Sociological Focus最新文献_第8页

Performing Gender in Recreational Pole Dancing: Enabling and Constraining Factors 娱乐性钢管舞表演中的性别因素及其制约因素

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589

A. L. Jensen, L. Thing

{"title":"Performing Gender in Recreational Pole Dancing: Enabling and Constraining Factors","authors":"A. L. Jensen, L. Thing","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many people consider pole dancing to be a feminine leisure activity and a female dominated space, but it has recently gained observer status in the Global Association of International Sports Federation (GAISF), thus entering into the field of sport where hegemonic masculinity has historically prevailed. The strong connections between gender, body, and sport and the gender inequalities that permeate the sports culture make it interesting to explore the enabling and constraining factors of performing gender in recreational (i.e., nonoccupational) pole dancing, which is the aim of this article. The methodical approach is qualitative and inspired by ethnography. The article is based on a field study done in Copenhagen, Denmark, including observation, participation, and interviews. The theoretical perspective takes its point of departure in Judith Butler’s theory in Gender Trouble. First, the authors found that the body ideal in pole dance includes both feminine and masculine qualities. The analysis also shows that the different styles of pole dancing (i.e., “sportified” or “sexualized”) and the context in which pole dancing is practiced (i.e., women only or mixed sex) makes a difference regarding what enables and constrains men and women when it comes to performing gender. Inspired by Butler, the authors also discuss which possibilities pole dancing holds for performing gender in new ways, thus challenging oppressive gender norms. Finally, the authors discuss the implications of pole dance becoming a sport in relation to the possibilities of performing gender.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"254 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42842018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Disseminating White Male Nationalist Discourses via YouTube: An Analysis of White Power Music Lyrics 通过YouTube传播白人男性民族主义话语——白人力量音乐歌词分析

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2046667

S. M. Alexander, Nicole Aggarwal, Anastasia M. Hite

引用次数: 0

To Code-Switch or Not to Code-Switch: The Psychosocial Ramifications of Being Resilient Black Women Engineering and Computing Doctoral Students 代码转换或不代码转换:弹性黑人女性工程和计算机博士生的心理社会后果

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482

B. Spencer, S. Artis, Marjorie C. Shavers, S. Lesure, Aishwarya P. Joshi

{"title":"To Code-Switch or Not to Code-Switch: The Psychosocial Ramifications of Being Resilient Black Women Engineering and Computing Doctoral Students","authors":"B. Spencer, S. Artis, Marjorie C. Shavers, S. Lesure, Aishwarya P. Joshi","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This qualitative study explored how 21 Black women enrolled in engineering and computing doctoral programs characterize and understand how they code-switch. We define code-switching as when Black women consciously or unconsciously modify the way they behave in engineering and computing environments to dissociate themselves from negative stereotypes held against their intersectional identities across gender and race. Utilizing Black feminist thought (BFT) as a theoretical framework, this study found that Black women experienced a host of detrimental challenges. Due to their environments, participants modified how they dressed and spoke in a conscious attempt to avoid reinforcing negative stereotypes held against Black women (i.e., the angry Black woman, the incompetent Black woman scientist, negative connotations of Black sounding names, and respectability politics of Black womanhood) and instead dispel these myths. To cope with the effects of code-switching, Black women relied heavily on their spirituality and identifying ways to reaffirm their Blackness. The implications of the findings indicate that Black women experience stress due to code-switching because of the stereotypes they encounter at the intersection of their gender and race.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"130 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44276712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Heterogeneity in Neighborhood Social Integration: Understanding the Role of Private Support 邻里社会融合中的异质性：对私人支持作用的理解

