Organic Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Low-cost fabrication of organic rectifying diodes for high-speed AC/DC conversion","authors":"Norio Onojima,&nbsp;Ryousei Matsumoto,&nbsp;Kanta Hatano,&nbsp;Naoki Koremura","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toward the establishment of low-cost manufacturing, ohmic contact formation techniques of organic devices should be developed without use of noble metals. In this study, organic diodes based on poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) were fabricated on FTO/glass substrates using non-noble metal (Al) anode electrodes and exhibited rectification behavior when depositing MoO_x beneath the Al anode electrode. This suggests that an ohmic-like contact was selectively obtained due to the conduction path formed between the Fermi level of Al and charge-transfer state of P3HT. High-speed AC/DC conversion efficiency of P3HT-based rectifying diodes was investigated using a half-wave rectification circuit and compared to a commercially-available Si Schottky diode. Reduction in the rectifying characteristics of the half-wave rectification circuit using the P3HT devices with increasing the measurement frequency was discussed on the basis of equivalent circuit model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress and prospects of inverted singlet-triplet energy gap (INVEST) materials in OLEDs","authors":"Makhvela Anwer,&nbsp;Shiwei Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complete harvesting of singlet and triplet excitons offers a pathway to surpass the spin-statistics limit of conventional fluorescent materials. This opens the door to highly efficient molecular light-emission mechanisms such as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). This TADF mechanism is aided by low singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔE_ST), which are usually positive (following Hund's rule). Recent research has explored the violation of Hund's rule by inverting the excited states. Consequently, thermodynamically advantageous down conversion by the negative ΔE_ST eliminates the need for thermal activation and permits more effective reverse intersystem crossing (RISC), which enables solving problems of short lifetime and fast efficiency roll off of organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. The potential uses of molecules that violate Hund's law have garnered considerable interest in OLEDs, bioimaging, and photocatalysis. Therefore, the success of INVEST materials holds the potential to enable the next generation of OLEDs. This mini-review focuses on significant progress in INVEST materials (molecular design and photophysical properties). Furthermore, the outlook and prospects for future developments in INVEST materials are described.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional heterojunction synaptic transistors based on transferred organic semiconductor crystals for superior visual adaptation","authors":"Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zunxian Yang ,&nbsp;Ye Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiajie Hong ,&nbsp;Yuting Bai ,&nbsp;Xudong Jiang ,&nbsp;Benfang Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Xuanyao Song ,&nbsp;Zhezhou Fang ,&nbsp;Jinzhu Gao ,&nbsp;Zheyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Runsen Yu ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Yuan ,&nbsp;Tailiang Guo ,&nbsp;Yun Ye ,&nbsp;Yongyi Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photoelectronic transistors had attracted significant attention in the field of neuromorphic computing, as they integrated efficient sensing, memory, and processing capabilities into a single device. The design of multilayer heterostructures offered novel opportunities for developing multifunctional optoelectronic devices, particularly for neuromorphic optoelectronic devices that required integrated non-volatile memory and excellent optical response characteristics. TIPS-pentacene films with High-quality were successfully prepared through liquid surface growth and evaporation crystallization, and these films were further transferred to target substrates for heterostructure devices. Based on this strategy, a CsPbBr₃/PMMA/TIPS-pentacene heterojunction photoelectronics transistor was developed to overcome the limitations of traditional solution-based strategies for preparing multilayer structures. Owing to the ultra-thin and high-quality TIPS-pentacene conductive layer and its excellent interface contact with the underlying film, the composite transistor demonstrated high electrical properties, including high mobility and low subthreshold swing. It exhibited typical synaptic characteristics such as pulse-promotion facilitation (PPF). The device also delivered excellent non-volatile memory characteristics, with multi-state memory windows observed under different gate scanning ranges. Based on the strong gate modulation, the photoelectronic transistor array successfully simulated the dark and bright adaptation behaviors of the human visual system. Therefore, the preparation strategy for multifunctional photoelectronic transistors proposed in this work provided an unique perspective for the next generation of artificial neural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital organic memristor based on P3HT doped with organic small molecules TmPyPB/ TpPyPB","authors":"Xuechen Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Jinjin Zhao ,&nbsp;Fuquan Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Fan ,&nbsp;Zixun Chen ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Yujia