Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects最新文献

{"title":"Ag nanoparticles via PVP synthesis: Evidence of nanohydrogel formation, characterization, and review of nanomedicine applications","authors":"Nina Bogdanchikova ,&nbsp;Jorge Noé Díaz de León ,&nbsp;Mario Humberto Farías Sánchez ,&nbsp;Gustavo Alonso Hirata Flores ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Pastrana Corral ,&nbsp;Alexey Pestryakov ,&nbsp;Diana Garibo Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the characterization of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their applications in nanomedicine are discussed. Several reports in the literature mentioned that AgNPs (Argovit™) possess high biomedical activity, high stability, and low toxicity; however, the reasons for these properties are still unclear. Therefore, five lots of AgNPs prepared under various conditions were investigated via HRTEM, UV<img>visible spectroscopy, XPS, and luminescence techniques. The results revealed a series of experimental findings inconsistent with the current AgNP model reported, including a Ag core capped by PVP molecules. Here, we propose a novel structural model for AgNP formulations that is in good agreement with the physicochemical characterization, which consists of PVP nanohydrogels incorporating Ag cores and/or Ag cores capped by PVP molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101601"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and self-assembly behavior investigation of paclitaxel-riboflavin conjugates for targeted drug delivery to tumor cells","authors":"Dmitry V. Beigulenko ,&nbsp;Vladimir O. Orlov ,&nbsp;Ekaterina S. Kazakova ,&nbsp;Inna V. Zhezher ,&nbsp;Aleksander S. Peregudov ,&nbsp;Julia A. Malinovskaya ,&nbsp;Konstantin A. Kochetkov","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paclitaxel is one of the commonly used anticancer drugs, however it has two major drawbacks such as low solubility and selectivity towards tumor cells. A promising approach to mitigating these problems is the development of targeted paclitaxel delivery systems based on its conjugates, capable of self-assembly. Herein we present novel paclitaxel-riboflavin conjugates that form spherical nanoparticles, which can be simply prepared by nanoprecipitation technique. The nanostructures are characterized by narrow size distribution and colloidal stability. Such nanoparticles can be considered as potential delivery systems for paclitaxel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101588"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface plasmon resonance and optical enhancement field properties of single and dimers gold nanoparticles in the proximity a graphene structure","authors":"E. Farkouch ,&nbsp;A. Akouibaa ,&nbsp;R. Masrour ,&nbsp;M. Benhamou ,&nbsp;A. El Assyry","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with graphene (Gr) enables the development of hybrid materials with remarkable properties, offering new prospects for innovative applications across various scientific and technological fields. However, ongoing research still aims to optimize fabrication processes, stability, and performance of these plasmonic composites. A major challenge lies in understanding the influence of interactions between graphene and AuNPs on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In this work, we investigate, using the finite element method (FEM), the plasmonic and electronic properties of AuNP–Gr hybrid structures under different configurations. The intrinsic anisotropy of graphene’s two-dimensional structure allows for several geometries to be considered, including: an AuNP in the vicinity of a Gr sheet, an AuNP confined between two Gr sheets, a core–shell structure, and two coupled AuNPs near Gr sheets. For all these configurations, the SPR characteristics and near-field enhancement capabilities under electromagnetic excitation are analyzed and optimized. The results demonstrate great flexibility in controlling the plasmonic response of AuNP–Gr nanostructures. In particular, the spectral position of the SPR peak can be tuned by modifying the geometric configuration, while the amplitude of near-field enhancement is strongly influenced by the electromagnetic environment induced by Gr, promoting field confinement at the metal-Gr interfaces. Moreover, the orientation of the system relative to the direction and polarization of the incident field plays a decisive role in the excitation of plasmonic modes. These findings highlight the potential of AuNP–Gr nanohybrids for applications in plasmonic sensing, nanophotonics, and nonlinear optics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101617"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting effects of ultrasonic modification on the structure, luminescence, and biocompatibility of isostructural Terbium- and Erbium-based MOFs","authors":"Sandra Loera-Serna ,&nbsp;Diana L. Sanchéz-Moreno ,&nbsp;Rubén Ruiz-Ramos ,&nbsp;Efrain Garrido ,&nbsp;G. Alarcón-Flores ,&nbsp;Ismael Garduño-Wilches","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research details the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of two isostructural lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), Tb₂BDC₃ and Er₂BDC₃, prepared using a cost-effective room-temperature stirring method. Post-synthetic ultrasonic treatment (for 5, 10, and 15 min) was applied to modulate their physicochemical and functional properties. For the Tb₂BDC₃ MOF, PXRD confirmed structural integrity while crystal size was successfully reduced from 66.42 nm to as low as 37.96 nm. SEM confirmed the preserved needle-like morphology, and EDX verified stable elemental composition. This size reduction significantly enhanced its luminescent properties, more than doubling the quantum yield from 27.59 % to over 57 % (reaching 58.73 % with 5 min of sonication) alongside a significant increase in emission intensity and lifetime. In contrast, the initial Er₂BDC₃ material was synthesized as a metastable two-phase mixture. While sonication promoted a shift toward the stable QACTUJ phase, stability studies revealed that exposure to biological media included a complete structural transformation into a single, stable crystalline phase (PXRD). This reorganization was supported by FTIR evidence of phosphate incorporation and corresponding changes in the UV-Vis-NIR absorption profile. Biological compatibility assessments (Alamar Blue) demonstrated that neither MOF induced cytotoxicity or inhibited HaCaT cells proliferation at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. These multi-technique findings highlight the effectiveness of ultrasonic modification for tuning the optical properties of Ln-MOFs and underscore their robust stability and excellent biocompatibility, positioning them as promising candidates for a safe and effective platform in bio-imaging and sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101589"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic efficiency of nickel-doped copper ferrite in organic dye decomposition","authors":"Julia Mazurenko ,&nbsp;Larysa Kaykan ,&nbsp;Sijo A K ,&nbsp;Antoni Zywczak ,&nbsp;Mateusz Marzec ,&nbsp;Liliia Turovska ,&nbsp;Katarina Hreus","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-substituted copper ferrite nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a citrate–nitrate sol-gel autocombustion route and evaluated as photocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes. X-ray diffraction confirmed that all compositions crystallized into a cubic spinel structure (Fd3m), with crystallite sizes in the nanoscale range. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Fe^3 + ions were predominant and distributed across tetrahedral and octahedral sites, while Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ preferentially occupied octahedral positions. BET analysis revealed specific surface areas of 7–16 m²/g, with Cu-rich samples exhibiting higher porosity. Magnetic measurements confirmed magnetic behavior for all Cu_1-xNi_xFe₂O₄ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) samples, with saturation magnetization increasing from 28.7 emu g⁻¹ to 58.9 emu g⁻¹, ensuring efficient magnetic separation and reusability of the nanoparticles in photocatalytic applications. Optical studies demonstrated a systematic increase in the direct band gap energy from 1.80 eV for CuFe₂O₄ to 2.29 eV for NiFe₂O₄, correlating with decreased Urbach energies and suggesting improved structural order with Ni incorporation. Photocatalytic efficiency was investigated using Methylene Blue (MB), Congo Red (CR), and Malachite Green (MG) under visible light and H₂O₂. The maximum degradation rate was observed for Cu_0.8Ni_0.2Fe₂O₄ at pH 10 with k_L–H = 0.080 min⁻¹ and 99 % MB removal within 180 min, while CR degradation peaked at x = 0.4 (96 %) and MG at x ≥ 0.4 (k_L–H = 0.115 min⁻¹, ∼99 % removal). The catalysts maintained over 95 % activity after five reuse cycles, confirming excellent structural stability and magnetic recoverability. These findings demonstrate that Cu/Ni co-substitution effectively tunes the band structure, enhances redox activity, and enables sustainable photocatalytic performance for wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101603"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyalurosomes nanoformulation strategies for intra-articular and localized drug delivery: Transforming the management of osteoarthritis","authors":"Md. Azhar ,&nbsp;Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar ,&nbsp;Javedh Shareef ,&nbsp;Tarun Wadhwa ,&nbsp;Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi ,&nbsp;Rishabha Malviya","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that leads to impaired function and chronic pain in joints. Existing medications are symptomatic and have weak joint retention and may cause systemic drug side effects. This review discusses hyalurosomes, lipid vesicles combined with hyaluronic acid (HA), as potential future intra-articular (IA) delivery systems to provide improved targeting of cartilage, longer residence times, and the possibility of combination therapy in OA. The review is performed by a comprehensive search (cut-off: 25 August 2025) via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, publisher platforms (MDPI, Elsevier, SpringerLink), preprint servers, clinical trial registries, regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, CDSCO), patent databases (Google Patents, WIPO, USPTO), conference proceedings, and gray literature including manufacturer labels and SSEDs. The results show that hyalurosomes exhibit improved IA sustained release, lower systemic exposure, and enhanced cartilage penetration compared to standard liposomes and soluble drugs. Combining visco-supplementation with controlled pharmacotherapy, such as a dual-function design, offers potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic benefits, including analgesic and chondroprotective effects in preclinical models. However, the limited number of studies may lead to varied findings. The main challenges for clinical translation include scale-up feasibility, sterilization issues, and regulatory uncertainty. Hyalurosomes are a biologically rational delivery system that could help localize multimodal therapy and bring OA treatment closer to disease-modifying options. There is a need to address manufacturing, stability, and uniform preclinical criteria before clinical trials can be used to determine efficacy and facilitate global adoption. Future research should involve controlled animal studies, pharmacokinetics, and patient outcome-focused assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101605"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphase iron oxide submicrostructures derived from steel swarf: Synthesis and structural characterization","authors":"J. Muñoz-Calderon ,&nbsp;Y.A. Erazo-Josa ,&nbsp;D. Llamosa-Pérez ,&nbsp;D.F. Coral","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, iron oxide submicroparticles were synthesized via an alkaline co-precipitation method using steel waste (swarf) as a source of Fe²⁺ and Fe³ ⁺ precursors, containing minor impurities such as minor impurities such as Mn, Cu and Cr, following a circular economy approach. These residues are typically generated during steel pickling and polishing processes and are commonly discarded in landfills despite their high Fe content (&gt;60 wt%). Their recovery reduces environmental impact and supports waste valorization strategies. The as obtained particles were stabilized with citric acid or PEG-PPG-PEG surfactants and characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. XRF confirmed iron as the predominant component, with minor traces of Mn and Cr. Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns revealed a multiphase composition dominated by magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃), with a minor fraction of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃). Raman spectra were acquired using a sing a 785 nm excitation laser, optimized to minimize thermal and fluorescence effects. Gaussian deconvolution of A₁g, T₂g, and E_g modes enabled clear discrimination among the iron oxide phases. This work supports the sustainable valorization and recycling of steel waste as a precursor for magnetic submicroparticles materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101608"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the light extraction efficiency in micro light-emitting diodes integrating advanced nanophotonic structures","authors":"Monica N. Kalbande ,&nbsp;Tejaswini G. Panse ,&nbsp;Yashika A. Gaidhani ,&nbsp;Rupali S. Balpande ,&nbsp;Tejas R. Patil ,&nbsp;Yoginee S. Pethe ,&nbsp;Latika Pinjarkar ,&nbsp;Lowlesh N. Yadav ,&nbsp;Nischal Puri ,&nbsp;Aseel Smerat ,&nbsp;Vikrant S. Vairagade","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applications of high-efficiency micro- light-emitting diode (LED) displays are rapidly increasing to realize next-generation displays and augmented reality systems. However, the Light Extraction Efficiency (LEE) still lags in micro-LED arrays primarily due to inherent optical losses and total internal reflection as well as non-uniform angular emission. The current approaches, such as planar gradient-index (GRIN) structures and conventional metasurfaces, are indeed unable to yield uniform and scalable performance for dense LED configurations. This work addresses these limitations by the introduction of innovative nanophotonic structures toward maximizing LEE, uniformity, and brightness in micro-LED arrays. These proposed approaches are: (1) Topology-Optimized GRIN Metastructures, engineered using inverse design to mitigate Fresnel losses and total internal reflection, thus achieving 25–30 % efficiency improvement over planar GRIN systems; (2) Polarization-Tailored Hyperbolic Metamaterial Nanogratings, which increase directional emission by 2-fold and brightness by 30 %; (3) 3D Multi-Layer Metasurfaces