechin action mechanisms as antidyslipidemic use two pathways, inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme and increased LDL receptor. \u0000  \u0000Abstrak  \u0000Indonesia memiliki kekayaan hayati yang besar dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat, salah satunya gambir. Kandungan senyawa katekin yang tinggi dalam gambir berpotensi sebagai antidislipidemia. Mekanisme katekin sebagai antidislipidemia dapat ditelusuri menggunakan studi docking molekuler yang merupakan salah satu studi model studi in silico yang digunakan untuk menapis senyawa berdasarkan mekanisme kerjanya terhadap protein target. Pada penelitian ini senyawa katekin dilakukan docking secara molekuler dengan menggunakan Software Moleculer on Environtment (MOE) dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui daya afinitas dan interaksinya terhadap enzim HMG-CoA reduktase dan reseptor LDL yang berperan terhadap metabolisme kolesterol. Hasil docking molekuler menunjukkan bahwa interaksi katekin terhadap enzim HMG-CoA reduktase dan reseptor LDL memiliki nilai Gibbs  masing-masing sebesar -6,5758 kacl/mol dan -16,1709 kcal/mol. Potensi mekanisme aksi katekin sebagai antidislipidemia menggunakan dua jalur yaitu penghambatan enzim HMG-CoA reduktase dan peningkatan reseptor LDL. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76675731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribusi Jenis Tikus yang Terkonfirmasi sebagai Reservoir Hantavirusdi Provinsi Sumatera Selatan","authors":"S. Santoso, Milana Salim, Nungki Hapsari Suryaningtyas","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Hantavirus infection has been reported in many countries, including in Indonesia with estimated cases in the world of 150,000-200,000 cases and CFR between 5-15%. Reports of hantavirus in humans in Indonesia have not been widely reported. Results specialized vectora research in 2015 found hantavirus infection in mice. Hantavirus examination was performed by two methods, ELISA and PCR. ELISA results obtained 8.9% (28/316) of mice infected with hantavirus, and PCR examination of 65.5% (19/29). Further analysis of the results of this rikhus vektora aims to determine the distribution of mice infected with hantavirus. The result of bivariate analysis did not show any statistically significant relationship between dependent and independent variables. The most heavily infected mice of hantavirus are adult male Rattus and male sex. The most common type of ecosystem found in hantavirus positive rats is remote forest settlements (11.5%) with the most common type found in paddy fields (25%). \u0000  \u0000Abstrak \u0000Infeksi hantavirus telah dilaporkan di banyak Negara, termasuk di Indonesia dengan perkiraan kasus di dunia sebesar 150.000-200.000 kasus dan CFR antara 5 - 15%. Laporan hantavirus pada manusia di Indonesia belum banyak dilaporkan. Hasil Riset khusus vektora tahun 2015 menemukan infeksi hantavirus pada tikus. Pemeriksaan hantavirus dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu ELISA dan PCR. Hasil pemeriksaan ELISA mendapatkan 8,9% (28/316) tikus terinfeksi hantavirus, dan pemeriksaan PCR sebesar 65,5% (19/29). Analisis lanjut hasil Rikhus vektora ini berujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi tikus yang terinfeksi hantavirus. Hasil analisis bivariat tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara variabel dependen dan independent. Jenis tikus yang paling banyak terinfeksi hantavirus adalah Rattus usia dewasa dan jenis kelamin jantan. Tipe ekosistem paling banyak ditemukan tikus positif hantavirus adalah hutan jauh pemukiman (11,5%) dengan jenis lokasi paling banyak ditemukan di sawah (25%). ","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80768423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemakaian Aplikasi Mobile \"Balita Sehat\" Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu dalam Memantau Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Balita","authors":"N. Amaliah","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i3.880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i3.880","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of information technology provides new opportunities for the integration the practice ofhealth into mobile device (m-Health) which currently still limited its development in Indonesia. “Balita Sehat” application can be an alternative for growth, development, and consumption monitoring. The objectives of this research are to measure the level of knowledge and attitude of the under-five mother, test the effectiveness, and identify the dominant factors that influence the change of mothers knowledge and attitude toward child growth and development monitoring. The design of this study is quasi experiment. Samples were mother of child aged 0-59 months, 100 mothers each from control and intervention group. Data were obtained through interviews by using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney Test and logistic regression. The pretest results showed no differences in knowledge and attitude scores between the two groups (pvalue 0.348 and 0.347). Meanwhile, there were significant differences (pvalue <0.01 and 0.001) after the intervention. There were also a significant differences of the changes in knowledge and attitude scores between the two groups (pvalue 0.001 and 0.013). The use of Balita Sehat mobile application significantly improves mother's knowledge and attitude. Frequency of utilization and mother's age (>25 years) are the dominant factors that influence the changes in knowledge. In addition, the frequency of utilization and father's education are the factors influencing the changes in attitude. Balita Sehat mobile app can be an effective tools to increase mother's practice in monitoring the growth and development of her child. