Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica最新文献

{"title":"[Health control beliefs and chronic illness:how do they relate?]","authors":"Laszlo Pogany,&nbsp;Judit Lazary","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The health locus of control has been extensively analyzed in diff erent patient populations suff ering from chronic somatic illnesses due to its infl uence on adherence to long-term therapies. Despite of the fact that adherence is one of the most important factors which needs to be taken into consideration in the oupatient care of psychiatric patients, there is a scarcity of studies regarding HLOC in this population. In this review we provide an overview of study results regarding HLOC in somatic and psychiatric patients. Based on these results we conclude that in the case of patients suff ering from chronic illnesses, a higher internal HLOC is associated with less severe depressive symptoms and better adherence and quality of life. Nevertheless, the results of the follow-up studies indicate that change of HLOC (from internal to external) can be adaptive when the outcome is not favourable or the treatment is not eff ective. The continuous evaluation of HLOC of psychiatric patients in treatment may provide necessary information for the planning of interventions to help this process. Taking into consideration that the patients' perception of control is often impaired due to the nature of psychiatric illnesses we propose evaluation of psychobiological factors infl uencing health locus of control in order to facilitate the planning of these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"22 2","pages":"48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38168748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Inhibition of the Serotonin Transporter in the Treatment of Depression: Sertraline, Fluoxetine and Citalopram.","authors":"Zsombor Szoke-Kovacs,&nbsp;Csaba More,&nbsp;Rita Szoke-Kovacs,&nbsp;Endre Mathe,&nbsp;Ede Frecska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discovery and development of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors mark a milestone in neuropharmacology. Drugs from this class alter the functioning of the serotonin system by the potentiation of serotonin through the negative allosteric modulation of its neuronal uptake by the human serotonin transporter. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors show few side effects compared to those caused by traditional antidepressants and they vary in the binding interactions formed during binding. Generally, their binding involves three specific regions of the drug structures, each participating in vital interactions, such as salt bridge formation and additional hydrophobic interactions with conserved residues in the central binding site of the target protein. Side effects, however, such as the initial lack of response to treatment, or drowsiness, nausea, and sexual dysfunction occasionally may arise. Additional binding studies, furthermore, highlighted the importance of enantioselectivity in the binding of these compounds, raising concerns about the beneficial application of racemate mixtures of some of these compounds. Therefore, additional characterisation of binding and further structural improvement of this class of drugs is necessary. The recently synthesized sertraline salts, and functional derivatives of fluoxetine and citalopram show promising results in delivering antidepressant activity as well as in effectively overcoming anorexigenic side-effects in rodent models. Hence, despite certain non-desired effects associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor applications, this class of drugs is considered as first-line medication in the management of major depression, and is carrying an excellent potential for the development and refinement of the currently available and novel antidepressant therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"22 1","pages":"4-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37868196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating and managing the changing methodological parameters of self-report surveys of addictive behavior - based on the waves of the National Survey on Addiction Problems in Hungary (NSAPH) in 2007 and 2015.","authors":"Borbala Paksi,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics,&nbsp;Mark D Griffiths,&nbsp;Anna Magi,&nbsp;Katalin Felvinczi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standard nature of the procedures and tools of sampling and data collection cannot guarantee the stability of data reliability and validity because non-sampling errors are highly sensitive to social conditions. The present study provides a post-hoc attempt to estimate and manage the changing methodological parameters of self-report surveys of addictive behaviours (being highly subjected to changes in social conditions) to make data interpretation easier. The analysis is based on the data of two national Hungarian representative surveys assessing addiction problems in 2007 and 2015 (National Survey on Addiction Problems in Hungary [NSAPH]). Both surveys were conducted using a Hungarian nationwide representative sample aged 18-64 years applying similar procedures in data collection and -processing. Regarding data concerning substance use, both surveys included variables to estimate non-sampling errors in line with current international practices. The methodological parameters of NSAPH2015 showed an increase in non-sampling errors regarding substance use behaviour compared to NSAPH2007. The present paper elaborates an estimation procedure based on the assumption that when following a population, the proportion of people who have ever engaged in a specific type of addictive behaviour cannot be reduced in the given population over time. This also applies to cohorts followed by cross-sectional surveys among national representative samples, as far as lifetime prevalence and data on the age of first use/activity is available. To identify valid trends in different behaviours in epidemiological research assessing addictive behaviours or other sensitive data, researchers should provide the required conditions for controlling or correcting data by cohort analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"22 1","pages":"29-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37868544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of sunshine duration and ambient temperature on suicides in Hungary.","authors":"Karoly Bozsonyi,&nbsp;David Lester,&nbsp;Andrea Fulop,&nbsp;Tamas Zonda,&nbsp;Lajos Balint","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A couple of studies suggest that sunshine duration and ambient temperature contribute to suicide. Few studies have happened in East-Central European area.