integrated with quantum dots, in which peak emission intensity can be amplified by 3 times by adjusting their phases and amplitudes to optimal values; (4) Anti-reflective light-trapping coatings that suppress back-reflection up to 95 % and enhance extraction efficiency by 1.5 fold; and (5) Reconfigurable Nanostructures with Adaptive Quantum Dots capable of dynamically optimizing the light extraction for different conditions, thereby increasing efficiency up to 30–50 %. Together these methods improved LEE, spectral tunability, and angular brightness, validated by numerical simulations and preliminary experiments. These results show transformative impacts which provide scalable high-performance solutions for ultra-bright and energy-efficient micro-LED displays with new benchmarks for display technology innovation for different scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101585"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in microfluidics-enabled stimuli-responsive chitosan micro/nanoparticles for precision drug and biomolecule delivery","authors":"Ghobad Shafiei Sabet ,&nbsp;Aliakbar Ebrahimiverkiani ,&nbsp;Mehdi Rahmanian ,&nbsp;Seyed Morteza Naghib ,&nbsp;Navid Rabiee","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microfluidics technology, a burgeoning field capitalizing on the unique properties of fluids at micro and nanoliter scales, has emerged as a powerful tool. Its promise lies in reducing costs and time, and its applications span across biology, medicine, chemistry, engineering, and materials science. Among these domains, microfluidics has taken center stage in shaping the landscape of drug administration regulation, captivating the attention of researchers. Advancements in scientific knowledge have paved the way for remarkable improvements in drug delivery systems, enhancing the efficacy of treatments. However, the choice of materials remains pivotal. Polysaccharides like chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, and agarose have emerged as prime candidates for drug delivery systems. They possess attributes such as abundance in nature, high biocompatibility, affordability, and ease of modification, making them highly attractive to researchers. Chitosan exhibited promising properties as a carrier agent in drug delivery and it is one of the polymers with cationic properties, making it unique among other polymers. This cationic character based on primary amino groups is responsible for its various properties and subsequent use in drug delivery systems. This article focuses on chitosan among these polysaccharides. This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of microfluidics-assisted drug delivery systems using chitosan micro/nano particles for precision drug release. The primary objective is to provide an in-depth examination of recent research breakthroughs in the field, particularly emphasizing the design and development of high-performance delivery systems employing microfluidics-based stimuli-responsive chitosan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101599"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifying the structural and magnetic behavior of Mg-Ni doped cobalt nanoferrites","authors":"Y.S. Bopche ,&nbsp;D.S. Choudhary ,&nbsp;M.S. Bisen ,&nbsp;P.B. Wasnik ,&nbsp;A.V. Bagde ,&nbsp;A.M. Shahare ,&nbsp;R.M. Meshram ,&nbsp;U.B. Hatwar","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concurrent doping of Mg²⁺ and Ni²⁺ into cobalt ferrite (CF) with the stoichiometric formula Co_1-xNi_0.5xMg_0.5xFe₂O₄ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) was accomplished utilizing the spontaneous sol-gel method. Synthesized CF black powder was sintered at 700°C, and samples were examined for structural and magnetic properties using various techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and vibration sample magnetometry (VSM) were used to analyze samples at room temperature. XRD analysis showed clearly defined indexed peaks, indicating enhanced crystallinity and a polycrystalline nature of synthesized materials. Lattice constant and hopping lengths for all samples declined with Mg-Ni substitution, while the crystalline size increased from 21.41 nm to 41.74 nm. Dislocation density diminished as Mg-Ni content increased, resulting in enhanced crystallinity. FESEM micrographs revealed larger particle sizes and different agglomeration behavior, revealing a quasi-spherical morphology characteristic of ferrites produced by the sol-gel process. EDX confirmed the existence of diverse compositional ratios of doped (Ni, Mg) and Co, Fe, and O ions, validating the intended stoichiometric composition. The magnetic properties are significantly affected by the distribution of cations in their preferred locations and the magnetic and non-magnetic characteristics of doping elements. Improved magnetic features of sample x = 0.3 (Co_0.7Ni_0.15Mg_0.15Fe₂O₄) with small particle size have significant applications in various fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}