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Pergerakan teknologi informasi yang pesat berpeluang untuk mengintegrasikan berbagai praktik di bidang kesehatan ke layanan perangkat bergerak (m-Health) yang saat ini masih terbatas pengembangannya di Indonesia. Pemanfaatan aplikasi Balita Sehat dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk memantau pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan konsumsi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibu balita, menguji efektivitas, dan mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi perubahan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu terhadap pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Disain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen. Sampel adalah ibu dari anak berusia 0-59 bulan yang  masing-masing berjumlah 100 ibu baik di kelompok kontrol maupun intervensi. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner terstruktur. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan regresi logistik. Hasil pretest menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan skor pengetahuan dan sikap diantara dua kelompok (pvalue 0,348 dan 0,347) dan setelah intervensi terdapat perbedaan signifikan (pvalue <0,01 dan 0,001). Perubahan skor pengetahuan dan sikap juga menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara dua kelompok (pvalue 0,001 dan 0,013). Pemakaian aplikasi mobile Balita Sehat secara bermakna meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sik","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85441013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambaran Kasus Mutasi Terkait Resistensi Antiretroviral pada orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA) di Tiga Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Papua","authors":"H. Hutapea","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I3.902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I3.902","url":null,"abstract":"Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been found effective to decrease HIV-1 infected cases, however increase the resistances due to nucleotide mutation. The mutation causes virus to be resistant to ARV, making the therapy is no longer effective. The ARV therapy District Nabire, Jayapura, and Jayawijaya was Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (RTI). The goal of this study was to obtain the data of mutation associated to viral resistance to ARV RTI and protease inhibitor group. Plasma samples were obtained from 252 subjects purposively in HIV/AIDS population from corresponding Care, Support, and Therapy clinic. The genotyping, measurement of CD4 and viral load were performed to all samples. DNA analysis was performed by genotyping method. Among 252 samples, 89 samples (35.32%) had CD4 count <350 sel/ul. Twenty three samples (8.73%) had viral load >10.000 copies/mL. There were 15 (5,95%) samples were identified as mutant related to RTI resistance, and none for protease. The most frequent mutation motive was M184V/I, 12 samples (80,00%). This data provided important information about the continuous need of ARV therapy monitoring to suppress transmission drug resistance.   \u0000  \u0000Abstrak   \u0000Penemuan antiretroviral (ARV) secara signifikan telah menjadi bagian penting dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS. Terapi ARV dilakukan untuk menurunkan kasus HIV-1, namun dapat menyebabkan resistensi virus terhadap ARV tersebut. Data prevalensi HIV-1 resisten ARV pada Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) di Papua, khususnya Kabupaten Nabire, Kab./Kota Jayapura, dan Kab. Jayawijaya belum tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data prevalensi mutasi terkait resistensi virus terhadap ARV golongan penghambat rtase dan protease. Sebanyak 84 responden yang sudah diterapi minimal 6 bulan diambil secara purposive dari setiap lokasi penelitian. Genotyping, pemeriksaan nilai CD4 dan viral load dilakukan terhadap semua sampel. Analisis DNA dilakukan dengan metode genotyping. Dari 252 sampel, sebanyak 89 responden (35,32%) memiliki nilai CD4 <350 sel/ul darah. Sebanyak 23 responden (8,73%) memiliki nilai viral load >10.000 salinan/mL. Sebanyak 15 sampel (5,95%) teridentifikasi mengalami mutasi pada DNA target ARV golongan penghambat rtase, dan tidak ditemukan mutasi terkait resistensi pada gen protease. Motif mutasi yang paling banyak adalah M184V/I, yaitu sebanyak 12 sampel (80,00%). Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemantauan terapi ARV secara berkesinambungan tetap diperlukan untuk menekan penulan HIV resisten ARV. