Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica最新文献_第9页

[Anxiety and depression - the role of blood-brain barrier integrity]. [焦虑和抑郁-血脑屏障完整性的作用]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2019-03-01

Zsofia Gal, Robin J Huse, Xenia Gonda, Sahel Kumar, Gabriella Juhasz, Gyorgy Bagdy, Peter Petschner

{"title":"[Anxiety and depression - the role of blood-brain barrier integrity].","authors":"Zsofia Gal, Robin J Huse, Xenia Gonda, Sahel Kumar, Gabriella Juhasz, Gyorgy Bagdy, Peter Petschner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Among mental illnesses, anxiety disorders represent the second most frequent disorder. According to WHO Survey 2017, 264 million people suffer from their different types globally. The emergence of anxiety disorders can often increase the likelihood of developing other psychiatric illnesses such as depression, which is the most common mental illness with 300 million people affected worldwide. Although the two diseases mentioned above are widespread throughout the world, the exact physiological causes of their development and the way they are connected are not well understood. However, in order to be able to use right treatment it would be important to know the physiological background in their development. The use of anxiolytics and antidepressants is not always effective and safe, which may be due to the subtypes of these mental disorders with different etiologies. Identifying the right therapeutic strategies could be also challenging because of the phenotypic overlap between anxiety disorders and depression. Their comorbidity has been confirmed by many studies, but their exact physiological relationship is still unclear. Previous studies suggested that blood-brain barrier proteins play an important role in the development of depression and anxiety disorders and might partially explain their comorbidities. In our summary we review the current literature related to this topic.","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"21 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37133033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The association between the serotonin receptor family and depression]. [血清素受体家族与抑郁症之间的关系]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-12-01

Gyorgy Szekeres

引用次数: 0

[Effect of placebo response on results of antidepressant clinical trials]. [安慰剂反应对抗抑郁药物临床试验结果的影响]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-12-01

Laszlo Pogany

{"title":"[Effect of placebo response on results of antidepressant clinical trials].","authors":"Laszlo Pogany","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Provocative data have been published regarding the results of clinical trials executed in order to assess the efficacy of antidepressants (AD) during the past years. Beside the continuously increasing placebo response the efficacy of ADs could not be differentiated from the effect of placebo in more than half of the studies. Several factors have been identified in the background of this phenomenon, researchers have proposed numerous possible solutions for this issue, including systematic re-evaluation of data, reconsideration of tools used for assessment of efficacy, of study design and of statistical methods. Multiple different possible interpretations, problem definitions and explication models can be found in the literature providing an overview which can be useful for clinicians and researchers as well. The following review summarizes the data and results which help in drawing a more detailed picture about the relationship between AD and placebo effect. The way this specific problem is addressed points beyond the actual topic, as it challenges the dilemmas of evidence-based medicine. As a conclusion it can be stated that despite the fact that the degree and relevance of placebo effect is the subject of continuous debate, the use of placebo is still unavoidable in clinical trials and deepening the knowledge on this topic is required.","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"20 4","pages":"140-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36984510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Highlights of peripheral biomarkers in major depressive disorder: focus on HPA-axis, inflammation and neurotrophic factors]. [重性抑郁症外周生物标志物的亮点:关注hpa轴，炎症和神经营养因子]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-12-01

Judit Lazary

引用次数: 0

[The continuum hypothesis of eating disorders, the evolution of a model from 1970's to the present]. [饮食失调的连续假设，从20世纪70年代到现在的模型演变]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-12-01

Ildiko Abraham

引用次数: 0

[Psychological disorders and tumorous diseases]. [心理障碍和肿瘤疾病]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-09-01

Judit Lazary

引用次数: 0

[The role of positron emission tomography (PET) in tumor diagnostics and therapy monitoring]. [正电子发射断层扫描(PET)在肿瘤诊断和治疗监测中的作用]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-09-01

Kornelia Kajary, Sarolta Szekeres, Mate Lazar, Andrea Nemeth, Hajna Galgoczy, Peter Molnar, Zsolt Lengyel

