Sociological Focus最新文献_第10页

Maternal Decision-Making and Family-to-Work Spillover: Does Gender Ideology Matter? 母亲的决策与家庭到工作的溢出：性别意识形态重要吗？

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1923597

Reilly Kincaid

{"title":"Maternal Decision-Making and Family-to-Work Spillover: Does Gender Ideology Matter?","authors":"Reilly Kincaid","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.1923597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.1923597","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Making parenting decisions is inherent in the responsibility of raising children. Past research suggests that employed mothers may designate themselves “in charge” of these decisions in order to reconcile employment obligations with cultural gender ideologies around mothering. Despite substantial literature suggesting that the more family responsibilities one has, the more likely that family matters are to “spill over” into one’s work, little is known about how employed mothers’ “maternal decision-making” is related to spillover or how mothers’ own personal gender ideologies may influence this link. Based on a sample of employed mothers (N = 316) derived from waves 2002 and 2012 of the General Social Survey, this paper examines how maternal decision-making (i.e., mothers acting as the primary authorities on childrearing decisions) and shared parental decision-making (i.e., mothers and fathers sharing such decisions equally) are differentially associated with negative spillover and how gender ideology plays a role in these experiences. Regression results suggest that for employed mothers, maternal decision-making is associated with greater spillover but that this link is moderated by gender ideology. Among maternal decision-makers, those holding traditional gender attitudes experience greater spillover, whereas those holding egalitarian attitudes experience less spillover, similar to the spillover rate of mothers in shared parental decision-making arrangements. By shifting empirical attention from routine childcare tasks to less visible parenting responsibilities and from societal gender ideologies to individuals’ own beliefs, this study makes important contributions to research on spillover, mental labor, and gender.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"223 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2021.1923597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48521591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Young Men’s Entry and Persistence in Female-Dominated Occupations 年轻男性在女性主导职业中的进入与坚持

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1894282

Scott Swiatek, Janette Dill

引用次数: 0

Doing Gender, Class, and Nation in Northern India: Student Aspirations and the New Middle Class 在印度北部做性别、阶级和民族：学生愿望和新中产阶级

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1891592

D. Scott

{"title":"Doing Gender, Class, and Nation in Northern India: Student Aspirations and the New Middle Class","authors":"D. Scott","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.1891592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.1891592","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT India’s new middle class is important in establishing a hegemonic culture and structure that legitimizes what it means to be a successful, modern Indian man or woman. This study examines the extent to which, and how, the aspirations of educated, non-cosmopolitan young people in the Garhwali hills of northern India reflect and embody these hegemonic ideals. These questions are important because these ideal constructs, largely based in the realities of elite, transnational middle-class lives, are held up to be the legitimate ones that reflect a vision of India as a modern nation. My findings draw from 38 in-depth interviews conducted with students at five colleges in the Garhwali area of Uttarakhand. The aspirations and expectations of college students in this area largely reflect, and thus reinforce and legitimize, dominant constructs of gender, class, and nation. This is the case even though the chances of obtaining a position in the transnational middle class are relatively low for young people in this area. Moreover, the particular constraints faced by female students make it especially unlikely that they will ever reach new-middle-class status. The implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"106 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2021.1891592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43672418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Ideal Worker Norm and Workplace Social Support among U.S. Workers 理想工人规范与美国工人的工作场所社会支持

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1894622

Krista Lynn Minnotte, Michael C. Minnotte

{"title":"The Ideal Worker Norm and Workplace Social Support among U.S. Workers","authors":"Krista Lynn Minnotte, Michael C. Minnotte","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.1894622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.1894622","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has shown that the ideal worker norm stipulating workers should be completely devoted to their jobs without interference from outside responsibilities creates difficulties for workers. At the same time, scholarship continues to emphasize the positive outcomes associated with coworker and supervisor support in making it easier for workers to combine work and family. Yet we know little about what shapes the extent to which workers have access to supportive coworkers and supervisors. This study brings together these two strands of scholarship to explore the relationships between the perceived presence of the ideal worker norm and two forms of workplace social support: coworker support and supervisor support. Using data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers, this study finds that the perceived presence of the ideal worker norm—regardless of gender and largely irrespective of parenthood and elder-care responsibilities—is associated with decreased levels of both forms of support. Taken together, these findings contribute to the literature by documenting the impact of the ideal worker norm on the workplace social support to which workers have access.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"120 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2021.1894622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44334182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

From Doers to Donors:Sociology Students’ Perceptions of Experiential Philanthropy 从实干家到捐赠者:社会学学生对体验性慈善的看法

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1895012

C. Stacey, Kenneth R. Hanson, Meghan A. Novisky

{"title":"From Doers to Donors:Sociology Students’ Perceptions of Experiential Philanthropy","authors":"C. Stacey, Kenneth R. Hanson, Meghan A. Novisky","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2021.1895012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2021.1895012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Service learning is a well-established part of the sociology curriculum in many American universities and colleges. Less well known is student-led philanthropy (also known as experiential philanthropy), a form of service learning that encourages students to donate money to the community partners they are serving. Underwritten by national foundations or regional Campus Compacts, student-led philanthropy (SLP) positions undergraduates as donors as well as doers. In this paper, we ask how sociology students perceive the role of donor and how it enhances or detracts from their volunteer experiences with community partners. To answer this question, we draw on qualitative and quantitative data from 24 SLP students enrolled in an Honors Social Problems course. We find that students overwhelmingly welcome the shift from doer to donor in so much as it affords them a greater perceived sense of purpose and impact, enriching their relationships with community partners. Students lament being donors, however, when they have to collectively decide which organizations “deserve” funding. The award process is especially fraught when organizations become maligned and deemed unworthy by a subset of students. We conclude with a discussion of how SLP can be integrated into the sociology classroom and how instructors might pursue this form of service learning when resources for philanthropic giving are limited.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"153 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2021.1895012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46335829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Walls and Bridges: Divisions and Bonds in the Polish Trans Community 论墙与桥：波兰跨社会的分裂与纽带

