Clinical Microbiology Newsletter最新文献

{"title":"Unusual cause of appendiceal peritonitis: Comamonas kerstersii– A case report and literature review","authors":"Abdessamad Amrani ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Mohammed Lahmer ,&nbsp;Amjad Idrissi ,&nbsp;Yasser Akil ,&nbsp;Elmostapha Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine Ben Lahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Comamonas kerstersii</em> is a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacterium recently described, and its role in serious human infections has been recognized since 2013. In this article, we report the case of a 53-year-old male admitted to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa. Laboratory tests revealed an inflammatory syndrome with CRP at 399.02 mg/L and Procalcitonin at 5.21 ng/mL. An urgent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan was realized, revealing appendiceal peritonitis. The patient underwent an appendectomy and fluid aspiration. The microbiological analysis of the peritoneal fluid led to the identification of <em>Comamonas kerstersii</em> by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The recent discovery of <em>C. kerstersii</em> and the limits of classical phenotypic methods in its detection are probably leading to an underestimated prevalence. More recently, acquired resistance in this bacterium has been reported, requiring systematic susceptibility testing and the rapid adaptation of therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morganella morganii: an opportunistic multidrug-resistant pathogen isolated in ascitic fluid in an old man, case report and literature review","authors":"Ismail Faiz ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Mohammed Lahmer ,&nbsp;Samir Kaddouri ,&nbsp;Elmostafa Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine BenLahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Morganella morganii</em> is commonly found in nature and is also part of the normal intestinal flora in humans and animals. Although typically an opportunistic pathogen, it is rarely isolated in human infections. Infections caused by this bacterium primarily include postoperative wound infections, urinary tract infections, sepsis, abscesses, chorioamnionitis, and cellulitis. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains poses a significant public health concern, as these strains can lead to severe or even fatal infections in vulnerable patients. We report the case of a 94-year-old immunocompromised patient admitted to the emergency department with dyspnea, significant ascites, and prolonged fever. A C-TAP scan revealed chronic liver disease with large-volume ascites. Laboratory tests showed a mild inflammatory response (CRP: 14 mg/L), low prothrombin time (PT: 56%), hypoalbuminemia (19 g/L), pancytopenia, and macrocytic anemia. Cytobacteriological analysis of the ascitic fluid revealed a significant neutrophilic response and the growth of <em>Morganella morganii</em>. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed susceptibility to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, co-trimoxazole, and chloramphenicol, while resistance was observed against penicillins (aminopenicillins, carboxypenicillins, ureidopenicillins), cephalosporins, fosfomycin/trometamol, and aminoglycosides. The multidrug-resistant strain of <em>Morganella morganii</em> in this case demonstrated concerning resistance to most <em>β</em>-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fosfomycin/trometamol. Given its increasingly opportunistic nature, multidrug resistance, and potential to cause severe nosocomial infections, clinicians must consider this bacterium during the diagnostic process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purulent pericarditis caused by Kytococcus schroeteri: Case report and literature review","authors":"Abir Yahyaoui ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Elmostapha Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine Ben Lahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Kytococcus schroeteri</em> is a Gram-positive Cocci, considered a saprophyte of human skin, which can cause severe infections. Diagnosis is difficult due to non-specific clinical manifestations that vary according to the host's immune status and the presence or absence of implantable devices. It appears that this pathogen has the potential to acquire resistance to multiple antibiotic classes, which only exacerbates the challenge of curing it. We report a rare case of <em>K. schroeteri</em> purulent pericarditis in a 40-year-old woman who underwent surgery to implant an implantable catheter chamber in order to receive chemotherapy for her left breast tumor, associated with a pericardial effusion requiring emergency drainage. Microbiological identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) demonstrated the exclusive presence of <em>K. schroeteri</em> from the subculture of the aerobic enrichment broth of the pericardial fluid. Prompt initiation of antibiotic therapy adapted to the results of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing led to clinical and biological improvement, marked by normalization of inflammatory indicators. This case sheds light on an emerging microbiological pathogen with the potential to affect a variety of tissues, putting the vital prognosis at risk, and underlines the need for heightened clinical suspicion and an adapted therapeutic approach in immunocompromised patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scratching the surface: The rise of antifungal-resistant dermatophytes","authors":"Jeremy A.W. Gold,&nbsp;Shawn R. Lockhart","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dermatophytosis (also called ringworm or tinea infection) is a common, contagious superficial infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophyte molds. Historically, clinicians have considered dermatophytosis as a mild, easy-to-treat condition; however, the