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89278711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studi Kasus Difteri di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Kota Probolinggo, Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2015","authors":"Mugeni Sugiharto","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v46i3.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i3.903","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan:  Difteri merupakan penyakit menular yang mematikan dan menyerang saluran pernafasan bagian atas. Kejadian diphtheria ini dikarenakan masih ada bayi yang tidak diimunisasi DPT. Tujuan adalah mengetahui kasus difteri dan strategi penanggulangan di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Kota Probolinggo, Tahun 2012-2014. Metode: Deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder yang didukung dengan data indepth interview. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Kota Probolinggo, karena banyaknya bayi yang tidak diimunisasi dan adanya kasus difteri. Informan adalah penanggung jawab imunisasi kabupaten. Hasil: Kasus difteri masih tinggi di Kabupaten Bangkalan, kematian terbanyak 4 orang dari 76 kasus tahun 2013. Kota Probolinggo 8 kasus, 8 sembuh tahun 2012. Terdapat bayi belum mendapat imunisasi DPT 1-3 lengkap pada usia 4 bulan dikarenakan rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat, penolakan imunisasi, takut bayi panas dan rewel, bidan kurang fokus terhadap program imunisasi, kurang melibatkan tokoh agama. Kebijakan supervisi supportif sebagai strategi penanggulangan rendahnya cakupan DPT memberikan solusi positif. Kesimpulan: Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Kota Probolinggo berpotensi difteri, karena banyak sasaran yang tidak diimunisasi DPT lengkap, bidan tidak fokus, catatan kohort tidak akurat, tidak melibatkan tokoh agama, kurang sosialisasi, masyarakat tidak memahami imunisasi secara benar. Kebijakan penanggulangan rendahnya cakupan DPT menggunakan strategi supervisi suportif. Saran: Permenkes 42/2013, petugas diwajibkan untuk mengimunisasi semua sasaran imunisasi untuk mencegah terjadinya difteri. \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000Background: Diphtheria is a deadly infectious disease and attacks the upper respiratory tract. The incidence of diphtheria is because there are still many babies who are not immunized DPT. The objective of study is to identify cases and coping strategies of diphtheria. Method: This was a descriptive study used secondary data which was supported by indepth interview. The study was conducted due to the large number of unimmunized infants and diphtheria cases in Bangkalan District and Probolinggo City, in 2012 to 2014. The informants were the people who responsible for the district immunization. Result: The case of diphtheria is still high in Bangkalan regency, with the most 4 deaths from 76 cases in 2013. Probolinggo city reported 8 cases which were all have recovered in 2012. There were infants have not received a completed of DPT 1-3 immunization at the age of 4 months due to low of public knowledge, immunizations rejection, fear of hot and fussy babies, midwives were less focused on immunization programs, and religious leaders less involved. A supportive supervision policy as a coping strategy for low DPT coverage provides a positive solution. Conclussion: Bangkalan and Probolinggo have potency of diphtheria, because many targets are uncompleted  immunized DPT, less focus of midwife, unaccurated cohort record, uninvolved religious leaders, lack of socializat","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85207090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efek Sinergis Kombinasi Ekstrak Air Akar Batu (Gerrardanthus Macrorhizus) dengan Doxorubicin pada Sel Kanker Payudara T47D","authors":"Sari Haryanti","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I3.878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I3.878","url":null,"abstract":"Doxorubicin is one of the most widely used chemotherapy agents in cancer therapy. The clinical results of doxorubicin are limited by cardiotoxic side effects which correlates with dose. Combination of doxorubicin with natural agents is a promising strategy for reducing its therapeutic doses as well as decreasing cardiotoxic effects. This study was conducted to investigate cytotoxic activity of caudex Gerrardanthus macrorhizus aqueous extract and its combination with doxorubicin on T47D cells. Dried caudex powder was extracted by infusion method, evaporated in oven 400C to get dried extract (GM). The MTT assay was performed to determine cytotoxic effect, either alone or in combination. Flow cytometry is used to observe cell cycle profile and apoptotic induction. GM alone did not exhibit cytotoxic effects but caused morphological alteration in T47D cells. Nevertheless, GM 40 μg/mL was able to improve cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin to 51%. Combination of doxorubicin 3 nM and 40 μg/mL GMA inhibited cell cycle in G2/M phase. This combination also resulted apoptotic induction, compared to untreated cell