Sociological Focus最新文献_第7页

Does Occupational Stress Play a Role in Forming Restrictionist Immigration Opinions? 职业压力在形成限制性移民观点中起作用吗？

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2123419

J. Berg

{"title":"Does Occupational Stress Play a Role in Forming Restrictionist Immigration Opinions?","authors":"J. Berg","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2123419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2123419","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study extends the labor market competition perspective of immigration attitudes by examining the influence of occupational stress and employer-sponsored stress management programs on native-born, full-time workers’ opinions toward immigration levels. Binary logit and ordered logit models, with data from the 2018 General Social Survey, test the predictions of three occupational stress theories: job demands-control-support, effort-reward balance, and distributive justice. The results indicate that native-born, non-Hispanic white workers and native-born, Latino workers who are unable to develop their occupational skills on the job have greater odds of favoring reduced immigration. Job insecurity, lack of promotion opportunities, and poor intercolleague respect also negatively affect native-born, non-Hispanic white workers’ immigration opinions, while having to expend greater physical effort and having less time to complete the work negatively affect native-born, Latino workers’ immigration opinions. At the same time, native-born, non-Hispanic white workers who participate in stress management training have significantly greater odds of supporting increased immigration levels and significantly lower odds of desiring lower immigration levels. As immigration to the United States remains strong, understanding the social processes of native-born employee perceptions and the solutions to problematic intergroup relations may benefit individuals, businesses, and the economy.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"353 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49468859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Beefcake and the Beast: Professionalization, Mediatization, and the Representations of Masculinity in French Rugby 蜜蜂与野兽：职业化、中介化与法国橄榄球男子气概的表现

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2073576

Yan Dalla Pria, C. Bonnet

{"title":"The Beefcake and the Beast: Professionalization, Mediatization, and the Representations of Masculinity in French Rugby","authors":"Yan Dalla Pria, C. Bonnet","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2073576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2073576","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of professionalization and mediatization of rugby on the representations of masculinity in this sport over the last quarter century. Data used for both statistical analysis (using chi-square tests of independence and Multiple Correspondence Analysis) and qualitative content analysis were collected in France through a corpus of 799 rugby-related advertisements mainly dating from 1987 to 2015. The authors demonstrate that, alongside the hegemonic masculinity produced by the socialization of rugby players until the 1980s (the “Beast”), the marketization of elite rugby that began in the 1990s has led to the emergence of an alternative figure of masculinity that values aesthetics over physical strength (the “Beefcake”). The authors theorize this hybridization as a way for rugby players, who follow the lead of advertisers and communications agencies, to distance themselves from the increasingly stigmatized figure of masculinity embodied by their sport in order to entice new audiences. Simultaneously, while allowing them to seize the financial manna of advertising, this rebranding reveals the plasticity of the hegemonic masculinity conveyed by rugby, which is able to regenerate itself by evolving with the times. Based on this case, the authors then discuss the dialectic relationship between the hegemonic model and hybrid masculinities in both a synchronic and a diachronic perspective.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"285 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45363961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Emergent Specters and Disruptive Play in the Production of Disc Golf 圆盘高尔夫生产中的突发性Specters和颠覆性游戏

