Socio-Economic Problems and the State最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of social entrepreneurship development at the local level","authors":"O. Panukhnyk, Yana Fedotova, N. Holych","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.296","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of theoretical, methodological and practical principles of social entrepreneurship. The characteristic features of social business, the world experience of its organization, as well as the conditions of formation are studied. Modern problems of development of this type of activity in Ukraine, in particular at the local level are considered. Based on the generalization of scientific research, the priority forms of management of social enterprises in the state (individual entrepreneur, private enterprise, public organization, limited liability company and agricultural cooperative) are identified. It is determined that the greatest support for social entrepreneurship comes from non-governmental non-profit NGOs, which involve entrepreneurs in social projects, provide free training, information and counseling. It is noted that provided a sufficient amount of investment in the studied type of business, it is necessary to create preconditions for domestic investment in export-oriented areas of social activities, primarily in small and medium enterprises. Prospects for the development of research activities in local communities, including the adoption of a strong legal framework to define social entrepreneurship as a separate category of business, cooperation with the media to disseminate information about social business, attracting as many donor programs to support activities, availability of significant resources that are not involved in traditional business. It is noted that the key tool for the development of social entrepreneurship is the support of the state, which should be accompanied by programs for the development of social enterprises, the introduction of a system of soft loans, the development of a national strategy for social entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126960862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational culture of management: adhocracy, competence and leadership","authors":"R. Sherstiuk, Igor Stoyko, V. Palyanytsya","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.01.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.01.037","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the directions for solving the problems of organizational culture of production through adhocratic management style. In high-tech and fast-growing industries, organizations have emerged that show signs of organizing the future. In the scientific literature, these organizations are called adhocratic, which are based on knowledge and competence, rather than on positions in the hierarchy. In adhocratic organizations, in contrast to bureaucratic structures, there is a shift from entrenched schemes, standardization, division of functions and methods of activity (the desire for a rigid division of labor, excessive formalization of behavior and interaction, total use of planning and control systems, etc.). The article connects the issue of adhocratic management with competence and leadership. The competence of the employee is seen as the degree of his qualification, which allows him to successfully solve the tasks facing him. The greatest organizational effect for this management system will be if there are leaders in different positions of managers. The basic features of leadership are highlighted: ability to make responsible and complex decisions, willingness to take proper responsibility for them; concern for the common good and benefit of people, not for personal gain; the ability to lead people on a completely voluntary basis; possession of charisma and natural power of influence; trust in the leader of the group and strong authority; the ability to admit mistakes and the desire to take responsibility for defeats, to look for personal miscalculations. The advantages (participation of all the organization’s members, continuous learning, solving problems according to the capabilities of each team member) and disadvantages (possible problems of communication during decision-making process; if the organization is not used to working “adhocratically”, it is constantly looking for a boss; long decision-making process due to taking into account the points of views of many people) of adhocratic management are identified.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"123 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124518357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imperfections of global trade","authors":"A. Virkovska","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.nom2.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.nom2.107","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the imperfections and current trends in global trade, namely: the widening of the gap between developed and developing countries due to the new financial capabilities of countries that issue reserve currencies; certain changes in geopolitical rivalry and protectionism; the transformation of biotechnologies into the main driver of economic growth, processes of strengthening the liberalization of global trade, which is connected, on the one hand, with an increase in the number of WTO members, and on the other - with the expansion of regional integration associations, which strengthen their economic influence through the creation of free trade zones with individual countries and integration associations, which will also leave a certain mark on the development of global trade in the future. The article also examines the volume of export and import of goods and services, as well as its changes after the COVID-19 pandemic. Nowadays, global trade is developing under the influence of such factors as the scientific and technological revolution, the international division of labor, internationalization, the activities of transnational companies, etc. As a result of its development, such trends as: increasing the value and importance of information appeared. Also, under the influence of the 4.0 revolution, issues of the quality of goods and services become very relevant, because there is fierce competition between countries, industries and firms at the global level, which is caused by the main trends, namely: technology transfer, cooperation between countries, liberalization of cross-border movement, increased dynamism of global processes, strengthening the role of online trade. One of the factors of modern international economic relations is the integration between the economies of different countries, which in crisis situations leads to the strengthening of the consequences of trade. The modern trend of global trade is the existence of bilateral relations, that is, a large number of countries that export goods to any country can import goods from the same country. The sale of goods and services on the global market is actively influenced not only by economic and political factors, but also by unforeseen circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125446903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of marketing concepts: from marketing 2.0 to a value marketing strategy","authors":"O. Burlitska","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.316","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of marketing, which has brought marketing of the third generation to the first positions nowadays is presented in the article. Marketing 3.0 aims not only to meet the immediate needs of consumers, but also to create new marketing values together with consumers. Changes in the company’s operating environment, and especially changes in consumer behaviour, mean that the challenge for companies in the new marketing is to get to know their customers better - their needs, wants and fears - in order to reach not only their minds but