Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie最新文献

{"title":"Proposal of limit values for surface contamination by cytotoxic drugs in pharmacies and hospitals.","authors":"Lenka Doležalová, Lucie Bláhová, Jan Kuta, Tereza Hojdarová, Luděk Bláha","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cytotoxic drugs (cytostatics), widely used in the treatment of not only cancer diseases, are substances with potentially dangerous properties for healthcare personnel. Long-term daily exposure to cytostatics is associated with the possible manifestation of their genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. Handling of these drugs (during receipt, storage, preparation, packaging, transport, administration) can lead to contamination of the workplace and thus to exposure of healthcare personnel present.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of our work was to propose, based on previous results and experience gained from long-term monitoring, a limit threshold value for surface contamination with cytotoxic drugs.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>As part of the long-term monitoring (2008-2021) of surface contamination by cytostatics in pharmacies and hospitals in the Czech and Slovak Republics, the presence of eight drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, irinotecan, paclitaxel, fluorouracil, gemcitabine and platinum as a representative of platinum cytostatics - oxaliplatin, carboplatin, cisplatin) was monitored. Samples were taken by employees of individual healthcare facilities and surface contamination was evaluated by the RECETOX Research Center of Masaryk University Brno using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>our study evaluated the surface contamination of cytostatics in 40 pharmacies (N = 1,277 samples) and 43 hospitals (N = 946 samples). Based on the results obtained and in accordance with currently known knowledge, we propose a threshold value of 100 pg/cm2 as the limit value of permissible contamination of cytostatics for most areas in pharmacies and hospitals (reception, storage, packaging, transport, application). On the one hand, contamination in isolator areas, where cytostatics are prepared in a controlled environment and using effective protective equipment and where their increased presence can therefore be \"expected\", should be perceived differently, and on the other hand, areas in administrative facilities and day rooms, where no protective equipment is used and contamination should therefore be zero.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge of the level of contamination in healthcare facilities working with cytotoxic drugs helps to set up work processes so that the working environment is safe for employees. Regular monitoring is an important tool. The proposal of a value of 100 pg/cm2 as an exposure hygiene limit represents the first step towards implementing mandatory monitoring into national legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and evaluation of spray-dried inhalable microparticles from carrier mixtures.","authors":"Andrea Peštálová, Karolína Molatová, Jan Gajdziok","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formulation of microparticles composed of a mixture of carriers represents an innovative approach for lung drug delivery of dry powder. The carriers used can significantly influence the properties of the microparticles, such as size, shape, surface area, hygroscopicity, or aggregation, thus improving the aerosolization of the drugs after inhalation. The properties mentioned above are crucial for effective  pulmonary  therapy. The  combination of carriers of a carbohydrate nature and gelling agents is advantageous for controlled drug release. The experimental work aimed to prepare by spray drying and subsequently evaluate ten batches of microparticles composed of sugar-based carriers (mannitol, maltodextrin, dextran) and gelling polymers (chitosan, chondroitin sulfate) and to select a suitable combination for follow-up experimental work aimed at drug incorporation into the microparticle matrix. The most suitable parameters were exhibited by batches whose aerodynamic diameter was close to 5 µm, particles prepared from a combination of mannitol and dextran, chitosan and chondroitin, or maltodextrin and chondroitin. These batches also showed the highest fine particle fraction value (&gt; 43%). From a processability point of view, the batch with maltodextrin and chondroitin is preferable due to the lower viscosity of the dispersion and the more regular shape of the final microparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 1","pages":"214-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What should we know about the skin as an application site for (not only) dermo-cosmetic products?","authors":"Andrej Kováčik, Barbora Vraníková, Robert Čáp","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.014","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>What should we know about the skin as an application site for (not only) dermo-cosmetic products? The human skin can undoubtedly be regarded as the largest organ of the human body. This multi-layered selectively permeable tissue protects internal organs and other tissues from damage and is in direct contact with the surrounding environment. Part of this environment includes various substances, medicinal preparations, medical devices, and cosmetics. This article highlights selected facts regarding human skin's structure, significance, and role in local/topical product application. In addition to the overall condition of the skin (healthy vs. diseased), the structure of epidermis/stratum corneum and the pH of the skin surface are key factors influencing the effectiveness of (not only) cosmetic products applied to the skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 2","pages":"88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical literature in the Broumov Benedictine convent library in the year 1801.","authors":"Barbora Machová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.038","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article describes composition of the medical collection in the Broumov Benedictine convent library based on a catalogue from the year 1801, with detailed description of titles on pharmacy and botanics. This is followed by comparison with contemporary content of the \"Medici\" library department, identification of previous book owners and users based on records on preserved books, and an attempt to find out how the monastery communicated with its secular surroundings in the field of pharmacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 E4","pages":"34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperferritinemia as a factor associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.","authors":"Nuhad Mohammed Al-Dulaimi, Mahmood Jassim Mohammed, Saad T Mutlk, Khalid F Al-Rawi, Hameed Hussein Ali, Bilal J M Aldahham, Faisal Al-Ani, Osamah Al-Ani, Yaqout A Hamed, Aus T Ali","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, hundreds of millions of people have been infected with COVID-19 since December 2019; however, about 20% or less developed severe symptoms. The main aim of the current study was to  assess  the  relationship  between  the  severity of Covid-19 and different clinical and laboratory parameters. A total number of 466 Arabs have willingly joined this prospective cohort. Out of the total number, 297 subjects (63.7%) had negative COVID-19 tests, and thus, they were recruited as controls, while 169 subjects (36.3%) who tested positive for COVID-19 were enrolled as cases. Out of the total number of COVID-19 patients, 127 (75.15%) presented with mild symptoms, and 42 (24.85%) had