Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History最新文献

{"title":"EDUCATION OF ZHYTOMYR IN THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL DIMENSION (FIRST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURIES)","authors":"Olesia V. Cherkashyna, Natalia Mozgalova, Mykhailo Vovchok","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.258046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.258046","url":null,"abstract":"This article is the result of trying to reveal some aspects of the activity of vocational schools and art educational institutions in Zhytomyr, Volyn province in the Ukrainian context of the first third of the 20th century. Based on the analysis of archival documents, the authors have found that during this period vocational schools (Industrial, Land Management, Trade and Cooperative, Jewish, Medical School, Handicraft Boarding School, etc.) were found, 4 and 7-year Labour Schools, among which there were Ukrainian, Jewish, Russian, Polish, as well as art institutions. The activity of educational institutions is examined, the peculiarities of their functioning are described, in particular, material and technical condition, national, social and quantitative composition of students, teaching staff, academic disciplines, forms and methods of teaching, etc. It is proved that one of the most required educational institutions of the first third of the 20th century was the vocational school of Land Management, where children of the poor had the opportunity to study. It was established that the funding was provided from the fund of special funds and the local budget, in addition a scholarship was paid from the state and local budgets. It was also established that there were difficult working conditions at the Industrial Vocational School and also at the Handicraft and Industrial Boarding School. In particular, there was a lack of equipment, premises, accessories for laboratories and offices, etc. The authors examined the conditions of activity of the Trade and Cooperative Vocational School, which unlike many educational institutions of Zhytomyr during its short-term existence, had its own premises with furniture, library, equipped offices, hot breakfasts, scholarship fund, etc. An important centre of art education was a music school, a music vocational school, Music College, a ballet studio, a technical school of arts and others. Based on the study of archival records the article covered some aspects of the ballet studio, the music school and the music vocational school, where children from low-income families studied (there were piano, violin, cello, vocal, vocal, wind instruments classes) as well as the College of Arts. The level of training, direction, study conditions in the College of Arts differed significantly from the music vocational school. It was time to train instrumentalists, vocalists and choir directors. It was during this period that artistic and cultural centres were created, which contributed to the development of choral culture, as well as string and brass bands and so on. This was a period of intensification of the Ukrainian national movement, cultural and educational societies and public organizations.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125746437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BISHOP'S AND MONASTERY SPHRAGES OF 1690 – 1735, AS A SOURCE FOR THE STUDY OF HISTORY OF MARAMOROSH ORTHODOX DIOCESE AND THE MARAMOROSH UNION VICARIATE","authors":"Olexandr Monych, Ivan Miskov","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257462","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines sphragistic sources directly related to the activities of the Maramorosh Orthodox Diocese and the Maramorosh Union Vicariate of the late XVII – first half of the XVIII century. With the help of auxiliary disciplines, the authors attempt to fill in the \"white spots\" in the pages of church history of the region. The period of the history of the Mukachevo diocese chosen for study is characterized by the institutional development of two new dioceses, which separated from the ancient Mukachevo diocese - Mukachevo Greek Catholic and the new – Maramorosh Orthodox Diocese. As a result of the active proselytizing activity of the episcopate in 1723, the former of these units created a union vicariate in the Maramorosh County, which in time acquired the status of a diocese. The active development phase of both ecclesiastical units lasted from 1690 to 1730. During this period, vital institutional processes took place, which contributed to forming and establishing two countег centers. The results of the research article innovatively present the vision and analysis of sources that are inextricably linked to the formation of two church centers. Based on the elaborated episcopal and monastic sphragis, new adjustments are made to the existing paradigms of administration and management of dioceses. The detailed methodology opens a wide field for discussion and further study of the history of the Church in Transcarpathia in this period. The principles of heuristics used in the study allow us to look in a new way at individual processes in the construction of ecclesiastical centers. These include episcopal ordinations of monks, de facto jurisdictional statuses of vicars, processes