also their hearts and souls. Such a strategy requires a vision, a mission, as well as the values of the companies. The expectation of companies to be more authentic and transparent means that value must be the basis for their functioning. But relying on values alone is not enough for a company’s marketing policy. Firms must change the whole value creation model. Customers as well as other interested parties who are dissatisfied with the existing opportunities offered by the business in the field of solving societal problems, want to cooperate in this field with the enterprises - they want to take part in value creation and new solutions. The author has justified the importance of creating a value portfolio and integrating them into a unified holistic system in the process of forming a value marketing strategy on the principles of reasonableness, fairness, and spiritual consumerism. The hierarchical structuring of value marketing, which companies invest in their products and convey to consumers, was carried out. It was concluded that third-generation marketing involves the cooperation of companies in value creation and problem solving, which are of concern to people. The joint creation of economic and social value not only enables the satisfaction of the deep-seated needs and expectations of the customers, but also the concern for social wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132469728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and social aspects of development and application of troleybuses with autonomous running in Ukraine","authors":"S. Voytkiv","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.nom2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.nom2.003","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important components of the passenger transportation system in many domestic cities is trolleybus transport, as one of the types of environmentally friendly urban passenger vehicles for public use. Since the beginning of the 2000s, in many countries of the world, its intensive development has been taking place at a new level thanks to the use of trolleybuses with autonomous running, capable of transporting passengers on sections of routes not equipped with a contact electrical network. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic and social aspects of the development and use of trolleybuses with autonomous running in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the main design parameters of trolleybuses with autonomous running, the effect of autonomous mileage on reducing the nominal passenger capacity without increasing the permissible gross weight regulated for classic trolleybuses and buses was assessed. The market value of new modern models of trolleybuses of Ukrainian and Belarusian manufacturers, equipped with various autonomous sources of electricity, in particular traction batteries and supercapacitors, was analyzed. The inadequacy of the market value of trolleybuses with autonomous running is shown, which is much higher than classic trolleybuses. A generalized evaluation indicator of the technical excellence of trolleybuses with autonomous running is proposed, which takes into account the total structural weight, nominal passenger capacity and autonomous mileage. Two options for the development of trolleybus transport and its integration into urban transport systems are considered, related either to the existing trolleybus electric networks or, in the near future, to the reconstruction and construction of more powerful electric substations for faster charging of autonomous sources of electric energy. Their implementation will ensure a significant increase in the autonomous mileage of trolleybuses without a significant increase in the capacity of autonomous sources of electricity. Proposed measures to ensure the active development of urban and suburban passenger transport systems based on the use of trolleybuses with autonomous running.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115565733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic concept of tourism potential reconstruction in the post-war Ukraine","authors":"Tetiana Dedilova, O. Nosyriev, S. Osypova","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.01.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.01.046","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the development of conceptual foundations of Ukraine’s tourism potential reconstruction in the post-war period 2022-2030 on the basis of strategic management. The choice of the research subject has made it necessary to consider the essence and content of the tourism potential in its inseparable connection with the resource component. The results of the study were obtained on the basis of the use of such general scientific methods as theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, a comprehensive approach, as well as the main provisions of the strategic management theory. It is established that, based on the importance of the contribution of tourism potential to the national economics, its reconstruction should take place within the framework of the state strategy of reconstruction and development for the post-war Ukraine. A visual representation of such connections is proposed. The proposed version of the strategy of post-war reconstruction and development of the country is an initial simplified attempt to combine strategic elements of the National Development Strategy and the tourism development strategy. Its development does not contradict the existing draft Strategy for Sustainable Development of Ukraine until 2030 and the Strategy for the Development of Tourism and Resorts until 2026 year. Within the framework of such a strategy, its vision, mission, strategic goals of the state are outlined, and the content of support in certain areas is revealed. As a feature of the reconstruction and development strategy of post-war Ukraine, it should be noted in its structure the recommendation to promote the unique brand “Ukraine is new horizons” on the international tourist services market. Separately, a scheme for planning the development of tourism potential in the framework of the implementation of reconstruction and development strategy of post-war Ukraine is proposed, in which it is recommended to allocate investment resources by three levels: by tourism directions, by investment projects, by regional basis.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"361 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115922509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of innovative marketing components","authors":"O. Vivchar, M. Ziailyk","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.281","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of Ukraine's economy is characterized by increased competition and the growing influence of marketing innovation on economic growth. The impact of the innovative marketing components on increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise is considered in the article, also the essence of marketing in innovation management is revealed. Such economic categories as \"innovation\", \"innovation policy\", \"innovation marketing\" are analyzed in the article, their role and importance in the economic activity of enterprises are identified. The influence of the components of innovative marketing on the efficiency of the general activity of the enterprise, optimization of its production process and increase of the profitability of the enterprise are also determined. At present, enterprises are facing the need to update the technological base of production, improve the quality of products produced in order to expand markets. This can be achieved through an active innovation policy and through the use of elements of innovative marketing at the enterprise. Research of the market of new production is necessary for revealing the consumers’ needs on the basis of which the new image of a product can be created. It is for these purposes that it is necessary to use the components of innovative marketing, which is a special kind of purposeful creative activity for the continuous implementation of quality improvement of marketing products and tools. When developing a market strategy in domestic practice usually two types of marketing are used: product, focused on a particular product or service; consumer, focused on a group of consumers and integrated marketing, focused on both product and consumer. Each of these types of marketing is aimed at one of the two components of the sales process: the product or its buyer. In both cases, the manufacturer is at risk. Producer can make a product that it is unknown who will buy, or find a consumer, but will not be able to meet his/her requests and sell the product. Due to the active innovation policy and the use of elements of innovative marketing, enterprises can achieve renewal of the technological base of production, improve the quality of products produced in order to expand markets.