Sagir Akhtar , Adil Aziz Khan , Geet Bhuyan , Sumanta Das
{"title":"Fine needle aspiration cytology of epithelioid sarcoma: A case series with histopathological correlation and literature review","authors":"Sagir Akhtar , Adil Aziz Khan , Geet Bhuyan , Sumanta Das","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumour that occurs in young adults and adolescents. Few documented series have elucidated the cytopathological features and immunostaining results of epithelioid sarcoma. Here, we present one of the largest series documenting 15 cases of ES.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Archives of cytology and histopathology have been searched for data on epithelioid sarcoma from the past 10 years. Only cases with histopathological records and immunohistochemistry follow-up have been included.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Out of the 27 cases of ES in our database, 15 had both cytology and corresponding histopathology. Of these 15 cases, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) was indicated for primary diagnosis in 4 cases, for recurrent settings in 5 cases, and metastatic settings in 6 cases. Immunohistochemistry was correlated wherever available. In 8 cases, retrospective immunohistochemistry was performed for confirmation of epithelioid sarcoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>FNAC is a valuable tool in the recurrent and metastatic settings of epithelioid sarcoma. However, for primary diagnosis, it is helpful but not diagnostic, as various morphologies can be observed and several differential diagnoses must be taken into account.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100831"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesc Tresserra , Isabel Colmenero , Mar Iglesias , Luis Ortega , Jordi Temprana-Salvador , Antonio Martínez Lorente , Carme Dinares , Empar Mayordomo , Maria Dolores Lozano , Xavier Matias Guiu , Santiago Ramon y Cajal
{"title":"Management of second opinions in pathology: Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Anatomical Pathology (SEAP). Second opinions in pathology","authors":"Francesc Tresserra , Isabel Colmenero , Mar Iglesias , Luis Ortega , Jordi Temprana-Salvador , Antonio Martínez Lorente , Carme Dinares , Empar Mayordomo , Maria Dolores Lozano , Xavier Matias Guiu , Santiago Ramon y Cajal","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>As diagnostic complexity in pathology increases, mainly in cancer diagnoses, the demand for second opinions from specialized and highly qualified centres also increases. There is a certain lack of uniformity in the criteria for carrying out these consultations, managing the material under review, and the responses from the consultant centre.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>In order to establish recommendations on the aspects to be considered both by the pathologist or referring centre and by the pathologist or consultant centre, a group of experts from the Spanish Society of Anatomical Pathology conducted a literature review of guidelines and recommendations from other societies and relevant published articles. Based on this review, consensus criteria have been established.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Recommendations are provided on how second opinions in pathology should be managed by both the referring and consultant pathologists, including aspects of material submission and funding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Second opinions should be carried out following standardized guidelines for both the referring and consultant pathologists, covering referral, management of discrepancies, and funding to ensure a consistent system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatima El Agy , Sara Bahja , Mohammed El Abkari , Sidi Adil Ibrahimi , Karima El Rhazi , Laila Chbani , Nada Lahmidani
{"title":"The implications of COX-2 and HER2 protein expression for the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients: An exploratory study from the North African region","authors":"Fatima El Agy , Sara Bahja , Mohammed El Abkari , Sidi Adil Ibrahimi , Karima El Rhazi , Laila Chbani , Nada Lahmidani","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The prognostic value of COX-2 and HER2 protein overexpression in colorectal cancer remains controversial and has not previously been evaluated in North Africa. In this study, we investigated the association between COX-2 and HER2 overexpression, clinicopathological features and patient survival.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy patients with stage I–IV colon adenocarcinoma were prospectively and retrospectively included in this study between 2016 and 2021. The expression of COX-2 and HER2 proteins was evaluated using tissue microarrays (4<!--> <!-->μm). Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) outcomes were compared according to COX-2 and HER2 expression status using the Kaplan–Meier method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Positive expression of COX-2 and HER2 proteins was observed in 58 (82.9%) and 2 (2.9%) cases, respectively. COX-2 expression was associated with female sex, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, and poor overall survival. HER2 expression was mainly associated with younger age, presence of positive LN and LN ratios, increased recurrence, and lower recurrence-free survival rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the prognostic impact of COX-2 and HER2 expression in patients with colorectal cancer. The association of clinicopathological features with COX-2 and HER2 expression suggests the need to incorporate these two biomarkers into the pathomolecular classification of colorectal cancer. Based on survival analysis, COX-2 and HER2 expression were associated with shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival in patients with colorectal cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Agredano-Ávila , Francisco Javier Velasco-Albendea , María Jesús Gil-Belmonte , Juan José Cruz-Rueda , Andrés López-Pardo
{"title":"Importance of the pathologist in sample management at the sampling site in an interventional pulmonology unit: ROSE, EBUS-TBNA and EBUS-TBLNC","authors":"Beatriz Agredano-Ávila , Francisco Javier Velasco-Albendea , María Jesús Gil-Belmonte , Juan José Cruz-Rueda , Andrés López-Pardo","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jairo Fuentes-Carrascal , Beatriz Orozco-Sebá , Esperanza Meléndez-Ramírez , Claudia Montoya-Maya , José Tovar-Berardinelli , Juan Marchán-Cárdenas , Jesús Pérez-García