epidemiology of dermatophytosis has changed dramatically in the past decade because of the emergence of dermatophyte strains causing increasingly severe and difficult-to-treat infections. We review three recently emerged dermatophytes of public health concern: <em>Trichophyton indotineae</em>, which is causing outbreaks of frequently terbinafine-resistant and difficult-to-treat tinea in South Asia, with cases also reported across six continents; <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> genotype VII (TMVII), associated with oral and anogenital tinea infections particularly among men who have sex with men in France and the United States; and terbinafine-resistant <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em>, noted as a cause of difficult-to-treat tinea infections, although data are limited. We discuss practical considerations for identifying these pathogens, which relies on DNA sequencing or MALDI-ToF rather than on morphological characteristics. Additionally, we highlight the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing and practical laboratory considerations. Finally, we emphasize the importance of increased adoption of diagnostic testing for suspected dermatophyte infections, as well as the development of rapid, accurate, and affordable dermatophyte testing methods to help improve diagnostic accuracy and judicious antifungal use. Overall, the emergence of severe and antifungal-resistant dermatophyte infections poses a global public health concern. Clinical microbiologists can play a crucial role in addressing this threat by familiarizing themselves with techniques for identifying emerging dermatophyte species and performing antifungal susceptibility testing to guide patient management, monitor trends, and inform future public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for clinical, public health, industry partnerships and collaborations","authors":"Filipe Cerqueira ,&nbsp;Kristen L. Jurcic Smith ,&nbsp;Kara J. Levinson ,&nbsp;Diana R. Hernández ,&nbsp;Andrea M. Prinzi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the phenotypic detection of streptococcus Pneumoniae from clinical samples in low resource settings","authors":"Hafeez Aderinsayo Adekola ,&nbsp;Tajudeen Bamidele ,&nbsp;Emelda Chukwu ,&nbsp;Muinah Fowora ,&nbsp;Sola Ajibaye ,&nbsp;Abideen Salako ,&nbsp;Zaidat Musa ,&nbsp;Oliver Ezechi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenotypic detection of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> in clinical samples, particularly those collected from infants, is vital for understanding its epidemiology and improving disease management. However, despite advancements in laboratory techniques, achieving optimal yield of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> remains a significant challenge. This paper explores the primary obstacles that compromise the effective recovery of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> from clinical samples and suggests potential strategies for improvement. One of the key issues identified are the effect of various sampling, transportation and storage techniques on the overall bacteria yield. Factors such as improper sample collection methods, inappropriate use or lack of use of transport media, and delays in processing can significantly diminish the viability of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>. In addition, the choice of culture media and conditions, while critical, may not always support the optimal growth of the bacterium, leading to false-negative results or underestimation of bacterial load. There is a need for a re-evaluation of current protocols, emphasizing the need for standardized procedures that are tailored to the specific requirements of pneumococcal detection. Further research into developing more resilient and specific culture media and better training for healthcare professionals involved in sample collection and processing should be encouraged. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy, guiding effective treatment strategies, and ultimately reducing the burden of pneumococcal disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chikungunya: The silent threat in the shadows","authors":"Ambreen Talib ,&nbsp;Rabbya Rayan Shah ,&nbsp;Rameen Atique ,&nbsp;Hafiza Arshi Saeed ,&nbsp;Ayesha Haidar ,&nbsp;Ayesha Nadeem ,&nbsp;Areesha Naveed ,&nbsp;Javeria Sharif ,&nbsp;Ayesha Muazzam ,&nbsp;Abdul Samad","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is mostly related to arboviruses that cause serious public health threats. CHIKV belongs to the family <em>Togaviridae</em> and genus <em>Alphavirus, the cause of chikungunya</em> fever (CHIKF), an arthritogenic disease. Its distinguishing feature is intense arthralgia that lasts for months and even years in susceptible persons. CHIKF is a re-emerging disease that has occurred as an epidemic in Africa across Asia and America in recent decades and has caused global health threats, leading to outbreaks that impact millions of people. Pathogenesis of CHIKV has been researched for &gt;50 years, but no evidence has led to the development of vaccines or drugs. Current management involves reliving symptoms by supportive care to improve the quality of patients’ lives. The ongoing outbreaks of CHIKV show that there is a crying need to understand the pathogenesis of CHIKV. It is important to comprehend CHKIV to develop prevention and control measures for the spread of the disease. This review aims to provide comprehensive knowledge about CHIKV, shedding light on its host-related factors, vector-related factors, and complicated interactions of viral genetics. By following these complex interactions, this review aims to communicate the studies and research about CHIKV, offering strategies that lead to more effective prevention and control measures for this re-emerging global health threat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of Orientia Tsutsugamushi (Scrub Typhus): Essential information on causes, symptoms, and