Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture最新文献

{"title":"Formes sévères d’allo-immunisation néonatale dans le système ABO : à propos de 8 cas","authors":"B. Ennadif ,&nbsp;M. Lehlimi ,&nbsp;A. Badre ,&nbsp;M. Chemsi ,&nbsp;A. Habzi ,&nbsp;S. Benomar","doi":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>La maladie hémolytique du nouveau-né est une situation clinique où les globules rouges fœtaux sont détruits par des allo-anticorps maternels de type IgG dirigés contre les antigènes paternels. Contrairement à l’allo-immunisation érythrocytaire fœto-maternelle dans le système RHD qui entraîne une maladie hémolytique sévère, l’allo-immunisation érythrocytaire fœto-maternelle dans le système ABO entraîne généralement une hémolyse bénigne. On vous présente une étude rétrospective portant sur huit cas d’ABO sévère, colligée sur une période de 5 ans allant de janvier 2016 à décembre 2022. Toutes les mères étaient de groupage O+ avec RAI négatives. Les critères de sévérité étaient le caractère précoce de l’ictère, le test de Coombs positif et l’hémolyse sévère avec une anémie profonde.</div></div><div><div>Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a clinical situation in which fetal red blood cells are destroyed by maternal IgG-type alloantibodies directed against paternal antigens. Unlike fetal-maternal alloimmunization in the RHD system, which leads to severe hemolytic disease, fetal-maternal alloimmunization in the ABO system generally results in benign hemolysis. We present a retrospective study of eight cases of severe ABO, collected over a 5-year period from January 2016 to December 2022. All the mothers were O+ grouped with negative RAI. Severity criteria were early jaundice, positive Coombs test and severe hemolysis with profound anemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 6","pages":"Pages 432-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Page de titre","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00147-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00147-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectre des infections pneumococciques chez l'enfant","authors":"R. Cohen ,&nbsp;N. Ouldali ,&nbsp;H. Haas","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00152-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00152-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pneumococcal infections cover a wide range of diseases, depending on the site of infection and severity. They are classified into two categories: invasive (such as meningitis or bacteremia) and non-invasive infections (such as otitis media). In other hand, pneumococci are normal hosts of the nasopharyngeal microbiota of young children (6 months to 6 years), and over a full year almost 100% of children are carriers, with carriage favored by respiratory infections and life in the community. This article describes four of the most common pneumococcal diseases: acute otitis media, pneumonia, occult bacteremia and meningitis. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Pages 5S8-5S11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact de l'implémentation des vaccins conjugués à 7- puis 13-valent sur les pathologies à pneumocoque","authors":"R. Cohen ,&nbsp;N. Ouldali ,&nbsp;A. Rybak","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00156-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00156-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in the early 2000s had a major impact on public health, both in terms of the incidence of infections and antibiotic prescriptions. Rapidly adopted in the USA with remarkable effectiveness, 7-valent PCV was then introduced in Europe and the UK. In France, implementation has been more gradual, and the impact of this vaccination has been less obvious due to rapid serotype replacement, despite the efficacy of the vaccine serotypes. Here, we present efficacy results for France, based on time-series studies of pneumococcal meningitis, invasive pneumococcal infections, pneumonia and pleuropneumonia, acute otitis media and invasive infections in adults.</div><div>© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Pages 5S31-5S35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Republication de « Anomalies chromosomiques et leur diagnostic en pathologie constitutionnelle »","authors":"V. Malan,&nbsp;S. Romana","doi":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Des cassures de l’acide désoxyribonucléique (ADN) ou des accidents de la division cellulaire surviennent fréquemment dans le génome de tous les organismes. Lorsqu’ils ne sont pas réparés, ils peuvent être à l’origine de remaniements chromosomiques de nombre ou de structure à l’origine de l’évolution, de la diversité humaine, mais aussi de maladies génétiques constitutionnelles et acquises. Nous disposons aujourd’hui de techniques pour les détecter et les caractériser. La plus ancienne d’entre elles, le caryotype, a été pendant 40 ans le seul examen d’étude globale du génome disponible. À la fin des années quatre-vingt, l’hybridation in situ fluorescente a émergé, permettant d’accroître la résolution de l’examen chromosomique et de rendre possible la détection d’anomalies chromosomiques sur des noyaux interphasiques. C’est dans les années deux mille que la révolution génomique commença par le développement des techniques d’ACPA (analyse chromosomique sur puce à ADN). L’ACPA permet une étude globale du génome à un haut niveau de résolution et donne accès au contenu génique du segment remanié. Aujourd’hui, cette révolution s’achève avec l’avènement du séquençage à haut débit de génome grâce auquel il est possible de détecter simultanément les anomalies géniques et chromosomiques. Les méthodes de détection des anomalies chromosomiques et la technique du séquençage à haut débit de génome font l’objet de développements détaillés en annexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 6","pages":"Pages 409-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thérapeutiques des troubles anxieux pédiatriques","authors":"X. Benarous","doi":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>L’anxiété est un état émotionnel habituel chez l’enfant qui fait face à des transitions inhérentes à son développement. L’identification d’un trouble anxieux pédiatrique caractérisé nécessite de tenir compte des critères liés à la durée des symptômes et au retentissement fonctionnel. Si le diagnostic est habituellement évident, l’enjeu initial pour les professionnels est avant tout de guider la famille vers une compréhension minimale du trouble (symptômes habituels chez l’enfant, rôle de l’entourage) avant d’aborder l’accès à des soins spécialisés. Les traitements sont avant tout de nature psychothérapeutique. Les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales sont les traitements dont l’efficacité à court terme a été la mieux documentée. En pratique, une grande variété d’approches sont envisageables et dépendent surtout de facteurs non spécifiques (ex. : alliance avec le jeune, disponibilité et engagement du thérapeute). Même en cas de psychothérapie individuelle, l’accompagnement de la famille est indispensable pour les aider à repérer les dynamiques relationnelles qui peuvent contribuer à moduler les manifestations anxieuses de l’enfant. En cas de troubles anxieux sévères ou résistants, les inhibiteurs spécifiques de la recapture de la sérotonine sont les traitements médicamenteux de première intention. Leur efficacité est bien documentée, en particulier en synergie avec une intervention psychothérapeutique.