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124181284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creative management as dominant of innovative enterprises","authors":"H. Ostrovska","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.625","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles that define the conceptual platform of creative management processes as a dominant component of innovative enterprises. Approaches to the \"creative management\" concept interpretation are reviewed. It is substantiated that creative thinking makes it possible to change the vision of the world, the vision of the standard, as well as initiates new ideas. The principles, mechanisms, tools and methods of development and implementation of non-standard management decisions and management innovations are improved. The scientific view upon the creativity as the main criterion and target function of economic and socio-cultural development is substantiated. Peculiarities of personality creativity as individual capital provided by creative people working in the conditions of high technologies, promotion of talents and tolerance are revealed. It is proved that the introduction of a creative management system in modern enterprises allows to obtain competitive advantages not only within the domestic market, but also in the world markets. At the same time, the use of creative management tools allows managers to solve problems and take a creative approach to business management processes quickly. The implementation of this concept makes it possible to create a viable, effective management system for each enterprise, which ensures the permanent effectiveness of the formation and realization of business processes in all departments. Recommendations in the context of creative management development at the domestic enterprises are worked out, and also mechanisms of their practical effectuation are offered. The author's proposed recommendations can be used in the context of the formation of organizational and economic mechanism to ensure the effective intellectual potential use in innovative enterprises.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124423495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of information technologies on the accounting and analytical system of business economic entities","authors":"Petro Khomуn, Ulyana Pluha, Alla Sroga, Olena Bula","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.491","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of information technology on the organization of accounting for enterprises is examined in the article. The state and main tendencies in the introduction of information technologies in the activity of economic entities are analyzed. Due to the total digitalization there is a complete transformation of economic activity and accounting in enterprises. The changes affected accounting, reporting, analysis and taxation, which are directly related to the operation of enterprises. The functions of the accounting and analytical system of business entities and their role in making management decisions are summarized. It is substantiated that IT-technologies have significantly simplified the collection, storage, transmission of information, as well as increase the accuracy and efficiency of its analysis. The advantages and disadvantages of accounting automation are identified. It is established that modern information and communication technologies necessitate continuous improvement of professional competencies and digital skills of employees, that the digital transformation of accounting, analysis and taxation will make the process of conducting competitive, more efficient and high-quality, as well as simpler and cheaper. The assessment of the modern market of the accounting software which has universal programs for automation of accounting of the enterprises of various spheres of activity which as much as possible consider features of activity of the enterprises is carried out. The most common automated applications for accounting and business management used in Ukraine are presented, and their ratings are analyzed. The influence of digital technologies on making qualitatively new requirements to specialists in the field of accounting is proved, as a result, the development of digital competencies becomes the main requirement for staff. The directions of further scientific researches are defined.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114504058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic features and characteristics of behavioral and experimental economy formation","authors":"Taras Demkura, I. Markovych","doi":"10.33108/sepd2022.02.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.465","url":null,"abstract":"The preconditions for the emergence of behavioral economics are examined in the article, the relationship between behavioral and experimental economics are outlined and the features of the economic entities behavior irrationality are identified. The irrationality of human behavior from the standpoint of modern researchers and assumptions about the possibility of predicting such irrationality in economic models are analyzed. The peculiarities of conducting experiments are highlighted and their significance for research in behavioral economics is proved. It is shown that economic theories, which are based on a methodological approach to understanding human behavior as absolutely rational, formalization of scenarios of its behavior have long failed to withstand scientific criticism and do not have enough convincing empirical evidence. The differences between the research tools in behavioral and experimental economics are determined. The difference between \"economy\" and \"humane\" is shown. Economic people must make their decisions based on logic and mathematics, and humane people are characterized by volatility of decisions due to the tendency to framing and other cognitive biases. It is shown that the \"economy\" has the following features: a priority desire to meet their own needs and the development of personal interest; natural desire to improve their own economic situation; leveling of psychological, ethical and spiritual values in order to achieve economic goals; full awareness of the phenomena and trends of economic processes; rational economic behavior, etc. It has been determined that the subjects of economic relations are guided not by absolute rationality, but often by emotional or instinctive impulses, which are often inconsistent with the logical mechanism of decision-making from the point of view of efficiency. A promising area of further research is the analysis of cognitive biases, psychophysiological patterns, social norms and their impact on decision-making processes in the economy.","PeriodicalId":402980,"journal":{"name":"Socio-Economic Problems and the State","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114702858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}