Clinical Microbiology Newsletter最新文献

{"title":"Challenges in the phenotypic detection of streptococcus Pneumoniae from clinical samples in low resource settings","authors":"Hafeez Aderinsayo Adekola ,&nbsp;Tajudeen Bamidele ,&nbsp;Emelda Chukwu ,&nbsp;Muinah Fowora ,&nbsp;Sola Ajibaye ,&nbsp;Abideen Salako ,&nbsp;Zaidat Musa ,&nbsp;Oliver Ezechi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenotypic detection of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> in clinical samples, particularly those collected from infants, is vital for understanding its epidemiology and improving disease management. However, despite advancements in laboratory techniques, achieving optimal yield of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> remains a significant challenge. This paper explores the primary obstacles that compromise the effective recovery of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> from clinical samples and suggests potential strategies for improvement. One of the key issues identified are the effect of various sampling, transportation and storage techniques on the overall bacteria yield. Factors such as improper sample collection methods, inappropriate use or lack of use of transport media, and delays in processing can significantly diminish the viability of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>. In addition, the choice of culture media and conditions, while critical, may not always support the optimal growth of the bacterium, leading to false-negative results or underestimation of bacterial load. There is a need for a re-evaluation of current protocols, emphasizing the need for standardized procedures that are tailored to the specific requirements of pneumococcal detection. Further research into developing more resilient and specific culture media and better training for healthcare professionals involved in sample collection and processing should be encouraged. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy, guiding effective treatment strategies, and ultimately reducing the burden of pneumococcal disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID)","authors":"Antonio Vitiello ,&nbsp;Andrea Silenzi ,&nbsp;Andrea Zovi ,&nbsp;Rosario Sorrentino","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant health, social, and economic challenges, with an estimated 65 million people affected by long-term complications collectively referred to as long COVID-19. Symptoms include psychiatric, neurological, cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic disorders, including chronic fatigue syndrome and autoimmune conditions. Risk factors include female sex, lack of vaccination, pre-existing comorbidities, and smoking. A longer duration or increased severity of symptoms is associated with reduced quality of life, physical performance, and the ability to work or attend school. Diagnostic and therapeutic innovations are being adopted, including digital medicine and artificial intelligence. Recovery from long COVID varies widely among individuals, and probiotics have been proposed as effective remedies for fatigue, memory loss, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Further research and data are needed to fully understand the complexity and multi-organ nature of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 52-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hidden epidemic: The rising challenge of Mycoplasma genitalium","authors":"Portia Mira","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 55-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual cause of appendiceal peritonitis: Comamonas kerstersii– A case report and literature review","authors":"Abdessamad Amrani ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Mohammed Lahmer ,&nbsp;Amjad Idrissi ,&nbsp;Yasser Akil ,&nbsp;Elmostapha Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine Ben Lahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Comamonas kerstersii</em> is a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacterium recently described, and its role in serious human infections has been recognized since 2013. In this article, we report the case of a 53-year-old male admitted to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa. Laboratory tests revealed an inflammatory syndrome with CRP at 399.02 mg/L and Procalcitonin at 5.21 ng/mL. An urgent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan was realized, revealing appendiceal peritonitis. The patient underwent an appendectomy and fluid aspiration. The microbiological analysis of the peritoneal fluid led to the identification of <em>Comamonas kerstersii</em> by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The recent discovery of <em>C. kerstersii</em> and the limits of classical phenotypic methods in its detection are probably leading to an underestimated prevalence. More recently, acquired resistance in this bacterium has been reported, requiring systematic susceptibility testing and the rapid adaptation of therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi encephalopathy: A rare clinical presentation","authors":"Sara