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757

Ellen M. Whitehead

{"title":"Heterogeneity in Neighborhood Social Integration: Understanding the Role of Private Support","authors":"Ellen M. Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social connections between neighbors are critical to the livelihoods of low-income families, but the strength of ties may depend on whether residents receive assistance to live in their home and neighborhood. Prior research has documented that housing voucher recipients and those living within public housing can experience relatively weaker social integration within their neighborhoods, while homeowners tend to exhibit the strongest neighborhood attachment levels. However, we know less about those receiving private housing support by coresiding with friends and family. Using data from the Year 5 Follow-Up of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 3,912), this study examines the association between housing status and multiple indicators of neighborhood social integration. Results from logistic and linear regression models demonstrate that coresiders do not differ in terms of how well they know their neighbors, relative to homeowners, but perceive significantly lower levels of neighborhood social cohesion and engage less frequently with community organizations. Coresiders are distinctive from owners, renters, and public support recipients in terms of neighborhood attachment, yet data on this group is often obscured in surveys focused on household heads. Distinguishing between public and private support lends insight into the mechanisms that influence social integration, with living with family or friends potentially offering social entrée into a neighborhood.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"109 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48170294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Gendering Identity Talk: Gamers’ Gendered Constructions of Gamer Identity 流派身份论：游戏者对游戏者身份的流派建构

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2042441

Bertan Buyukozturk

引用次数: 0

A Qualitative Case Study of Catholic Patients’ Responses to Pain, Suffering, and Redemption: Application and Evaluation of the Rational Choice Approach to Religion 天主教病患对痛苦、苦难与救赎反应的质性个案研究:理性选择方法在宗教中的应用与评价

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2010247

Yuk-ying Ho

{"title":"A Qualitative Case Study of Catholic Patients’ Responses to Pain, Suffering, and Redemption: Application and Evaluation of the Rational Choice Approach to Religion","authors":"Yuk-ying Ho","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.2010247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.2010247","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many studies on religious coping have explored the relationship between religious resources and health outcomes, particularly the mitigation or management of pain and suffering. However, Catholics hold certain positive beliefs about suffering that are largely incompatible with attitudes prevailing today. The doctrine of redemptive suffering holds that human suffering, when accepted and offered to God through prayer, can lead to redemption in the supernatural realm. This article draws on qualitative research involving 27 Catholic patients and examines their responses to pain and suffering with reference to the concept of otherworldly rewards proposed by the rational choice theory (RCT) of religion. We focus on Catholic patients’ modes of thinking. The primary findings are as follows: First, when Catholic patients use religious resources to reduce pain and suffering, most of them demonstrate what RCT calls calculative reasoning. Second, regarding the belief in redemptive suffering, many Catholic patients do not take supernatural meanings seriously; in particular, they are not quite able to accept that “God’s care and plan” can include serious illnesses. Those who finally accept the doctrine initially exhibit calculative reasoning and then gradually transform their negative thinking about suffering through the exercise of virtue. We conclude that otherworldly rewards and religious virtue both play roles in Catholics’ responses to suffering, with the latter being particularly significant as it complements RCT in the study of religious action at the micro-individual level.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"68 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48610600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attitudes about Paid Parental Leave in the United States 美国人对带薪产假的态度

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2012861

Qi Li, C. Knoester, Richard J. Petts

{"title":"Attitudes about Paid Parental Leave in the United States","authors":"Qi Li, C. Knoester, Richard J. Petts","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.2012861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.2012861","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Paid parental leave offerings in the United States are relatively rare and unequal. Yet, little is known about public opinions about paid leave and the factors that distinguish adults’ attitudes about them. With the use of data from the General Social Survey, we investigated attitudes about paid parental leave availability, preferred lengths of paid leave offerings, and government funding of leave in the United States. We found overwhelming support for paid parental leave availability, an average preference for four months of paid leave offerings, and common support for at least some government funding for leaves. Older and more politically conservative individuals were consistently less supportive of paid parental leave availability, longer lengths of leave, and government funding of leave. Women, supporters of dual-earner expectations, black individuals, and those who were not working in paid labor were typically more supportive of generous paid parental leave offerings. These findings suggest that there have been longstanding desires for more widespread and generous paid parental leave offerings in the United States but that this has not yet been sufficient to prompt widely applicable policy changes across the nation.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"48 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Feminist Friends of the Court: Amicus Curiae, Social Movement Institutional Activism, and the U.S. Supreme Court’s Women’s Rights Cases 法院的女权主义之友:法庭之友、社会运动机构行动主义和美国最高法院的妇女权利案件