of concluding land lease and loan agreements, monastic epistolary heritage, diocesan activities to open new monasteries and renovate the leading segment of existing ones, the reaction of parishes during the introduction of the union in Maramorosh, etc. At the same time, the analysis of monastic and episcopal sphragis also allows for a broader analysis and research of the specific topic of the development of the document flow of dioceses, the legal component in the formation of dioceses, and the formation of their church-canonical status. In addition, the topic significantly develops sphragistics directly as a science in terms of its narrow specialization in the study of church-administrative components and their development. Discovered and processed documents state the fact that church sphragistics in this period was in the process of self-development, identification, verification, improvement, and legitimacy, which required the then church situation.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129783637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVERCOMING THE CRISIS IN THE TRIANGLE (CSR-KSCS-SOC) AND THE APPOINTMENT OF A DELEGATE TO SUBCARPATHIAN RUS' IN DECEMBER 1926","authors":"Yu.V. Danylets","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.258203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.258203","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the problem of institutional development of the Orthodox Church in Subcarpathian Rus' in the second half of 1926. The author examines the diplomatic negotiations between the governments of Czechoslovakia (hereinafter - CSR) and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (hereinafter - KSCS), with the leadership of the Serbian Orthodox Church (hereinafter - SOC) and representatives of the Orthodox communities in Subcarpathian Rus'. Particular attention is paid to the persistent demands of the SOC to preserve its rights to elect and appoint bishops. Based on a study of archival documents, the author established that the government in Prague, following the Austro-Hungarian policy, sought to take control of the selection of candidates and the approval of bishops. The article summarizes new material on the research topic and introduces many documents from the Serbian and Czech archives into scientific circulation. Among them are decisions of the Synod of the SOC, internal correspondence of the Synod with the Council of the SOC, personal correspondence of bishops with the patriarch and leaders of the Orthodox movement in Subcarpathian Rus', diplomatic correspondence between Czechoslovakia and KSCS, secret correspondence sent in Belgrade with the Prague Ministry. The article also examines the critical stages of agreeing on the candidacy of the SOC delegate for Orthodox communities of Serbian jurisdiction in the province, who was instructed to complete the development of the diocesan statute and achieve official recognition of Orthodox in the country. The opinion that the most acceptable candidate for Prague was the sinkel Damaskin (Grdanichka), the ordination of which was postponed by the dignitaries of the SOC, is substantiated. Instead, Bishop Irenaeus (Chirich) of Novosad-Bachka was delegated to Subcarpathian Rus', an experienced church figure who managed to prepare the ground for the institutional completion of the Orthodox Church in the autonomy.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"40 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114325983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABOLITION OF THE JESUIT ORDER (THE SOCIETY OF JESUS) AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE UZHHOROD JESUIT COLLEGIUM","authors":"O. Ferkov","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257011","url":null,"abstract":"The Jesuit Order is one of the most high-powered religious orders in early modern history. From the Order's foundation until its liquidation, the whole of Europe had a network of monasteries, collegiums, and universities. The liquidation of the Order arose the questions of spiritual and educational succession and the fate of movable and immovable property of the Society of Jesus. The abolition of the Order had significant consequences both for the whole organization and for individual components, namely educational institutions (collegiums, universities), for all Order members from the head (general) to the paters, fathers in individual missions. The author considers the reasons for the liquidation of the Society of Jesus. The author also tries to find out how it affected the situation of the Uzhhorod Jesuit Collegium, what happened with the Order's property, and what was the fate of the paters and masters who were providing the functioning of the institution in Uzhhorod. Based on available sources, the author states that after the announcement of the dismissal of the Society of Jesus (1773), the Uzhhorod Collegium continued to work as usual for two years. At first, the property was transferred to the newly created Educational Fund. Later, Empress Maria Theresa donated a part of it to the canonized shortly before (1771) Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo. The official transfer of the Jesuit buildings, castle, and library funds to the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo took place on August 1, 1775. For almost two centuries, from donations or ransoms from local nobles, Uzhhorod Jesuits received land estates, forests, vineyards, meadows, various buildings, mills, etc. After the dissolution of the Order, the majority of lands were given to the educational fund, then sold. Its proceeds were used for the needs of the educational fund.