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2021.1891160

A. Kłonkowska, Stephanie Bonvissuto

引用次数: 1

Everyday Resilience Strategies of Haitian Immigrant-Serving NGOs in the Dominican Republic: An Analysis of Community Work Experiences 多明尼加共和国海地移民服务非政府组织的日常应变策略:社区工作经验分析

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2020.1845259

K. J. Peralta

{"title":"Everyday Resilience Strategies of Haitian Immigrant-Serving NGOs in the Dominican Republic: An Analysis of Community Work Experiences","authors":"K. J. Peralta","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2020.1845259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845259","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An organization that has everyday resilience can withstand ongoing adversities. Previous studies on organizational resilience commonly examine capabilities to bounce back from acute disturbances such as natural disasters. This study, however, explores the strategies that nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) employ to persist in the face of chronic challenges. In doing so, I analyze qualitative interviews with 20 NGO actors, who serve the Haitian immigrant population in the Dominican Republic. Specifically, I examine their community work experiences in order to, first, identify the challenges they face that are related to an uncertain sociopolitical environment that marginalizes Haitians and Dominico-Haitians. Next, I describe the strategies that they use to respond to these challenges. Finally, I critique their everyday resilience strategies to shed light on possible alternative approaches that may help to transform the social conditions in which they work. Findings reveal that challenges consist of community conflict, deportations and threats of removal, and contentious micro-level interactions. The everyday resilience strategies recognized include making initiatives inclusive, developing and using social connections, and using strategic communication. I propose that NGOs ensure their programming includes human rights education and intergroup dialogue, build power through networks, and engage in discursive resistance. This research advances a deeper understanding of the ongoing organizational challenges, common everyday resilience strategies, and prospects for Haitian-immigrant-serving NGOs in the Dominican Republic to use transformative approaches.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"60 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45923238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Embedding into an Emerging Money System: The Case of Bitcoin 嵌入新兴货币体系:以比特币为例

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2020.1845260

Alexander B. Kinney

{"title":"Embedding into an Emerging Money System: The Case of Bitcoin","authors":"Alexander B. Kinney","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2020.1845260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845260","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As global economic crises place the issue of money at the forefront of media attention, a growing minority are turning to “cryptocurrencies” as an emerging digital alternative to state-issued currencies. Bitcoin, the most popular version of this emerging medium, is a useful proxy to answer a key question to the sociology of money: how do people embed themselves into an emerging money system, and what role does value play in this process? Drawing on 23 interviews with Bitcoin adopters, I find that embedding into Bitcoin is closely tied to personal experience and temporal contexts. This study demonstrates that the adoption of Bitcoin follows a distinct process. First adopters discover the value Bitcoin on their own terms. Next, they reflexively overcome challenges to these initial perceptions of value. Finally, they reaffirm their embeddedness in the system through rituals of commitment. This finding has implications for the sociology of money and economic sociology by distilling the connection between fictional expectations that are used to anchor value systems and the social construction of monetary utilities and group identities. Additionally, this connection helps to unpack how Bitcoin continues to mature as a money system despite being characterized by diverse adopters that often engage in economically inefficient activities.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"77 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49117931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minding the (Age) Gap: The Identity and Emotion Work of Men and Women in Age-Discrepant Romantic Relationships 注意(年龄)差距:年龄差异恋爱关系中男女的身份认同和情感工作

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2020.1845258

Ashley Niccolai, M. Swauger

{"title":"Minding the (Age) Gap: The Identity and Emotion Work of Men and Women in Age-Discrepant Romantic Relationships","authors":"Ashley Niccolai, M. Swauger","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2020.1845258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845258","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT People involved in an age-discrepant relationship, where one partner is significantly older than the other, are typically viewed with negative cultural tropes and stereotypes. Using a chain sampling technique to recruit participants, data were collected through 20 in-depth interviews with men and women who experienced being in a relationship with an age gap of 10 or more years between partners. Analyses revealed participants used common techniques to manage and overcome the stigma, both in self-interaction and in interaction with others. In self-interaction, participants drew from “love narratives” to reframe their involvement with someone much younger or older as something outside of their control. When interacting with others, participants used techniques of passing, lampooning, and dismissing. Passing involved participants’ ability to feel and appear closer in age to their partner. Lampooning involved the use of humor to deflect the threat of stigma. Dismissing involved repudiation of the stigma associated with age-discrepant relationships. Importantly, participants’ use of these techniques worked either in defense of or as a reaction against the inequality they faced in an age-discrepant relationship.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"54 1","pages":"19 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380237.2020.1845258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47534624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NCSA 2020 Presidential Address: Luck, Weber, and Constant Crisis NCSA 2020总统演讲：幸运、韦伯和持续的危机

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2020.1838979

Robert M. Carrothers

引用次数: 0