Zhai ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Gao ,&nbsp;Wenshan Qu ,&nbsp;Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital organic memristors have potential in the field of data storage technology due to their advantages of superintegration, simple preparation process, flexibility and low power consumption. However, it's difficult to achieve low operating voltages while maintaining strong endurance. We fabricated digital organic memristors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) doped with 1,3,5-tri(m-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl) benzene (TmPyPB) or 1,3,5-tris(p-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl) benzene (TpPyPB), which achieve both strong endurance and low operating voltages. The device exhibits a current on/off ratio (<em>I</em>_{<em>on/off</em>}) of 10⁴, long retention time of 10⁴ s, strong endurance of 250 cycles, and response time of 500 ms. Their set voltage (<em>V</em>_<em>set</em>) and reset voltage (<em>V</em>_{<em>reset</em>}) were frozen in 1.85 V and −2.69 V, respectively. The resistive switching mechanism was the trapping and detrapping process of charge trap induced by TmPyPB or TpPyPB. In addition, we constructed a 10 × 10 memristor array, realized alphabetic information storage and basic logic operations, demonstrate the device has good reliability, current stability, and uniform performance. This study provides an effective solution for realizing digital organic memristors with high durability and low operating voltage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cu/Ag composite nanotrough embedded polyacrylonitrile film: Transparent conducting electrodes with excellent flexibility and a high quality factor","authors":"Qinjun Sun ,&nbsp;Jian Zhao ,&nbsp;Hua Ding ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Wang ,&nbsp;Qianwen Hu ,&nbsp;LiYan Gao ,&nbsp;Yuying Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With high flexibility, conductivity and transparency, metal nanotroughs (NTRs) are considered to be the most promising candidates for flexibility transparent electrode. Here, we report metal NTR films fabricated by electro-spun and thermal evaporation. By optimizing steam treatment time, copper-silver ratio, coverage rate, and transfer process, smooth and continuous metal NTR films were obtained. The Cu/Ag NTR-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) film displayed superior photoelectric properties: transmitted 94.4 % of visible light (550 nm), showed a low sheet resistance of 2.48 Ω/□ and a very high quality factor of 2.27 × 10⁻¹ (Ω/□)⁻¹. Meanwhile, the relative change rate of resistance was less than 0.002 under a bending radius of 5 mm after 10,000 cycles. The results indicate that composite metal nanotroughs provide a new way for the preparation of high performance flexible transparent electrode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding of charge transport and non-linear optical responses into π-extended Carbo[n]Helicenes for organic optoelectronic applications","authors":"Vipin Kumar ,&nbsp;Simplice Koudjina ,&nbsp;Guy Y.S. Atohoun ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Chetti","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aims of this study is to investigate the charge transport and Non-Linear Optical (NLO) responses of Chen and Shen (2017), Xiao et al. (2021), Hoffmann (2014), Liégeois and Champagne (2012), Zou et al. (2021) and Wang et al. (2019) [7,9,11,13,15,17]<strong>Helicenes</strong>. The computational framework DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) methodology ties the highlights to the computational framework in analyzing the optoelectronic properties and NLO parameters of the Helicenes series. The TD-DFT calculations with same level are utilized to mimic the absorption properties from ground to excited state. The numerical ranges for absorption maxima (370–465 nm) and energy gaps (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) are clearly stated, offering precise insight into the benzene rings chiroptical succession. Ionization potential (I.P.), electron affinity (E.A.), reorganization energies (λ), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) are evaluated for the reported Helicenes. The calculated λ_h and λ_e decreases with increasing helicene size and ranges from 236 to 101 meV and 247-213 meV, respectively. The static and dynamic first and second hyperpolarizabilities connects the charge transport properties (λ_h &lt; λ_e) to the potential NLO optical responses. Hyperpolarizabilities in the order of 10⁻²⁴ to 10⁻³¹ esu, suggest these Carbo [n]Helicenes as promising candidates for advanced NLO materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the multiplication mechanism of single-carrier transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetector","authors":"Xiaogang Chen ,&nbsp;Aohuan Shi ,&nbsp;Kailiang Bai ,&nbsp;Wenshu Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Long ,&nbsp;Yao Li ,&nbsp;Feiping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiplication-type organic photodetectors exhibit advantages such as high gain, broad spectral response, flexibility, and low cost, making them promising candidates for applications in weak light detection, biomedical imaging, wearable devices, and optical communication. To explore the multiplication mechanism of single-carrier-transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetectors, this study has fabricated electron trap-type organic photodetectors with a structure of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/Active-layer/Al