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2009074

Holly J. McCammon, Magdalena N. Sudibjo, Cathryn Beeson-Lynch, Amanda J. Brockman, M. Moon

{"title":"Feminist Friends of the Court: Amicus Curiae, Social Movement Institutional Activism, and the U.S. Supreme Court’s Women’s Rights Cases","authors":"Holly J. McCammon, Magdalena N. Sudibjo, Cathryn Beeson-Lynch, Amanda J. Brockman, M. Moon","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.2009074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.2009074","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To influence outcomes in U.S. women’s rights Supreme Court cases, feminist advocacy groups and their allies routinely file amicus curiae briefs, third-party briefs designed to persuade the justices in their decision-making. Yet no study has systematically examined the impact of these feminist-supporting amici on judicial decision-making. We argue that advocacy groups’ amicus mobilization can be understood as institutional activism, activism utilizing a judicial channel through which advocacy groups can communicate directly with the justices. To discern whether this form of feminist institutional activism shapes judicial law, we examine amicus activity in the women’s rights cases from the mid-1960s until 2016. We utilize a resource mobilization perspective to examine mobilization of amici but offer refinements of the theory by invoking affected-groups and information theories. Our regression analyses show that use of amici can persuade the justices to vote in favor of the feminist litigant. We also investigate whether the influence of feminist amicus activity is moderated by legal circumstances (for instance, whether a justice is conservative or liberal). We find only limited evidence that the potency of this form of institutional resource mobilization is moderated by the legal context.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49002953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Adherence: The Healthwork of People Living with HIV in Nigeria 超越坚持：尼日利亚艾滋病毒感染者的健康工作

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2015730

Ayodeji Bayo Ogunrotifa

{"title":"Beyond Adherence: The Healthwork of People Living with HIV in Nigeria","authors":"Ayodeji Bayo Ogunrotifa","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.2015730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.2015730","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, adherence was regarded by biomedical researchers as the only way to manage HIV effectively in everyday life. The sociological critique of this biomedical stance posits that the everyday management of HIV goes beyond the biomedical conception of adherence, as HIV-positive individuals undertake healthwork practices that form the basis of HIV management. Using symbolic interactionism and social context theory to ground the lived experience of healthwork, this paper explores the kinds of healthwork people living with HIV in Nigeria undertake. Drawing from 32 semi-structured interviews with HIV-positive individuals living in Nigeria, it was observed that healthwork is an individualized practice including spirituality, testing, counseling, adherence, concealment, dieting, and support-group participation. These practices are shaped by the sociocultural, economic, political, and structural factors in the Nigerian context. Meaningful healthwork practices were informed by the personal responses to HIV diagnosis, and such practices were tied to formal rules, local dynamics, and contextual issues that are shaped by structural and institutional factors. This paper contributes to sociological knowledge on HIV management by demonstrating the importance of context and meaning in the design of health interventions and programs connected with the lived experience of people living with HIV.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"85 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49479590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“No Seat at the Party”: Mobilizing White Masculinity in the Men’s Rights Movement “无党籍”：在人权运动中调动白人男子气概

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.2009075

Emily K. Carian

{"title":"“No Seat at the Party”: Mobilizing White Masculinity in the Men’s Rights Movement","authors":"Emily K. Carian","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.2009075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.2009075","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT I use the men’s rights movement, an anti-feminist backlash movement consisting largely of straight, white men, to examine how high-status group members develop a collective identity leveraged by right-wing movements. Drawing on 31 interviews with men’s rights activists, I find that masculinity, whiteness, and straightness play crucial roles in motivating identification with the movement. Interviewees believe others see them as privileged and thus immoral because of these identities. This clashes with the way they see themselves, threatens their moral sense of self, and evokes negative emotions. In response, they reconstruct themselves – as straight, white men – as victims, thus developing a sense of “we” and a basis for collective action. In an effort to recoup a sense of moral goodness and build community, they also construct a new collective identity as men’s rights activists, which invests them in organized backlash. This paper develops a theory to explain collective identity formation among high-status group members, and illustrates how the identity work straight, white men undertake in the face of culturally legitimate challenges to their privilege can invest them in organized backlash movements.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"27 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2