中国当代儿科杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Clinical study on low-dose rituximab maintenance therapy in children with primary nephrotic syndrome].","authors":"Wen-Ting Peng, Xiao-Zhong Li","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2409131","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2409131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose rituximab (RTX) (<375 mg/m²) maintenance therapy in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of PNS children who received low-dose RTX therapy at the Department of Renal Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University from July 2016 to March 2024. Remission rate, recurrence frequency, corticosteroid and tacrolimus usage, and adverse reactions before and after RTX treatment were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with before treatment, low-dose RTX maintained remission in PNS, reduced the relapse frequency, and decreased the dosage of corticosteroids and tacrolimus (<i>P</i><0.05). IgG levels did not significantly decrease, and no additional preventive anti-infective treatment was required.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low-dose RTX therapy is effective and safe for treating PNS in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"982-988"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of hyperoxia on the expression of hippocampal N-methyl D-aspartate receptor 1 and its synapse-associated molecules in neonatal rats].","authors":"Yi Xiong, Lin Cheng, Na Jiang, Tuan-Mei Wang, Tao Bo","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2501086","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2501086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of hyperoxia on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1) and its synapse-associated molecules, including cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95), and synapsin (SYN), in the hippocampus of neonatal rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly divided into a hyperoxia group and a control group (<i>n</i>=8 per group). The hyperoxia group was exposed to 80% ± 5% oxygen continuously, while the control group was exposed to room air, for 7 days. At 1, 3, and 7 days after hyperoxia exposure, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the brain. The expression levels of NMDAR1, CB1R, PSD95, and SYN proteins and mRNAs in the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 7 days of hyperoxia exposure, the hyperoxia group showed decreased neuronal density and disordered arrangement in brain tissue. Compared with the control group, after 1 day of hyperoxia exposure, CB1R mRNA and both NMDAR1 and CB1R protein expression in the hyperoxia group were significantly downregulated, while SYN protein expression was significantly upregulated (<i>P</i><0.05). After 3 days, mRNA expression of NMDAR1, CB1R, and SYN was significantly decreased (<i>P</i><0.05); NMDAR1 and CB1R protein expression was significantly downregulated (<i>P</i><0.05), while PSD95 and SYN protein expression was significantly upregulated (<i>P</i><0.05). After 7 days of hyperoxia, the protein expression of NMDAR1 and CB1R was significantly upregulated (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Continuous hyperoxia exposure induces time-dependent changes in the expression levels of NMDAR1 and its synapse-associated molecules in the hippocampus of neonatal rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"1002-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth assessment in children with phenylketonuria.","authors":"Basma Adel Ibrahim, Wasnaa Hadi Abdullah, Nabeeha Najatee Akram","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2501076","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2501076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the growth parameters of children with phenylketonuria and assess the impact of a phenylalanine-restricted diet on their physical development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 39 children diagnosed with phenylketonuria through newborn screening at the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Data were collected during scheduled monthly check-ups, including phenylalanine levels, diet compliance, and anthropometric measurements. The children were divided into two groups based on their phenylalanine levels during the 3-year follow-up period: well-controlled group (average phenylalanine level of less than 360 μmol/L, with no single reading exceeding 600 μmol/L; <i>n</i>=14) and poorly-controlled group (one or more phenylalanine readings above 600 μmol/L during the follow-up period; <i>n</i>=25).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean height readings for all time points (at birth and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 36 months of age) were higher in the well-controlled group than the poorly-controlled group, however, only at 3 months of age the difference was statistically significant. Height Z-scores revealed a clearer pattern: although the poorly-controlled group had higher height Z-scores at birth (<i>P</i>=0.001), the well-controlled group showed significantly higher height Z-scores at 3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 24, and 36 months (<i>P</i><0.05). The well-controlled group exhibited significantly higher mean weight measurements compared to the poorly-controlled group at 3, 6, 9, 15, 18 months and 21 months (<i>P</i><0.05). From 6 to 36 months, the well-controlled group consistently had significantly higher weight Z-scores than the poorly-controlled group (<i>P</i><0.05). The well-controlled group showed more favorable height and weight Z-score distributions at 36 months of age compared to the poorly-controlled group, but the differences were not statistically significant (<i>P</i>>0.05). Both groups had height and weight Z-scores within the normal range at 36 months of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The children with phenylketonuria who receive good dietary control show better improvements in growth parameters compared to those with poor dietary control, however, both groups maintain height and weight Z-scores within the normal range, indicating generally adequate physical development across the cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"908-916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and immunological features for early differentiation between primary immune thrombocytopenia and connective tissue disease in children].","authors":"Fu-Rong Kang, Mei Yan, Ying-Bin Yue, Hailiguli Nuriddin, Yong-Feng Cheng, Yu Liu","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411121","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the clinical and immunological features of children with primary immune thrombocytopenia (pITP) or connective tissue disease (CTD) with thrombocytopenia as the initial manifestation at initial diagnosis, and to provide a basis for early differentiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was