Soomro ,&nbsp;Ramlla Hatif ,&nbsp;Muzeer Ahmed ,&nbsp;Ayesha Saleem ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ateeb Sheikh ,&nbsp;Sara Ismail ,&nbsp;Abdul Nafey Kazi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Junaid Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mortality from <em>Salmonella Typhi</em> fever is very high among <strong>South-Asian</strong> countries including Pakistan. With the emergence of the extensively drug-resistant <em>Salmonella Typhi</em> strain, mortality has increased among all age groups. <em>Salmonella Typhi</em> usually presents with abdominal symptoms and complications; however, literature has reported its extreme rare clinical presentation with neurological symptoms. We report a case of a young male whose initial presentation was altered mentation and seizures and later diagnosed as having extremely drug-resistant <em>Salmonella Typhi</em> encephalopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 48-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scratching the surface: The rise of antifungal-resistant dermatophytes","authors":"Jeremy A.W. Gold,&nbsp;Shawn R. Lockhart","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dermatophytosis (also called ringworm or tinea infection) is a common, contagious superficial infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophyte molds. Historically, clinicians have considered dermatophytosis as a mild, easy-to-treat condition; however, the epidemiology of dermatophytosis has changed dramatically in the past decade because of the emergence of dermatophyte strains causing increasingly severe and difficult-to-treat infections. We review three recently emerged dermatophytes of public health concern: <em>Trichophyton indotineae</em>, which is causing outbreaks of frequently terbinafine-resistant and difficult-to-treat tinea in South Asia, with cases also reported across six continents; <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> genotype VII (TMVII), associated with oral and anogenital tinea infections particularly among men who have sex with men in France and the United States; and terbinafine-resistant <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em>, noted as a cause of difficult-to-treat tinea infections, although data are limited. We discuss practical considerations for identifying these pathogens, which relies on DNA sequencing or MALDI-ToF rather than on morphological characteristics. Additionally, we highlight the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing and practical laboratory considerations. Finally, we emphasize the importance of increased adoption of diagnostic testing for suspected dermatophyte infections, as well as the development of rapid, accurate, and affordable dermatophyte testing methods to help improve diagnostic accuracy and judicious antifungal use. Overall, the emergence of severe and antifungal-resistant dermatophyte infections poses a global public health concern. Clinical microbiologists can play a crucial role in addressing this threat by familiarizing themselves with techniques for identifying emerging dermatophyte species and performing antifungal susceptibility testing to guide patient management, monitor trends, and inform future public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peritoneal Tuberculosis: Navigating diagnostic challenges","authors":"Reanay Berezovskiy ,&nbsp;Meher Sultana ,&nbsp;Jason Guyotte ,&nbsp;Daria Yunina-Distefano ,&nbsp;Niyati Goradia ,&nbsp;Irene E. Rossmer","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peritoneal Tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon manifestation of a mycobacterial infection, typically observed in immunocompromised individuals and/or those residing in endemic regions. Usually, patients will contract pulmonary TB, which results in dissemination or reactivation of latent infection months to years following the initial infection. Here, we present a case of peritoneal TB diagnosed in an immunocompetent patient devoid of recent travel history and with negative pulmonary findings. This case highlights the importance of considering peritoneal TB in the differential diagnosis, even in immunocompetent individuals with no apparent risk factors, highlighting the complexity and variability of TB presentations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of Orientia Tsutsugamushi (Scrub Typhus): Essential information on causes, symptoms, and care","authors":"Neetesh Jindal ,&nbsp;Kumar Abhishek ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Manas Ranjan Dikhit ,&nbsp;Roshan Kamal Topno ,&nbsp;Krishna Pandey ,&nbsp;Ganesh Chandra Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scrub typhus is a disease caused by the bacteria <em>Orientia tsutsugamushi</em>, spread primarily by chiggers, which are larval mites. These mites are commonly found in Southeast Asia, including countries like India, Indonesia, and Thailand. The disease is often hard to diagnose because its symptoms—fever, headache, muscle pain, and stomach issues—are similar to other illnesses. A key sign of scrub typhus is