{"title":"Metastatic cellular neurothekeoma arising over a vaccination scar: A case report and literature review","authors":"Jairo Fuentes-Carrascal , Beatriz Orozco-Sebá , Esperanza Meléndez-Ramírez , Claudia Montoya-Maya , José Tovar-Berardinelli , Juan Marchán-Cárdenas , Jesús Pérez-García","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular neurothekeoma is a rare non-melanocytic skin neoplasm, considered benign and more common in children and young adults, primarily affecting the healthy skin of the head, neck, and scapular region. Based on the morphological findings of the initially reported cases, it was thought to originate from neural sheath cells. Clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical correlation studies have demonstrated its dermal origin and the absence of neural markers, suggesting a fibrohistiocytic origin, though its histogenesis remains uncertain. They present as slow-growing, self-limiting dermal nodules with exceptional recurrence and very low metastatic potential.</div><div>We present the case of a child with a reddish, firm, asymptomatic nodule on a vaccination scar on the right shoulder, which was excised, after which an ipsilateral axillary mass developed. The histopathological examination of both lesions revealed a neoplasm with morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics consistent with metastatic cutaneous cellular neurothekeoma in a regional lymph node.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Ángel Idoate Gastearena , Santiago Nieto Llanos
{"title":"Subspecialisation in Pathology with the Advent of Digitalisation and Telepathology: Opportunity or Threat?","authors":"Miguel Ángel Idoate Gastearena , Santiago Nieto Llanos","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clara Marti-Macia , Lara Navarro , Teresa San-Miguel , Javier Megias , Javier Carbonell-Zamorano , Moisés Sanchez-Pardo , Esther Roselló-Sastre
{"title":"Next generation sequencing unravels a gliosarcoma mimicking cerebral osteosarcoma","authors":"Clara Marti-Macia , Lara Navarro , Teresa San-Miguel , Javier Megias , Javier Carbonell-Zamorano , Moisés Sanchez-Pardo , Esther Roselló-Sastre","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a case of a woman with recurrent headaches and nausea. Following initial surgery, the pathological diagnosis suggested primary cerebral osteosarcoma. However, despite osteosarcoma-directed chemotherapy, the patient experienced recurrence. A comprehensive diagnostic revision, including next generation sequencing, revealed mutations typical of glioblastoma. These findings highlight the challenges in the differential diagnosis of gliosarcoma, especially when the typical alternating biphasic pattern is not clearly present. The recurrent tumour displayed extensive chondroblastic osteosarcoma-like areas surrounded by glial tissue with vascular proliferation and atypical glial cells leading to a diagnosis of gliosarcoma. Our findings highlight the benefits of using NGS to assist pathologists in accurately diagnosing brain tumours, particularly in challenging cases. This approach is consistent with the progressive updates introduced by the WHO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Granular cell tumour of the breast: An uncommon benign lesion with suspicious radiological features. Case report and literature review","authors":"Sonia García-Fuertes , José Ignacio Franco-Rubio","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Granular cell tumour is an uncommon benign lesion of neural lineage, associated with <em>ATP6AP1</em> and <em>ATP6AP2</em> inactivating mutations (endosomal pH regulators). These tumours typically develop in the head and neck region, particularly in the tongue, and are rarely found in the mammary gland, with an estimated incidence of 1:1000 of all breast tumours. They have similar clinical and radiological features, that usually mimic malignant lesions with spiculated margins. Histologically, they present a characteristic morphology, which may require differential diagnosis from other granular cell entities, including benign conditions (such as histiocyte-rich inflammatory reactions) and malignant neoplasms such as the histiocytoid variant of lobular carcinoma or apocrine carcinoma. We present a case of granular cell tumour of the breast, radiologically classified as BI-RADS 5, to highlight the importance of morphological and immunohistochemical studies for establishing a definitive diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela Alejandra García Alonso , Moisés Salamanca García , María Edith Salgado Alday
{"title":"Ectopic thyroid tissue in the mandible: Case report","authors":"Daniela Alejandra García Alonso , Moisés Salamanca García , María Edith Salgado Alday","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare condition, with an estimated prevalence of 1 case per 300,000 individuals. The lingual region is the most common site of ectopia. To date, only two cases of ectopic thyroid tissue in the mandibular bone have been reported.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical case</h3><div>A 62-year-old woman presented with oedema and pain in the lower left second molar, which had progressively worsened and did not improve despite analgesic treatment. As an initial diagnostic approach, an orthopantomogram was performed, revealing extensive destruction of the left mandible. A biopsy of the affected area was subsequently obtained. Histological examination identified thyroid tissue within the bone trabeculae, consisting of thyroid follicles with colloid content.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The diagnosis of ectopic thyroid is uncommon and often challenging to establish. It is therefore essential to be aware of the various clinical manifestations and possible locations of ectopia in order to achieve accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leticia Gracia Sáenz , Svetlana Shalygina , Reyes Roca , Samanta Ortuño , Jose Luis Soto , Maria Tasso , Ana Beatriz Sánchez , Artemio Payá , Cristina Alenda
{"title":"Identification of germline mutations in DICER1 through routine somatic NGS analysis in various neoplasms","authors":"Leticia Gracia Sáenz , Svetlana Shalygina , Reyes Roca , Samanta Ortuño , Jose Luis Soto , Maria Tasso , Ana Beatriz Sánchez , Artemio Payá , Cristina Alenda","doi":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.patol.2025.100834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DICER1 syndrome is a genetic disorder that predisposes individuals to developing a wide variety of neoplasms with different histopathological characteristics across a broad age range. This study presents three clinical cases: a newborn with a chondromesenchymal hamartoma, an adolescent with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix, and a woman with pineoblastoma. In all the tumours, a routine next-generation sequencing (NGS) study detected a mutation in the DICER1 gene, suggestive of germline involvement, which was later confirmed in peripheral blood using Sanger sequencing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39194,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Patologia","volume":"58 4","pages":"Article 100834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}