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"42 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131501031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL EFFORTS OF CARPATHO-UKRAINIAN STUDENTS DURING 1939 – 1943: CZECHOSLOVAK HERITAGE IN THE TIMES OF THE KINGDOM OF HUNGARY (BASED ON PERIODICALS AND MEMOIRS)","authors":"Kostiantyn Kutsov, L. Pavlyshyn","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257195","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the achievements of Ukrainian and foreign historiography, as well as an analysis of a significant database of published sources (periodicals, memoirs, etc.), the article analyzes the attempts of Carpatho-Ukrainian students to organize their public activities in the period after the break-up of Czechoslovakia and integration of the Transcarpathia into the Kingdom of Hungary. The analyzed material makes it possible to assert that the Carpatho-Ukrainian student movement, formed during the Czechoslovak Republic, had an inevitable logical continuation in a new reality. During this period, several Carpatho-Ukrainian student associations operated in the Kingdom of Hungary. In particular, in 1940, the «Центральный Союзъ Русскихъ Студентовъ» (Central Union of Russian Students) was established. Its backbone was formed by activists of Russophile student organizations of the Czechoslovak Republic. Due to its own national and linguistic orientation, its structure was not legalized. Still, it operated de facto for the next few years, uniting small groups of students in Debrecen, Budapest, Pécs, Sopron, and Szeged. In 1941, after a long preparatory process, the \"Society of Subcarpathian Rus Higher Education Students\" (\"Kárpátaljai Ruszin Egyetemi és Főiskolai Hallgatók Egyesülete\") was formed in Debrecen. The organization followed the official course of \"Ugro-Rusynism\" and, for some time, was under the care of the Regent's Commissariat of the Carpathian Territory. Many student activists from the Czechoslovak period were also members of the executive board. At the same time, ideological orientation and loyalty to the Hungarian authorities caused apathy among a large part of the students. As a result, the society failed to expand its activities to other educational centers in the country. At the same time, during this period, there were attempts to involve Carpatho-Ukrainian students in international fellowship organizations (Debrecen Felvidéki Egyetemi és Főiskolai Hallgatók Egyesülete) and to establish informal creative associations (\"Budapest club\"). At the same time, the government's attempts to interfere in the student movement mainly met with resistance from the activists meanwhile strengthening their (students') opposition.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116663186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAX REGISTER OF ZOLOCHIV ESTATE IN LVIV LAND FROM 1598","authors":"B. Smereka","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257266","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of a source on the history of Lviv land of Ruthenian Voivodeship – the tax register of Zolochiv private estate from 1598. So far, this is the only identified register of settlements that certifies that tax collection in the Kingdom of Poland was performed in that year. In the fund of the Crown Treasure Archive of the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw (where most of the land tax registers are kept), no tax register for 1598 has been found. The researched document represents the list of 57 settlements in the eastern part of Lviv land, united into a single private estate with its center in the town of Zolochiv. During the 16th century, it belonged to the Górka, Czarnkowski, and Zborowski families. Shortly after the tax collection in 1598, Marek Sobieski, the grandfather of King Jan III Sobieski of Poland, became the estate owner. The register, along with the names of settlements, lists specific categories of the population, infrastructure facilities, the number of houses (in Zolochiv), the area of settlements in the „aratra” („plows”; an archaic unit of measurement), as well as the amount of tax. In the process of comparing the information presented in the document with similar data in other tax registers of Lviv land of the second half of the 16th century, a number of features were revealed. Thus, the register from 1598 provides incomplete information about local infrastructure (no data on taverns and distilleries; churches are mentioned only twice) and specific categories of the population (no rural artisans) but contains the first mentions of several settlements (Dumivtsi, Pudlivtsi, Tovstiv) and change of their status (the town of Adrinopil, which became a village). The article is accompanied by the publication of the document based on a copy in the book of the Lviv City Court, which is stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. The names of settlements are identified in square brackets.