and each single treatment. Based on the results, caudex G. macrorhizus is potential to be further investigated as a co-chemotherapy agent with doxorubicin. \u0000Abstrak \u0000Doxorubicin adalah salah satu agen kemoterapi yang digunakan secara luas dalam terapi kanker. Hasil klinis doxorubicin dibatasi oleh kardiotoksisitas yang berkorelasi dengan besaran dosis. Kombinasi doxorubicin dengan bahan alam merupakan strategi yang menjanjikan untuk mengurangi dosis terapetik doxorubicin sehingga dapat menurunkan efek samping kardiotoksik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak air  caudex Gerrardanthus macrorhizus dan kombinasinya dengan doxorubicin pada sel T47D. Serbuk caudex G. macrorhizus (GM) kering diekstraksi dengan metode infusa, kemudian diuapkan dalam oven 400C. Uji MTT dilakukan untuk menguji efek sitotoksik ekstrak, baik tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan doxorubicin. Flow cytometry digunakan untuk mengetahui profil siklus sel dan induksi apoptosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak tunggal tidak memberikan efek sitotoksik namun mengakibatkan perubahan morfologi pada sel T47D. Ekstrak GM 40 μg/mL mampu meningkatkan efek sitotoksik doxorubicin 3 nM hingga 51%. Kombinasi doxorubicin 3 nM dan ekstrak 40 μg/mL menghambat siklus sel pada fase G2/M dan meningkatkan induksi apoptosis, dibandingkan kontrol sel dan masing-masing perlakuan tunggalnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, caudex G. macrorhizus berpotensi untuk diteliti lebih lanjut sebagai agen ko-kemoterapi dengan doxorubicin. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74707179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Jamu Obesitas terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lingkar Perut, dan Lingkar Lengan dibandingkan dengan Orlistat dan Evaluasi Keamanannya","authors":"Danang Ardiyanto","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V46I3.900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V46I3.900","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity could be a risk factor for other diseases, especially degenerative diseases. The prevalence of obesity is beginning to elevate at developing countries. Indonesia has some traditional ingredients that can be used for alternatives in obesity problems. But there isnot valid evidence for the efficacy and safety of traditional herbs. This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Jamu formulation in comparison with orlistat and evaluate its safety. Jamu formula contains Guazuma ulmifolia dried leaves, Murraya paniculata dried leaves, Rheum officinale dried roots, and Sonchus arvensis dried leaves. The present study was an randomized clinical trial open label undertaken in 242 subjects of obesity for 56 days. The Jamu group received a glass twice daily and orlistat group received a capsule twice daily. Efficacy was assessed by the changes in body mass index, waist and mid-upper arm circumference. Safety was evaluated by SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan creatinine. There was a significant decrease (p<0,05) in body mass index, waist and mid-upper arm circumference after intervention in both group. Changes of those parameters were not significantly different (p>0,05) between both groups. No significant alteration was seen in most of the SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan creatinine in Jamu formula groups. This study showed Jamu formula was an equally effective, but safe alternative for obesity management. \u0000  \u0000Abstrak   \u0000Obesitas dapat menjadi faktor resiko penyakit lain khususnya penyakit degeneratif. Prevalensi obesitas mulai mengalamai peningkatan di negara berkembang. Indonesia memiliki beberapa ramuan tradisional yang dapat digunakan untuk alternatif dalam masalah obesitas. Namun belum ada bukti yang kuat mengenai khasiat dan keamanan dari ramuan tradisional yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manfaat dan keamanan ramuan jamu yang terdiri dari simplisia daun jati belanda, daun kemuning, akar kelembak, dan daun tempuyung dibandingkan orlistat. Penelitian ini menggunakan randomized clinical trial (RCT) open label dengan 242 subyek selama 56 hari.. Kelompok jamu diberikan segelas jamu 2 kali sehari, sedangkan kelompok orlistat diberikan satu kapsul sehari dua kali. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi khasiat formula jamu dan orlistat adalah indeks masa tubuh (IMT), lingkar perut (LP), lingkar lengan atas (LLA). Sedangkan penilaian keamanan digunakan parameter SGOT, SGPT, BUN, dan kreatinin. Pemberian jamu dan orlistat dapat menurunkan IMT, LP, LLA secara bermakna (p<0,05) jika dibandingkan dengan hari ke-0. Penurunan IMT, LP, LLA kelompok jamu dibandingkan orlistat dapat dikatakan setara (p>0,05). Kelompok jamu menujukkan nilai SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan kreatinin dalam rentang normal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ramuan jamu obesitas secara klinis, khasiatnya sebanding dengan orlistat dan aman setelah intervensi selama 56 hari.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79804331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}