care","authors":"Neetesh Jindal ,&nbsp;Kumar Abhishek ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Manas Ranjan Dikhit ,&nbsp;Roshan Kamal Topno ,&nbsp;Krishna Pandey ,&nbsp;Ganesh Chandra Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scrub typhus is a disease caused by the bacteria <em>Orientia tsutsugamushi</em>, spread primarily by chiggers, which are larval mites. These mites are commonly found in Southeast Asia, including countries like India, Indonesia, and Thailand. The disease is often hard to diagnose because its symptoms—fever, headache, muscle pain, and stomach issues—are similar to other illnesses. A key sign of scrub typhus is an “eschar,” a sore that appears at the bite site. Without treatment, which typically involves antibiotics like doxycycline or azithromycin, the disease can lead to severe complications such as sepsis, shock, and multi-organ failure, with a high mortality rate. Scrub typhus has been documented in various regions, with historical records dating back to the 19th century in China. Despite advances in treatment regimen since World War II, no vaccine is available. Diagnostic methods include serological tests and PCR techniques to detect the bacteria. Preventive measures focus on avoiding areas where chiggers are prevalent and using insect repellent. Even if the scrub typhus fever has been reported from regions such as Japan to northern Australia and the Arabian Peninsula, Indian people from different parts are suffering from this endemic disease and doxycycline has become the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus fever. Clinical diagnosis of scrub typhus and research related to this endemic disease must be assorted as the scrub typhus may become resistant to the current treatment regimen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft tissue infection with multidrug-resistant Kluyvera ascorbata of extended-spectrum bêta-lactamase type (CTX-M): Case report and literature review","authors":"Samir Kaddouri ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Ouahiba Hafhaf ,&nbsp;Ismail Faiz ,&nbsp;Amjad Idrissi ,&nbsp;Omar El Mahi ,&nbsp;Elmostapha Benaissa ,&nbsp;Yassine Ben Lahlou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Elouennass ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em>, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, is a commensal bacterium that is very rarely described in human infections. In this report, we describe a case of soft tissue infection due to <em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em> in a 72-year-old man with comorbidities. He was admitted to the vascular surgery department for the treatment of a gas gangrene of the left foot. The patient received probabilistic antibiotic therapy with metronidazole, ceftriaxone and gentamicin by parenteral route with an amputation of the left leg following critical ischemia of the left lower limb (LLL). Due to the superinfection of the left leg amputation stump, the patient underwent an amputation of the left thigh, followed by multiple debridements of the left thigh amputation stump and drainage of an abscess on the anterior surface of the left thigh in the operating room. A sample of superficial pus was collected intraoperatively for microbiological examination to identify the pathogen and guide therapeutic adjustments. This examination revealed the exclusive presence of <em>Kluyvera ascorbata</em>. The isolate was resistant to the majority of β-lactams, aminoglycosides and sulfonamides. However, it was susceptible at standard dosage to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin-trometamol and nitrofurantoin. The antibiogram highlighted the potential for multi-resistance type ESBL (extended spectrum B-lactamases) which characterizes this bacterium. In addition, <em>Kluyvera spp</em>. have an innate antibiotic resistance mechanism, and it is now accepted that CTX-M are derived from chromosomal beta lactamases of species of the genus <em>Kluyvera</em>. They are part of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). Given the above, the treatment regimen has been adapted according to the results of the antibiogram. The patient received parenteral antibiotic therapy with levofloxacin, and the clinical evolution was favorable. This leads us to discuss the pathogenicity of this germ and its multi-resistant potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phage therapy to treat unresponsive infections: A primer for the clinical microbiology laboratory staff","authors":"Josephine M. Davey-Young ,&nbsp;Dinuri D. Punchihewa ,&nbsp;Bernadette Ng ,&nbsp;Jenna Wong ,&nbsp;Greg J. German","doi":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increase in antimicrobial resistance and subsequent need for alternatives to traditional antibiotics, phage therapy (PT) has gained a renewed interest. Much like antibiotics, bacteriophages or simply phages, have shown promise in eradicating bacterial infections; however, their fundamental differences require specific laboratory protocols and practices. As bacterial-specific viruses, they must be detected, replicated, and purified for safety and efficacy. The narrow spectrum of activity of phages provides a targeted approach to infection but also necessitates expansive libraries and susceptibility testing to match phages to bacteria. Such testing is not standardized, complicating both research and clinical efforts. This review then provides a background on PT in the clinical microbiology laboratory and an overview of such protocols and practices specific to PT, such as classic susceptibility testing methods and updated approaches. Also covered are the challenges and future directions for the field, as well as resources for clinical and research laboratory personnel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39211,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Newsletter","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 48-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}