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125547092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PHENOMENON OF UKRAINIAN DIASPORIC CINEMA IN THE CONTEXT OF CANADIAN MULTICULTURALISM POLICY","authors":"Anatoliy Bodrug","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257132","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the genesis and development of Ukrainian cinema in the conditions of being outside the ethnic territory. The author explores cinema as one of the essential aspects of the national and cultural movement of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada from the second quarter of the 20th – to the beginning of the 21st century. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of Canadian multiculturalism and its role in the development of both Anglo-French and Ukrainian cultural traditions. The relevance of this work is related to the current geopolitical, economic and cultural state of Ukraine in the world. Today, in the conditions of military aggression, ethnic genocide, and information chauvinism, which caused a new wave of Ukrainian emigration, it is necessary to take steps to preserve the national heritage and acquaint the world community with the achievements and urgent needs of Ukraine. Therefore, cultural and strategic cooperation between Ukraine and Canada is too important. This publication summarizes the main aspects of the history of Ukrainian and Canadian cinema, formulates standard and distinctive features of Western – Anglo-Saxon, French, and East Slavic – Ukrainian film tradition, analyzes various manifestations of Ukrainian diaspora cinema in Canada, and studies acculturation trends. We included the necessary source base to achieve this goal, containing Canadian and Ukrainian periodicals, the vast majority of which were put into scientific circulation for the first time. Based on carefully studied relevant historiography, the author draws the appropriate conclusions necessary for the entire disclosure of the topic of the scientific article. It is essential to compare the vision of the creative process from the standpoint of historians, cultural study researchers, and artists - actors, directors, and screenwriters who have influenced the development of domestic and foreign cinema. The article's methodology consists of analysis, historical-comparative, and historical-genetic methods. The object of the work is the culture of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, and the subject is the analysis of the history and development of Ukrainian cinema in Canada as a multicultural state. This article attempts to supplement and summarize various aspects of the problem.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129566961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPERIAL IDEOLOGY AS A PRINCIPLE OF MODERNIZATION OF THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Y. Bevzyuk, Olga Kotlar","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257053","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study. The topic's relevance has been caused by the fact that research on S. Uvarov's ideological heritage was done mainly within the Marxist paradigm from the standpoint of social and class competition for many years. The Soviet historical science argued that imperial education had served the interests of autocracy; therefore, it had adopted the idea of Official Nationality. At the same time, historians quite carefully omitted the fact that S.S. Uvarov had laid the ideological tool for organizing the linguistic and cultural assimilation of the peoples of the Russian Empire. Scientific novelty. There has recently been a tendency to study the complicated bureaucratic and intellectual heritage of S. Uvarov (C.H. Whittaker, R. Wortman, E.D. Dneprov, A. Miller). Such attention has been related to a growing interest of contemporaries in the philosophy of conservatism with the intensification of national processes. The research aims to clarify the content and objectives of Uvarov's conservative and ideological doctrine, which became «an intellectual weapon» of modernization of the educational sphere and part of the domestic imperial national policy. The object of research is the ideological system of the Russian autocracy. The subject is S. Uvarov's intellectual heritage, specifically his Official Nationality program, which provided an algorithm for the «evolutionary» correlation of the ideological foundation of the Russian educational environment for many years. Conclusion. Hence, Uvarov took his place in the history of the empire not just as a talented bureaucrat and reformer of the educational environment but as a politician who tried to emancipate the Russian national consciousness against the background of the imperial ideology, in the key of loyalty to the autocracy. His Triad served to ideologize society to maintain control over the public. Uvarov's proclamation of the Official Nationality program contrasted the uncontrolled spread of materialistic and liberal ideas with a conscious conservative barrier in the form of strengthening bureaucratic regulation in the sphere of education. Within the domestic policy of state nationalism framework, the minister combined «public