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We scrutinized the daily suicide rates and other measured meteorological parameters spanning from 1971 to 2013 in the region of Hungary exhibiting the highest suicide rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The meteorological parameters measured in the area signified the independent variables of the statistical model, while the observed suicide rate connoted the dependent variable. Dynamic Regression, a time series analytical method was employed for creating the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three meteorological parameters displayed a weak, yet statistically significant relationship with suicide rates. 1/ Daily sunshine duration has shown an immediate, significant positive correlation, 2/ daily changes in temperature at ground level also exhibited a significant relationship, albeit it followed a complex transient profile overarching three days. Tropopause height was also significant in the model: an immediate positive effect was followed by a negative effect six days later.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We estimated consistent and immediate positive associations between daily suicide and daily change of elevated ambient temperature and duration of sunshine in a high rated area of Hungary.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"22 1","pages":"23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37868199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of antipsychotic prescription data and attendance of patients with schizophrenia in the Hungarian health system].","authors":"Zoltan Makkos,&nbsp;Tamas Kovats,&nbsp;Peter Gaal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regular care and sustained pharmacotherapy are inevitable for people who suffer from schizophrenia in order to attain an acceptable level of quality of life. The National Health Care Service Center (Állami Egészségügyi Ellátó Központ) has a health care utilization database in which individuals can be identified with a specific number, but anonymously (pseudo-TAJ), and their patient pathways can be retraced. We analyzed the health service utilization of patients with schizophrenia in the inpatient and outpatient care and the patterns of prescription and drug dispensing. The results show that in a given year, 30-35% of patients with schizophrenia do not reach the provision system and do not get adequate (\"lege artis\") therapy. Data concerning the prescription of antipsychotics show that psychiatrists working in Hungary prefer modern medicinal therapies in accordance with the domestic and international pharmacotherapeutic guidelines. These findings suggest that proper clinical care is provided to those patients with schizophrenia and with psychosis in general, who remain in the care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 4","pages":"164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37607863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pharmacological treatment and health control beliefs from the perspective of psychiatric patients: differences in attitudes].","authors":"Laszlo Pogany,&nbsp;Judit Lazary","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients' attitudes towards psychiatric treatment have an important influence on therapeutic outcome. Health beliefs and the patient's attitude towards the psychiatrist and medical treatment are determined by several factors about which there is only a scarce knowledge. In our study we used the Patient's Health Belief Questionnaire on Psychiatric Treatment, PHBQPT) to assess the beliefs and attitudes of patients suffering from psychiatric disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 115 inpatients from the Nyírő Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions. Patients were categorized into 5 classes based on ICD-10 (addictions-F1x; psychotic disorders-F2x; affective disorders-F3x; anxiety disorders-F4x; and personality disorders-F6x). Subjects voluntarily and anonymously completed the PHBQPT questionnaire and answered 4 additional items regarding their opinion about the efficacy of drugs and the placebo effect. We compared the scores of the items and the total scores of subscales of the PHBQPT scale between disorder categories using ANOVA tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total scores did not diff er significantly in our sample compared to those in the publication of the original version of the PHBQPT scale. The most robust diff erences were found between patients with addictions and psychotic patients on the external and internal control subscales. F1x subgroup could also be distinguished from other psychiatric disorders on certain health belief related items. However, patients with personality disorder and affective disorder felt that the efficacy of medications in general was the weakest. The impression that in the drug effect is individually modified in case of a given patient was more frequent in the F1x and F2x groups and rare in the group of subjects with anxiety disorders and personality disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Hungarian version of the PHBQPT can be used in case of Hungarian psychiatric patients; the similarity shown by the results points at the fact that attitude towards treatment is independent of cultural and healthcare system diff erences. Our results highlight that there are variances between different psychiatric disorders in health belief and attitude towards drug treatment. Our study emphasizes the importance of thorough assessment of patients' attitude that is necessary to conceive an effective adherence improving intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 4","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37607864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Investigation of the acute effect of bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in therapy resistant major depression patients].","authors":"Monika Elemery,&nbsp;Szilvia Kiss,&nbsp;Peter Dome,&nbsp;Laszlo Tombor,&nbsp;Gabor Faludi,&nbsp;Judit Lazary","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a 20-year history of rTMS treatment, however, is not available in Hungary in routine clinical practice for therapy resistant depression (TRD). In this study we analysed the change of symptom profile of a Hungarian cohort with TRD using bilateral rTMS treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 22 patients suffering from TRD was enrolled in the study. For assessment of the phenotypic profile the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Trail