“Eye see worms on the down Loa”: A case study of microfilarial co-infection

Abstract

Loa loa is an arthropod-transmitted filarial nematode, and one of four pathologically prevalent blood microfilaria associated with human infection. This case report describes an instance of a 41-year-old male diagnosed with Loa loa by peripheral blood smear and subsequently also diagnosed with Onchocerca. Here we describe the clinical course, diagnostic evaluation and treatment considerations when managing potential nematode co-infections. This case also highlights laboratory diagnosis strategies, treatment challenges, and emphasizes a differential diagnosis of chronic infections with neglected tropical infectious agents.