severe symptoms. The age range for the participants was 20 to 82 years. Compared with controls, the severity of the disease was associated with significantly high ferritin levels (P &lt; 0.001). The severity of the disease was also associated with a significant increase in C-reactive protein (P &lt; 0.001), D-dimer (P &lt; 0.001), white blood cell count (WBC) (P &lt; 0.01), IgM (P &lt; 0.001), and Granulocytes (P &lt; 0.01). In addition, severe COVID-19 symptoms in the current study were associated with a significant decrease in lymphocytes (P &lt; 0.01). There was a four-fold increase in serum ferritin levels in COVID-19 patients presented with severe symptoms upon admission. The former was associated with significantly high levels of CRP and D-dimer. Thus, hyperferritinemia, together with high CRP and D-dimer concentrations, may serve as reliable predictors for disease severity and poor prognosis in Arabs with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 1","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of neurotropic vitamins in the prevention and adjuvant therapy of peripheral neuropathy - A pharmacist's comprehensive view.","authors":"Ondřej Šimandl","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.011","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of neurotropic vitamins in the prevention and adjuvant therapy of peripheral neuropathy - A pharmacist's comprehensive view Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common neurological diseases of the peripheral nervous system. According to current statistics, it affects 2.4% of the Czech population, and its prevalence continues to increase with age. The possibilities of its treatment are to a large extent limited, and its effectiveness and the patient's tolerance of pharmacotherapy are individual. Neurotropic vitamins, which support the function of neurons and contribute to their protection and regeneration, represent a promising possibility for prevention and use in adjuvant therapy for patients suffering from this disease. Despite the fact that the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral neuropathy belong to the doctor, the role of the pharmacist can be crucial not only in the area of ensuring effective and safe pharmacotherapy and adherence to it, but also in pre-screening of at-risk persons visiting pharmacies. The primary aim of the article is therefore to familiarize readers with the significance of neurotropic vitamins in the prevention and adjunct therapy of peripheral neuropathy, as well as the role of the pharmacist in the care of patients suffering from this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 2","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive and Rational Approach to Photoprotection.","authors":"Kateřina Tenorová, Ruta Masteiková","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.017","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive and Rational Approach to Photoprotection Complex and rational photoprotection is a fundamental prerequisite for limiting the harmful effects of UV radiation on the human body. It primarily includes avoiding the sun or eliminating being in the sun, using photoprotective textiles, sunglasses with a UV filter, and sunscreens. Although the focus is primarily on choosing the optimal sunscreen and the UV filters it contains, sufficient and repeated application is essential. This article aims to summarize the abovementioned aspects, highlight the importance of comprehensive measures, and remind readers that even photoprotection must be approached with common sense.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 2","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain and possibilities of its self-treatment - what can be recommended in a pharmacy?","authors":"Markéta Pitrová, Anna Koubová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.029","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain and possibilities of its self-treatment - what can be recommended in a pharmacy? Pain is one of the most common health problems for which patients seek help in the pharmacy. Pharmacists and pharmaceutical assistants are the most easily approachable healthcare professionals with deep pharmacotherapeutic knowledge and therefore are able to recommend appropriate pain self-medication including non-pharmacological therapy based on evaluation of patient´s problems and other factors. This article summarizes mainly pharmacological pain treatment options with currently available over-the-counter medicines, also some non-pharmacological recommendations and tries to emphasize rational approach in terms of safety of pharmacotherapy (adverse reactions, dosing). The aim of this article is to provide an evidence-based medicine overview of therapeutic options and a guideline for approach to treatment of all types of pain appropriate for self-medication in the pharmacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 3","pages":"187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of injectable dosage forms during their preparation and administration by nurses in hospitals: a literature review.","authors":"Ondřej Tesař, Lucie Malečová, Klára Kubíková, Josef Malý","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.005","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Safety of injectable dosage forms during their preparation and administration by nurses in hospitals: a literature review Introduction and Aim: Medication errors in hospitals are still frequent and significant for patient safety and associated healthcare costs. Especially, injectable dosage forms pose the high risk. The aim of this study was to review the current literature focused on medication errors related to injectable drug forms during their preparation and administration by nurses in hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases Medline and Scopus were used for the literature review. Papers dealing with intravenous (i. v.), intramuscular (i. m.), or subcutaneous (s. c.) administration by nurses in hospitals using direct observation method for data collection were searched. Original papers, systematic reviews or meta-analyses published in English by the end of 2022 were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 334 papers were retrieved, of which 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. 17 studies were observational (8 descriptive, 9 analytical) and 4 interventional. Medication errors were very common, moreover, critical steps of the medication process and possible interventions were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that the process of preparing and administering injectable dosage forms is a high-risk process. In the provision of healthcare, relevant measures must be set up to maximise patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 1","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 fatty acids in nutrition and supplementation.","authors":"Miloslav Hronek, Miroslav Kovařík","doi":"10.36290/csf.2024.025","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2024.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Omega-3 fatty acids in nutrition and supplementation Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have gained significant attention in the field of nutrition and health due to their many positive effects. This article provides a review of n-3 PUFAs, including their definition, classification, structural and functional characteristics, as well as their importance in nutrition and supplementation. In addition, it describes nutritional sources, discusses maximum doses, and describes recommended daily doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"73 3","pages":"164-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}