{"title":"[The role of positron emission tomography (PET) in tumor diagnostics and therapy monitoring].","authors":"Kornelia Kajary, Sarolta Szekeres, Mate Lazar, Andrea Nemeth, Hajna Galgoczy, Peter Molnar, Zsolt Lengyel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging method belonging to the realm of nuclear medicine. It has been a clinical research tool since the sixties but during the late nineties it became widely utilized in clinical practice too. PET technique requires special radioactive isotopes, which may be generated only in particle accelerators (cyclotrons) and their transport is limited owing to the short physical half-life. PET/CT was born from the combination of PET and CT (computer tomography). The first combined PET/CT scanner began to operate in 1998 and the method has been used in clinical practice since 2001. It is a hybrid (multi-modality) medical imaging equipment which can provide anatomical, morphologic (CT) and functional, metabolic information (PET) simultaneously. PET/CT imaging has gained clinical acceptance mainly in oncology - owing to the attributes of the most frequently used PET tracer, fluoro-deoxy glucose (FDG) - and in a lesser extent in neuropsychiatry and cardiology. The authors in this paper review the basics and key indications of the method, the wider used radiofarmacons, including potential neurological and psychiatric applications, and the possible causes of false positivity and false negativity.","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"20 3","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36700857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Chemobrain]. [Chemobrain]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-09-01

Gyongyver Szentmartoni, Zoltan Makkos, Magdolna Dank

{"title":"[Chemobrain].","authors":"Gyongyver Szentmartoni, Zoltan Makkos, Magdolna Dank","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past ten years, in oncology there is an increased interest in understanding the cognitive dysfunction caused by chemotherapy also known as chemobrain or chemofog. As a result of oncological therapies the number of survivors of malignant diseases has increased considerably, but the side effects also appear to be more prevalent and severe including persistent cognitive symptoms. Symptoms of chemobrain include memory impairment, loss of concentration, speech and psychomotor deceleration, attention and learning coordination problems, and disturbance of executive functions. The symptoms may be transient but are often long-lasting, the latter negatively affecting functionality and quality of life. Structural and functional imaging studies (MRI, fMRI, PET) and neuropsychological tests are not consistent in the diagnosis of chemobrain. Several factors are suspected leading to the appearance of symptoms, but the specific patomechanism is not yet known. Nutrition status, age, anemia, inflammatory cytokines, stress, and depression can all affect the quality of life and may be related to cognitive symptoms. Currently, there is no treatment strategy for preventing or alleviating cognitive impairement related to chemobrain, and several pharmacotherapies are under investigation. Results imply that understanding the patomechanism of chemobrain can also yield a deeper understanding of cognitive dysfunction associated with depression.","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"20 3","pages":"112-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36700859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Effect of antidepressants in comorbid oncological and depressed patients]. [抗抑郁药对共病肿瘤和抑郁症患者的影响]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-09-01

Gabor Kovacs, Laszlo Peter

{"title":"[Effect of antidepressants in comorbid oncological and depressed patients].","authors":"Gabor Kovacs, Laszlo Peter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"When facing comorbidity, effects of medicating one disorder on the other disease is a key question for the clinician. As depression influences both development and outcome of oncological diseases, early diagnosis and therapy, primarily with antidepressants, is of paramount importance. This paper gives a survey on the effects of antidepressants on comorbid mood disorders, on the course of cancerous diseases and on the tumor itself. Response to therapy is similar for patients with comorbid and primary depression, just as there is no significant difference in tolerability. Early studies have shown that antidepressants increase the risk of tumor development, have negative effects on the outcome of oncological diseases and even increase mortality. However, recent epidemiological and clinical studies show opposing results and demonstrate beneficial action of antidepressants on various oncological diseases such as glióma and hepatocellular cancer. Like any drug, antidepressants have effects not only on targets in the brain but also on other organs, hence on tumor tissues as well. Latest preclinical studies demonstrate that certain antidepressants facilitate apoptosis, autophagy of tumor cells and potentiate the efficacy of anticancer agents acting as chemosensitizers. Direct and indirect antitumor effects of antidepressants are proven, however, their clinical use requires further studies focusing on the specificity of agents on different tumor types.","PeriodicalId":39762,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica","volume":"20 3","pages":"81-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36701443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The biological background of the comorbidity of depression and cancer]. [抑郁症和癌症共病的生物学背景]。

Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica Pub Date : 2018-06-01

Laszlo Peter

引用次数: 0