education» «with the spirit of Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality».","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115691959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PLACE OF THE FERTILITY PHENOMENON IN THE CYCLE OF FUNERAL RITES","authors":"O. Kukharenko","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257502","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to studying fertility, which is carried out using the constructed structure of the cycle of funeral rites and the results of research performed by predecessors. The scheme of the funeral cycle was created within the framework of structural and functional analysis, and the results of the research were obtained due to other methods, mainly semiotic, semantic, and structural-semantic. The connection with fertility can be traced in actions that use bread, grain, and other attributes of polyphoria, as well as in those that are in one way or another related to erotic and sexual orientation and reflect the remnants of ritual marriage with the deceased, phallus and vulva cults. A coffin with a dead body placed in it is like a grain thrown into the ground during sowing. As the grain dies in the ground, sprouting for a new harvest, so the buried must be reborn for new and eternal life in the cult of ancestors to help and support living descendants and heirs. The ritual actions of the funeral cycle have a threefold meaning, which lies in removing the dead body from the territory of the alive, burying it in the ground for further revival, bringing the dead to the afterlife, and including him in the cult of ancestors. At the same time, all three goals of funeral rites are superimposed on each other and form a complex configuration that is part of the people’s worldview of life and death, reality and the afterlife, entering and exiting the rite. Thus, the basis of funeral ritualism, at least at the level of primitive folk worldview, is fertility as a cult and phenomenon. Fertility on which depends, on the one hand, on human reproduction and, on the other – the cultivation of crops; in both cases, it is a matter of prolonging the life of the nation. As a result of the research, it was established that the structure of the funeral cycle of rites gives only a partial reflection of the elements of sacralization of fertility, as it is based on a universal version of rites, which is characteristic of the vast majority of regions and ethnographic districts of Ukraine. For a more detailed study, the structure of each individual region should be created.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127021916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FAKES AND PROPAGANDA IN THE INFORMATION STRUGGLE OF THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES WITH THE OUN (B)","authors":"Lidiia Fedyk","doi":"10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.256958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.256958","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to analyze the content and methods of presenting fakes in the information struggle of the Soviet government against the nationalist movement. Dialectical, systemic, and structural-functional methods were used for the complex study of the research goal. The article analyzes the destructive use of the press as a tool of information warfare. The following components of Soviet propaganda were established: 1) the object of informational influence was the individual and group consciousness of the population of the USSR; 2) the goal was to neutralize the influence of the OUN and the planting of communist ideology; 3) fixed assets – propaganda, misinformation, manipulation, fakes. The content of the main propaganda narratives of the Soviet press is described. The press has become one of the means of manipulating and internally controlling the public opinion of the population of the USSR. In the information confrontation, the Soviet authorities formed a branching infrastructure. The means used by Soviet propaganda ranged from half-truths to outright lies. One of the principal fakes was identifying the Ukrainian nationalist movement with German Nazism, which aimed to create stereotypes in the minds of the Ukrainian population, an attempt to form an image of the internal enemy, which is under external control. This basic narrative was divided into narrower plot lines, including the «kulak» origin of the members of the OUN (b) and, accordingly, the hostile attitude of nationalists to the majority of the population of the USSR. One of the tasks of the Soviet press was to disorganize the OUN (b), which was achieved through the publication in newspapers of numerous appeals and letters from former OUN members, data on the successful activities of Soviet security forces with the nationalist movement. The specificity of Soviet propaganda was the consideration of the religious factor in creating fake information, which was to improve the perception of the population of Western Ukraine of the simplified and distorted information broadcast by the Soviet authorities.","PeriodicalId":390649,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History","volume":"313 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114415200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}