using the solution spin-coating method, and the active layers(ACL) were composed of binary blends of classical systems of P3HT:PC₆₁BM (100:1, wt/wt), PBDB-T: ITIC (100:1, wt/wt), or PTB7:PC₇₁BM (100:1, wt/wt). The absorption spectra of the active layers and the external quantum efficiency of the devices were measured, and the light intensity distribution and the distribution of photogenerated charge carriers in the devices were simulated and calculated. By comparing the absorption spectra of the active layers, the external quantum efficiency of the devices, and the distribution curve of photo-generated electrons near the Al electrode, it can be concluded that the multiplication effect in the single-carrier-transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetector is explained by the quantum tunneling injection of holes into the external circuit, which is induced by charge trapped by the interface trap near the aluminum electrode. This study provides valuable insights into the multiplication mechanism of multiplication-type organic photodetectors, offering a theoretical basis for the development and fabrication of high-performance multiplication-type organic photodetectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface modification by sulfonamide for high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells","authors":"YanChao Xu ,&nbsp;Xingchong Liu ,&nbsp;Yongshan Peng ,&nbsp;Tanggui He ,&nbsp;Anmin Tang ,&nbsp;Haimin Li ,&nbsp;Hanyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tin dioxide (SnO₂) is a promising material for the electron transport layer in n-i-p perovskite solar cells, but its performance is limited by internal defects and band misalignment with the perovskite layer. In this study, para-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide (PCBS) was used to modify the buried interface between SnO₂ and perovskite. The -COOH and S=O groups in PCBS passivate the -OH and Sn in SnO₂, respectively. Meanwhile, the -NH₂ group passivates the excess Pb²⁺ within the perovskite film. The PCBS modification enhances the hydrophobicity of the SnO₂ surface, promoting the growth of high-quality, large-grain perovskite films, thereby significantly suppressing non-radiative recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Moreover, the PCBS modification introduces better energy-level alignment between the SnO₂ and perovskite layers, enabling more efficient electron extraction. Finally, the PCBS interface enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs to 21.47 %. After 1440 h of storage in a N₂ atmosphere, the unencapsulated PSCs with interface alteration kept 93.9 % of their original value. These results indicate that burying the perovskite layer with PCBS is a promising strategy to improve the performance of PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction method of trap states dynamics parameters for organic photodetectors based on transient laser response","authors":"Sai Liu,&nbsp;Jiajie Liu,&nbsp;Ruipeng Chen,&nbsp;Miao Xu,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Weijing Wu,&nbsp;Junbiao Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a charge-based model for the transient laser response of an organic photodetector (OPD) device considering the relaxation process of trap states. Based on the proposed model, the microscopic relaxation process of trapped charge can be linked to the macroscopic transient characteristics of the OPD device. Consequently, an extraction method is developed to obtain the dynamic parameters of trap states. The classical P3HT: PCBM heterojunction OPD device was fabricated for transient testing. The transient test system was built using an optical chamber, current amplifier, oscilloscope, signal generator and laser. As a result, the electron capture coefficient r_n and the capture cross section σ were extracted from the relaxation time of the transient current, with values of 9.77 × 10⁻¹³ cm³/s and 9.77 × 10⁻²⁰ cm³, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochromic supercapacitor electrodes based on viologen-derived cross-linked thin films","authors":"Sude Uluçay ,&nbsp;Neul Gyum Ha ,&nbsp;Arzu Kortun ,&nbsp;Sinem Altınışık ,&nbsp;Selin Pıravadılı ,&nbsp;Jin Han Kwon ,&nbsp;Hong Chul Moon ,&nbsp;Sermet Koyuncu","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viologens are an important class of materials in organic electrochromic technology due to their n-type semiconductor properties and the high color intensity in their radical cation state. Due to their charged structures, viologens are generally ideal molecules for gel-based organic electrochromic devices, but with specific modifications, they can also be employed in thin-film-based electrochromic devices (ECDs). In this study, crosslinking reactions of viologen-based molecules (ALV-X) with various allyl group-containing counterions were conducted on ITO/Glass surfaces in the presence of a tetra-thiol-based crosslinker. The surface roughness of the resulting films varied from 4.64 nm to 8.46 nm depending on the counterion exchange. Electrochemical characterizations of the prepared viologen-based crosslinked electrodes indicated that the LUMO energy levels ranged between −4.267 eV and −4.297 eV. Viologen-based cross-linked thin films with transmittance changes close to 30 % in the visible region, 50 % in the UV region and 20 % in the NIR region with specific capacitances of 0.25 mF cm⁻² have been found to be highly suitable materials, especially as cathodic layers in electrochromic/supercapacitor devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}