an “eschar,” a sore that appears at the bite site. Without treatment, which typically involves antibiotics like doxycycline or azithromycin, the disease can lead to severe complications such as sepsis, shock, and multi-organ failure, with a high mortality rate. Scrub typhus has been documented in various regions, with historical records dating back to the 19th century in China. Despite advances in treatment regimen since World War II, no vaccine is available. Diagnostic methods include serological tests and PCR techniques to detect the bacteria. Preventive measures focus on avoiding areas where chiggers are prevalent and using insect repellent. Even if the scrub typhus fever has been reported from regions such as Japan to northern Australia and the Arabian Peninsula, Indian people from different parts are suffering from this endemic disease and doxycycline has become the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus fever. Clinical diagnosis of scrub typhus and research related to this endemic disease must be assorted as the scrub typhus may become resistant to the current treatment regimen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fatal case of community-acquired Acinetobacter pittii necrotising fasciitis, and a review of the literature","authors":"Maja Johanne Søndergaard Knudsen,&nbsp;Peder Worning,&nbsp;Sarah Juel Paulsen,&nbsp;Anne Line Engsbro","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a fatal case of a comorbid male in his 70s admitted for erysipelas on the right lower leg. The condition developed rapidly and during debridement, the patient was diagnosed with necrotising fasciitis (NF). <em>A. pittii</em> was isolated from both blood and tissue samples. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen treatment and surgical intervention, the patient died from multiple organ failure. A review was conducted with a PubMed search for case reports/cohort studies with cases of <em>Acinetobacter</em> NF. Twenty-three articles were identified reporting on 30 cases with NF caused by <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. (<em>Acinetobacter baumanii</em> 83 %, <em>A. pittii</em> 0). Infections were polymicrobial in 57 % of cases and fatal in 47 % of cases. For cases unrelated to war, most identified patients suffered from one or more comorbidities. <em>A. pittii</em> should be considered an important finding in a patient with a soft skin infection, and the risk of NF should be assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft tissue infection with multidrug-resistant Kluyvera ascorbata of extended-spectrum bêta-lactamase type (CTX-M): Case report and literature review","authors":"Samir Kaddouri ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Ouahiba Hafhaf ,&nbsp;Ismail Faiz ,&nbsp;Amjad Idrissi ,&nbsp;Omar El Mahi ,&nbsp;Elmostapha Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine Ben Lahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em>, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, is a commensal bacterium that is very rarely described in human infections. In this report, we describe a case of soft tissue infection due to <em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em> in a 72-year-old man with comorbidities. He was admitted to the vascular surgery department for the treatment of a gas gangrene of the left foot. The patient received probabilistic antibiotic therapy with metronidazole, ceftriaxone and gentamicin by parenteral route with an amputation of the left leg following critical ischemia of the left lower limb (LLL). Due to the superinfection of the left leg amputation stump, the patient underwent an amputation of the left thigh, followed by multiple debridements of the left thigh amputation stump and drainage of an abscess on the anterior surface of the left thigh in the operating room. A sample of superficial pus was collected intraoperatively for microbiological examination to identify the pathogen and guide therapeutic adjustments. This examination revealed the exclusive presence of <em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em>. The isolate was resistant to the majority of β-lactams, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides. However, it was susceptible at standard dosage to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin-trometamol and nitrofurantoin. The antibiogram highlighted the potential for multi-resistance type ESBL (extended spectrum B-lactamases) which characterizes this bacterium. In addition, <em>Kluyvera spp</em>. have an innate antibiotic resistance mechanism, and it is now accepted that CTX-M are derived from chromosomal beta lactamases of species of the genus <em>Kluyvera</em>. They are part of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). Given the above, the treatment regimen has been adapted according to the results of the antibiogram. The patient received parenteral antibiotic therapy with levofloxacin, and the clinical evolution was favorable. This leads us to discuss the pathogenicity of this germ and its multi-resistant potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}