performed on 236 children with pITP (pITP group) or CTD with thrombocytopenia as the initial manifestation (CTD-TP group) who were admitted from January 2019 to August 2024. Clinical and immunological indicators were compared between the two groups to identify potential influencing factors for early differentiation and their discriminative validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the pITP group, the CTD-TP group had a significantly older age of onset and significantly lower leukocyte count, eosinophil count, lymphocyte count, and complement C4 level (<i>P</i><0.05), as well as significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein, IgE, and IgM (<i>P</i><0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that age, IgE, IgM, total B cells, and complement C4 were predictive factors for early differentiation between pITP and CTD-TP (<i>P</i><0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a combination of these five factors had a good discriminative validity, with an area under the curve of 0.944. The correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between IgG and platelet count in the pITP group (<i>r_s</i>=-0.363, <i>P</i><0.05) and a positive correlation between NK cells and platelet count in the CTD-TP group (<i>r_s</i>=0.713, <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is heterogeneity in the clinical and immunological indicators between children with pITP and CTD-TP at initial diagnosis, and these research findings can help with the early differentiation between the two diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"974-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[46,XY disorder of sex development caused by <i>PPP1R12A</i> gene variants: a case report].","authors":"Wei Su, Zhe Su, Jing-Yu You, Hui-Ping Su, Li-Li Pan, Shu-Min Fan, Jian-Chun Yin","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503003","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The patient was a boy aged 1 year and 9 months who presented with 46,XY disorder of sex development (DSD), with severe undermasculinization of the external genitalia. Laboratory tests and ultrasound examinations showed normal functions of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in the testes. Genetic testing revealed a novel pathogenic heterozygous variant, c.1186dupA (p.T396Nfs*17), in the <i>PPP1R12A</i> gene. Thirteen cases of <i>PPP1R12A</i> gene variants have been reported previously. These variants may cause isolated involvement of the genitourinary or neurological systems, or affect other systems/organs including the digestive tract, eyes, heart, etc. Patients with DSD typically present with a 46,XY karyotype and variable degrees of undermasculinization involving the external genitalia, gonads, and reproductive tract. This article reports a child with 46,XY DSD accompanied by growth retardation caused by a heterozygous variant in the <i>PPP1R12A</i> gene, which expands the clinical disease spectrum associated with <i>PPP1R12A</i> gene variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"1017-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of a quality control indicator system for neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases in obstetric settings].","authors":"Hui Li, Jin Zhang, Dan-Feng Cao","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2412118","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2412118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop a quality control indicator system for neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases in obstetric settings, so as to provide a standardized tool for quality control in clinical neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From March to May 2024, a literature review combined with expert clinical experience was conducted to develop a preliminary questionnaire on quality control indicators for neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases. The final indicator system was established after two rounds of the Delphi method, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine indicator weights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen questionnaires were distributed in each of the two consultation rounds, with a valid response rate of 100% for both. The expert authority coefficients were 0.863 and 0.876, respectively. Kendall's coefficient of concordance for the importance and feasibility of the indicators ranged from 0.091 to 0.125. The final indicator system comprised 3 primary indicators, 8 secondary indicators, and 28 tertiary indicators for neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases in obstetric settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The quality control indicator system developed using the Delphi method demonstrates a strong systematic structure, high clinical adaptability, and strong operability, and can be effectively applied to quality control in neonatal screening of inherited metabolic diseases in obstetric settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"994-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical features and immunotherapy for children with loss-of-function/gain-of-function mutations in the <i>STAT</i> gene: an analysis of 10 cases].","authors":"Hong-Wei Li, Yan-Hong Wang, Shang-Zhi Wu, Bi-Yun Zhang, Shi-Hui Xu, Jia-Xing Xu, Zhan-Hang Huang, Cheng-Yu Lu, De-Hui Chen","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2502011","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2502011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the clinical features of children with <i>STAT</i> gene mutations, and to explore corresponding immunotherapy strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 10 children with <i>STAT</i> gene mutations who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, from October 2015 to October 2024. Exploratory immunotherapy was implemented in some refractory cases, and the changes in symptoms, imaging manifestations, and cytokine levels were assessed after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the 10 children, the main clinical manifestations were recurrent rash since birth (7/10), cough (8/10), wheezing (5/10), expectoration (4/10), and purulent nasal discharge (4/10). Genotyping results showed that there was one child with heterozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutation in the <i>STAT1</i> gene, four children with heterozygous LOF mutation in the <i>STAT3</i> gene, and five children with heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutation in the <i>STAT3</i> gene. Two children with LOF mutation in the <i>STAT3</i> gene showed decreased interleukin-6 levels and improved clinical symptoms and imaging findings after omalizumab treatment. Three children with GOF mutation in the <i>STAT3</i> gene achieved effective disease control after treatment with methylprednisolone (0.5 mg/kg per day). Two children with GOF mutation in the <i>STAT3</i> gene received treatment with JAK inhibitor and then showed