Peritoneal Tuberculosis: Navigating diagnostic challenges

Abstract

Peritoneal Tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon manifestation of a mycobacterial infection, typically observed in immunocompromised individuals and/or those residing in endemic regions. Usually, patients will contract pulmonary TB, which results in dissemination or reactivation of latent infection months to years following the initial infection. Here, we present a case of peritoneal TB diagnosed in an immunocompetent patient devoid of recent travel history and with negative pulmonary findings. This case highlights the importance of considering peritoneal TB in the differential diagnosis, even in immunocompetent individuals with no apparent risk factors, highlighting the complexity and variability of TB presentations.