</div></div><div><div>Anxiety is a common emotional state in children who face several developmental transitions. The diagnosis of pediatric anxiety disorder requires to cautiously consider the duration of symptoms and the overall functional impairment. If the diagnosis is usually easy, one of the most important challenges for first-line health care providers is to provide to parents’ key information about the diagnosis (e.g., typical clinical symptoms, the importance of parental support) before addressing the youths to specialized care when needed. Psychotherapeutic approaches should be provided as a first option. Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) are the intervention with the highest level of empirical evidence of short-term effectiveness. Even in the case of patient-centered psychotherapy, family guidance is an important part of the treatment to help them gain a better insight on the possible relational aspects, which modulate the child's anxious manifestations. In cases of severe or resistant anxiety disorders, specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the first-line drug treatments. Their effectiveness is well documented, particularly in combination with psychotherapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 6","pages":"Pages 393-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Troubles respiratoires obstructifs du sommeil de l’enfant","authors":"L. Griffon ,&nbsp;C. Poirault ,&nbsp;B. Fauroux","doi":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpp.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Le terme « trouble respiratoire obstructif du sommeil » (TROS) regroupe l’ensemble des manifestations secondaires à la réduction du calibre des voies aériennes supérieures pendant le sommeil. C’est un symptôme fréquent en pédiatrie avec une prévalence qui varie entre 3 et 8 % chez l’enfant en l’absence de comorbidité. Le diagnostic de TROS est avant tout clinique et peut être fait lors d’une consultation de pédiatrie. Une consultation ORL spécialisée avec réalisation d’une naso-fibroscopie pour quantifier le volume des tissus adéno-amygdaliens est indispensable pour orienter la prise en charge. L’examen du sommeil n’est pas nécessaire pour confirmer le diagnostic, chez l’enfant entre 2 et 8<!--> <!-->ans en l’absence de comorbidité associée. La prise en charge thérapeutique repose avant tout sur l’adéno-amygdalectomie et selon les cas, un traitement médicamenteux par corticoïdes nasal, un traitement orthodontique par disjonction maxillaire rapide ou une rééducation oro-maxillo-faciale. L’appareillage par pression positive continue (PPC) est réservé à un TROS sévère associé à une obésité, une malformation craniofaciale ou une autre pathologie à risque de TROS en cas d’échec de toutes les autres thérapeutiques. Un suivi rapproché au sein d’un réseau de soins est nécessaire (pédiatre, médecin du sommeil, ORL, orthodontiste, orthophoniste) afin de surveiller l’efficacité du traitement, de dépister et traiter les récidives.</div></div><div><div>Sleep-disorder breathing (SDB) is common in children and results from a reduction of the airway caliber during sleep. The estimated prevalence ranges from 3 and 8 % in healthy children. The diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by an upper airway evaluation with a nasopharyngoscopy to assess the size of tonsils and adenoids. There is no need for a sleep study in healthy children between the age of 2 and 8 years. Adenotonsillectomy (ATE) is the first line treatment, associated in selected patients with anti-inflammatory nasal drugs, orthodontic treatment and oropharyngeal exercises. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a treatment option for severe SDB despite ATE and all other therapeutics and is mainly indicated in patients with morbid obesity, genetic disorder and/or craniofacial anomalies. A close follow up is recommended in a specialized pediatric healthcare network to detect and treat SDB relapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 6","pages":"Pages 385-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Résistance aux antibiotiques des pneumocoques","authors":"R. Cohen ,&nbsp;A. Rybak ,&nbsp;C. Levy ,&nbsp;S. Bonacorsi ,&nbsp;E. Varon","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00155-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00155-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the early 1990s, pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics has grown to became a major public health issue worldwide and in France. It particularly affects the most frequently carried serotypes, and varies according to disease, age, region and the β-lactam prescribed. This article describes the factors that influence antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of β-lactam and macrolide resistance in pneumococci isolated from the nasopharyngeal flora of children with acute otitis media.</div><div>©2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Pages 5S25-5S30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intérêt de la surveillance des pneumocoques dans le microbiote rhinopharyngé","authors":"R. Cohen ,&nbsp;C. Levy ,&nbsp;N. Ouldali ,&nbsp;S. Bonacorsi ,&nbsp;E. Varon","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00153-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00153-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nasopharyngeal microbiota represents a complex ecosystem made up of several hundred bacterial species, f ve of which are frequently associated with paediatric infections: <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> (Sp), <em>Haemophilus influenzas</em> (Hi), <em>Moraxelle catarrhalis</em> (Mc), <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (SA), and will be discussed here.</div><div>The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, however, represented a veritable ecological revolution in the respiratory tract microbiota, altering the carriage of pneumococci, causing vaccine serotypes to be replaced by other, less pathogenic serotypes, and reducing both invasive and non-invasive infections.</div><div>The impact of vaccination programs with conjugate vaccines, carriage in healthy children and in children with acute otitis media are reported here through a study of over 20,000 children over the past 25 years.</div><div>© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Pages 5S12-5S17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comité de Rédaction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00148-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7983(24)00148-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39683,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Pediatrie et de Puericulture","volume":"37 5","pages":"Page ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}