some improvement in symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>STAT</i> gene mutation screening should be considered for children with recurrent rash and purulent respiratory tract infections. Targeted immunotherapy may improve prognosis in patients with no response to conventional treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"951-958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in the treatment of glycogen storage disease-associated inflammatory bowel disease].","authors":"Dan-Xia Liang, Hao-Tian Wu, Jing Yang, Min Yang","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411030","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in patients with glycogen storage disease (GSD)-associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 25 patients with GSD-associated IBD who received empagliflozin treatment. General data, details of empagliflozin use, and adverse events were collected. Clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters before and after empagliflozin therapy were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five patients with GSD-associated IBD were included, with a median age at diagnosis of 0.7 years, and a mean age at initiation of empagliflozin therapy of (11 ± 6) years. The initial dose of empagliflozin was (0.30 ± 0.13) mg/(kg·d), with a maintenance dose of (0.40 ± 0.21) mg/(kg·d), and a treatment duration of (34 ± 6) months. Seventy-eight percent (18/23) of patients' parents reported that empagliflozin therapy reduced the frequency of infections and oral ulcers, and increased neutrophil counts. Clinically, the number of patients with anorexia decreased from 12 to 5 after treatment, and 30% showed improved appetite (<i>P</i><0.05). The numbers of patients with diarrhea, mucus/bloody stools, perianal disease, and oral ulcers decreased from 19, 9, 11, and 21 before treatment to 7, 1, 0, and 10 after treatment, respectively (<i>P</i><0.05). Laboratory findings showed that absolute neutrophil counts increased, while platelet counts, lactate, and uric acid levels decreased significantly after empagliflozin treatment (<i>P</i><0.05). Adverse reactions occurred in 7 patients (28%) during empagliflozin treatment. Two cases occurred in the treatment initiation phase, presenting as hypotension or profuse sweating with dehydration, along with urinary tract infections (UTIs); empagliflozin was discontinued in both cases. During the maintenance phase, 3 cases of UTIs and 2 cases of hypoglycemia (one with profuse sweating) were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Empagliflozin therapy can increase neutrophil counts, reduce the incidence of infections and oral ulcers, alleviate diarrhea and abdominal pain, improve appetite, and ameliorate platelet count, lactate, and uric acid levels in patients with GSD-associated IBD, demonstrating significant clinical benefit. UTIs, hypoglycemia, hypotension, profuse sweating, and dehydration may be potential adverse reactions associated with empagliflozin therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"929-935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Value of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in evaluating the severity and prognosis of pediatric viral encephalitis].","authors":"Yan-Yan Liu, Hong-Yang Zhao","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2502121","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2502121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the value of peripheral blood monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in evaluating the severity and prognosis of pediatric viral encephalitis (VE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 268 children with VE who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Zhucheng People's Hospital, from February 2020 to September 2024. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, the children were divided into critical group (109 children; GCS score ≤8) and non-critical group (159 children; GCS score >8). According to the results of Glasgow Outcome Scale after follow-up for six months, the children were divided into poor prognosis group (84 children; grade 1-3) and good prognosis group (184 children; grade 4-5). The influencing factors for disease severity and prognosis were analyzed, and the value of peripheral blood MLR and NLR in predicting disease severity and prognosis was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high neutrophil (NEU) count, high MLR, high NLR, and low lymphocyte (LYM) count were closely associated with the critical condition and poor prognosis in children with VE (<i>P</i><0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that MLR and NLR had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.772 and 0.883, respectively, for predicting critical illness in children with VE (<i>P</i><0.05), as well as an AUC of 0.715 and 0.930, respectively, for predicting poor prognosis (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Peripheral blood MLR and NLR are associated with critical condition and poor prognosis and can be used as biomarkers for assessing the disease severity and prognosis in children with VE on admission.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"968-973"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis and prediction of the disease burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021].","authors":"Ru Jia, Fei Han","doi":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411122","DOIUrl":"10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the disease burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children and adolescents in China and to predict future trends, in order to provide evidence for disease control strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), joinpoint regression and prediction models were constructed to analyze and forecast the trends in ADHD burden indicators among Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates of ADHD among children and adolescents in China increased by 41.46%, 21.44%, and 21.75%, respectively, compared to 1990. From 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of ADHD showed an overall upward trend across sex and age groups, with a heavier burden among males. The highest incidence was observed in children aged 5-9 years, while the highest prevalence and DALY rates were found in those aged 10-14 years. By 2031, the incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates of ADHD among Chinese children and adolescents are projected to reach 324.88 per 100 000, 3 762.36 per 100 000, and 45.85 per 100 000, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates of ADHD among children and adolescents in China have all increased, suggesting that more proactive prevention and intervention measures may be needed to alleviate the disease burden of ADHD in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":39792,"journal":{"name":"中国当代儿科杂志","volume":"27 8","pages":"959-967"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}