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2080779

Alex R. Colucci

{"title":"Emergent Specters and Disruptive Play in the Production of Disc Golf","authors":"Alex R. Colucci","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2080779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2080779","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Disc golf is experiencing immense recent growth that, in 2020, noticeably outpaced the steady growth seen in the sport over the past decade. This spirited movement has vaulted disc golf into the position of a suddenly and perhaps unexpectedly emerging sport. “Growth” has become a central paradigm around which the sport (its institutions and participants) concentrates. Alongside this emergence, social and political issues emerge, unexpectedly for some, from the sport’s (recent) past that serve to challenge its present trajectory. To examine these emergences, I develop Derrida’s associated concepts of hauntology, absence/presence, and the trace to draw out and play with connections between the sport’s emergence issues. Revolving around “growth” as a central paradigm, production, excess, access, diversity, inclusion, toxicity, and sustainability all appear as related issues in the sport’s emergent present. Beginning with empirically based vignettes, I question the present social material condition of disc golf. This questioning, and emerging understanding, proceeds by drawing connections between the present condition of social relations in the sport and social and political theory. Here, I draw on an array of post-structural and political-economic theory during my analysis to carry through the vocabulary established by a hauntological framework and a sense of play. The resulting deconstruction provides both a playful vocabulary and conceptual apparatus for analyzing disc golf’s emergence and the status of other emerging sports. This process, in turn, demonstrates the transformative potential of embracing the decentering, disruptive potential inherent to ‘play’ in the double sense. The “play” of writing (with language) and the “play” of direct action that promotes difference to challenge fixed positions that are central to producing cultural phenomena, such as disc golf.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"236 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47395720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Systemic Racism Shapes Access to Interscholastic Sports and Why It Matters 系统性种族主义如何影响校际体育的准入及其重要性

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2067927

Kaitlin Pericak, Brandon P. Martinez

引用次数: 0

Introduction to the Special Issue on Emerging Sports 新兴体育特刊简介

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2081003

J. Woods

引用次数: 0

Between the Oche and Treble-Twenty: Darts as a “Way of Life” in Contemporary London 在Oche和triple - twenty之间:飞镖作为当代伦敦的“生活方式”

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2068098

Nicholas W. Howe Bukowski

{"title":"Between the Oche and Treble-Twenty: Darts as a “Way of Life” in Contemporary London","authors":"Nicholas W. Howe Bukowski","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2068098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2068098","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article serves to answer the question, “What sustains the continued relevance of darts for working-class men in postindustrial Britain?” Darts remains a deeply popular activity and increasingly popular spectator sport in contemporary Britain, with common associations with the social clubs, working men’s clubs, and pubs of industrial Britain. This article addresses the continued place of darts within the context of the deeply destructive process of structural economic change that has transformed the country’s economic, social, and physical landscape and has deeply altered forms of working-class spaces of leisure from pubs to social clubs in long-standing neighborhoods. The author argues that darts is a medium that acts as a form of bridging between the periods of industrial and postindustrial Britain so as to continue working-class modes of socialization and relations that have been altered with the shift to postindustrialism. Darts acts as a mode of orientation and direction—a “way of life”—that mediates and enables a connection between industrial and postindustrial Britain. Moreover, the continuation of playing darts allows for the continuation of spaces of kinship and socialization for working-class men within profound gentrification and the transformation of London into a “Global City” dictated by financial capital. This basis of this article is derived from interviews and observation conducted at a series of amateur darts events across Greater London in January 2016. This article allows for a consideration of the role of leisure and sport within continued institutions and memories of class.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"220 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Performing Gender in Recreational Pole Dancing: Enabling and Constraining Factors 娱乐性钢管舞表演中的性别因素及其制约因素

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589

A. L. Jensen, L. Thing

{"title":"Performing Gender in Recreational Pole Dancing: Enabling and Constraining Factors","authors":"A. L. Jensen, L. Thing","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2066589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many people consider pole dancing to be a feminine leisure activity and a female dominated space, but it has recently gained observer status in the Global Association of International Sports Federation (GAISF), thus entering into the field of sport where hegemonic masculinity has historically prevailed. The strong connections between gender, body, and sport and the gender inequalities that permeate the sports culture make it interesting to explore the enabling and constraining factors of performing gender in recreational (i.e., nonoccupational) pole dancing, which is the aim of this article. The methodical approach is qualitative and inspired by ethnography. The article is based on a field study done in Copenhagen, Denmark, including observation, participation, and interviews. The theoretical perspective takes its point of departure in Judith Butler’s theory in Gender Trouble. First, the authors found that the body ideal in pole dance includes both feminine and masculine qualities. The analysis also shows that the different styles of pole dancing (i.e., “sportified” or “sexualized”) and the context in which pole dancing is practiced (i.e., women only or mixed sex) makes a difference regarding what enables and constrains men and women when it comes to performing gender. Inspired by Butler, the authors also discuss which possibilities pole dancing holds for performing gender in new ways, thus challenging oppressive gender norms. Finally, the authors discuss the implications of pole dance becoming a sport in relation to the possibilities of performing gender.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"254 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42842018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Disseminating White Male Nationalist Discourses via YouTube: An Analysis of White Power Music Lyrics 通过YouTube传播白人男性民族主义话语——白人力量音乐歌词分析