Making Test were applied. Differences of mean scores of scales were compared between the day 1 (before treatment) and the day 14 (after conclusion of treatment). Furthermore, we performed phenotypic comparisons between the gender subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the total sample significant reduction of symptom scores was found on the depression (pMADRS=0,022; pBDI=0,001) and the anxiety scales (pBAI=0,020) and in case of the TMT-A test (pTMT-A=0,019) at the end of the treatment. The mean scores of the SHAPS, the ISI and the TMT-B did not change up to the day 14. In the sex-specific analysis we found that in men only sleep disorder was improved (p=0,015), while in women both depression scores and TMT-A score decreased significantly (MADRSp=0,015; BDIp=0,005; TMT-Ap=0,036). There were no adverse events during the rTMS treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>2x5 sessions of bilateral rTMS treatment is an effective, safety applicable intervention in patients with TRD. Our results suggest that significant improvement of depressive, anxious and attention symptoms can be observed already after 10th session. Our findings highlighted that different symptoms evolve in women and men due to the acute effect of the rTMS treatment. Further follow-up study is required to evaluate the long-term effect of rTMS concerning the maintenance of symptom reduction and potential change of anhedonia and insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 4","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37607865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dimensions of mentalization in psychotic disorders].","authors":"Kata Fekete,&nbsp;Edina Torok,&nbsp;Oguz Kelemen,&nbsp;Zoltan Makkos,&nbsp;Katalin Csigo,&nbsp;Szabolcs Keri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical assessment of mentalization became one of the most important issues in clinical psychology and psychiatry. Despite extensive research efforts, the exact definition, classification, and evaluation of mentalization is unresolved, especially in psychotic disorders. The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor structure of the Mentalization Questionnaire. In addition, we investigated the relationship between the dimensions of mentalization and the positive, negative, and general symptoms of psychotic disorders, as well as potential associations with antipsychotic medications. We recruited two independent samples: the first consisted of 94 individuals (schizophrenia, n=63; schizoaffective disorder, n=21; psychotic bipolar disorder, n=10), and the second included 75 patients (schizophrenia, n=60; schizoaffective disorder, n=10; psychotic bipolar disorder, n=5). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed four dimensions in both samples: self-reflection, emotional awareness, psychic equivalence, and affective regulation. The two samples did not differ in Mentalization Questionnaire scores. The severity of negative symptoms significantly correlated with weak self-reflection. The dose of first- and second-generation antipsychotics was not associated with mentalization. In summary, the questionnaire is suitable for the measurement of mentalization in psychotic disorders. Mentalization is not a unitary phenomenon: its four psychometric components were differentially associated with clinical symptoms, but not with antipsychotic medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 1","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37133031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Significance of the endocannabinoid system in migraine].","authors":"Kinga Gecse,&nbsp;Gyorgy Bagdy,&nbsp;Gabriella Juhasz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the traditional pain-relieving effect of Cannabis species an endogenous cannabinoidlike system was discovered in the human body. Endocannabinoids have important role in the homeostasis of the body, such as stress response and mood control, feeding behaviour, energy balance and metabolism, immunological processes, and also play important role in controlling pain processing. Previous studies suggested that an endokannabinoid dysfunction, namely endokannabinoid deficit, might contribute to the development of migraine and its chronification. Although, the exact nature of the relationship between migraine and endokannabinoid system is not fully understood yet, in this brief review we summarise research results suggesting that the endokannabinoid system may be a potential drug target in the migraine therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37133032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic changes following chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a review of animal studies.","authors":"Sahel Kumar,&nbsp;Zsofia Gal,&nbsp;Xenia Gonda,&nbsp;Robin J Huse,&nbsp;Gabriella Juhasz,&nbsp;Gyorgy Bagdy,&nbsp;Peter Petschner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review focuses on transcriptomic changes following treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. We aimed to overview results of the most established methods for the investigation of the gene expression alterations including northern blotting, in situ hybridization, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), microarray and RNAseq in various brain regions and after chronic treatment protocols. In spite of some measurable changes in serotonin system mRNA expression, serotonin transporter levels remained mostly unaltered following various treatment protocols. In contrast, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 appeared to be downregulated in serotonergic nuclei, and upregulated in the midbrain regions. Alterations in serotonin receptors lack clear conclusions and changes probably reflect animal strain/substance related- and brain region dependent effects. Brain derived neurotrophic factor was upregulated following many, but not all chronic treatment regimens. GABA and glutamate genes also showed heterogeneous changes, with a surprising NMDA receptor downregulation in areas including the striatum and amygdala, known to be involved in depressive states and stress reactions. The review of the above studies suggests alterations in multiple processes, reflecting the heterogeneity of the action depending on brain area and type of SSRI, and raises the possibility of a novel grouping of antidepressant medications based on their chronic molecular profile rather than on their initial actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 1","pages":"26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37133034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}