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2046667

S. M. Alexander, Nicole Aggarwal, Anastasia M. Hite

引用次数: 0

To Code-Switch or Not to Code-Switch: The Psychosocial Ramifications of Being Resilient Black Women Engineering and Computing Doctoral Students 代码转换或不代码转换:弹性黑人女性工程和计算机博士生的心理社会后果

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482

B. Spencer, S. Artis, Marjorie C. Shavers, S. Lesure, Aishwarya P. Joshi

{"title":"To Code-Switch or Not to Code-Switch: The Psychosocial Ramifications of Being Resilient Black Women Engineering and Computing Doctoral Students","authors":"B. Spencer, S. Artis, Marjorie C. Shavers, S. Lesure, Aishwarya P. Joshi","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2054482","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This qualitative study explored how 21 Black women enrolled in engineering and computing doctoral programs characterize and understand how they code-switch. We define code-switching as when Black women consciously or unconsciously modify the way they behave in engineering and computing environments to dissociate themselves from negative stereotypes held against their intersectional identities across gender and race. Utilizing Black feminist thought (BFT) as a theoretical framework, this study found that Black women experienced a host of detrimental challenges. Due to their environments, participants modified how they dressed and spoke in a conscious attempt to avoid reinforcing negative stereotypes held against Black women (i.e., the angry Black woman, the incompetent Black woman scientist, negative connotations of Black sounding names, and respectability politics of Black womanhood) and instead dispel these myths. To cope with the effects of code-switching, Black women relied heavily on their spirituality and identifying ways to reaffirm their Blackness. The implications of the findings indicate that Black women experience stress due to code-switching because of the stereotypes they encounter at the intersection of their gender and race.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"130 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44276712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Heterogeneity in Neighborhood Social Integration: Understanding the Role of Private Support 邻里社会融合中的异质性：对私人支持作用的理解

Sociological Focus Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757

Ellen M. Whitehead

{"title":"Heterogeneity in Neighborhood Social Integration: Understanding the Role of Private Support","authors":"Ellen M. Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2022.2048757","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social connections between neighbors are critical to the livelihoods of low-income families, but the strength of ties may depend on whether residents receive assistance to live in their home and neighborhood. Prior research has documented that housing voucher recipients and those living within public housing can experience relatively weaker social integration within their neighborhoods, while homeowners tend to exhibit the strongest neighborhood attachment levels. However, we know less about those receiving private housing support by coresiding with friends and family. Using data from the Year 5 Follow-Up of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 3,912), this study examines the association between housing status and multiple indicators of neighborhood social integration. Results from logistic and linear regression models demonstrate that coresiders do not differ in terms of how well they know their neighbors, relative to homeowners, but perceive significantly lower levels of neighborhood social cohesion and engage less frequently with community organizations. Coresiders are distinctive from owners, renters, and public support recipients in terms of neighborhood attachment, yet data on this group is often obscured in surveys focused on household heads. Distinguishing between public and private support lends insight into the mechanisms that influence social integration, with living with family or friends potentially offering social entrée into a neighborhood.","PeriodicalId":39368,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Focus","volume":"55 1","pages":"109 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48170294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1