Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie最新文献

{"title":"Resources and drug information on pharmacotherapy in breastfeeding.","authors":"Kateřina Maláládová, Eliška Rožníčková, Petra Rozsívalová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breastfeeding is the optimal method of infant nutrition in early life, supporting physical health, reinforcing maternal-infant bonding, and offering economic and ecological benefits. The aim of this article is a narrative review of available professional information sources utilized by pharmacists, paediatricians, and other healthcare providers in breastfeeding pharmacotherapy decision-making. These include primary evidence (e.g., case reports, clinical lactation studies, adverse drug events reporting systems), secondary systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and tertiary sources comprising authoritative monographs (e.g., Hale's Medications & Mothers' Milk), clinical guidelines, or fact-based databases (e.g., LactMed, e-lactancia). Other information is received from regulatory documents (summary of product characteristics), websites for health care professionals, and drug information services (e.g., InfantRisk Center, Specialist Pharmacy Service). Access to such information sources enable individualized assessment of infant exposure while providing detailed data on drug transfer into breast milk, milk-to-plasma concentration ratios, and other pharmacokinetic properties, health condition of infant and mother as well as mother´s willingness to breastfeed. Critical appraisal of these sources with focus on current and evidence-based information are together with a multidisciplinary approach essential to ensure safe and effective treatment for breastfeeding women.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"172-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of gastrointestinal adverse effects of cancer treatment part 2: Nausea, vomiting, immune-related gastrointestinal adverse effects.","authors":"Jan Juřica, Miroslav Turjap","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.003","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal adverse effects are common in patients with cancer and can be exacerbated by the disease itself. These adverse effects lead to decreased quality of life and may result in discontinuation of therapy and worsening of treatment outcomes. In extreme cases, adverse effects may even result in patient death. Oncology therapy has undergone significant changes in recent decades, introducing a range of new treatments. Unfortunately, these advancements have also brought about a previously unseen spectrum of adverse effects. The first separate part of this article was devoted to diarrhoea, constipation, mucositis and anorexia. This second part discusses nausea, vomiting, and immune-related gastrointestinal adverse events of anticancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and discusses the appropriate management of these complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 1","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case reports from individual consultations provided to patients in the pharmacy.","authors":"Eliška Kolmanová, Josef Malý","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.031","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The focus of pharmaceutical care is to optimise the patient's pharmacotherapy, aiming to maximise the effects and minimise the risks of treatment. In the pharmacy, the current legislation allows the pharmacist to carry out this activity not only in the context of dispensing activities, but also during the provision of individual counselling. This area of 'modern pharmaceutical care' is a more individualised form of expert advice, ideally carried out in a separate consulting room of the pharmacy through a structured conversation with a trained pharmacist. In addition to the management of drug-related problems in optimising pharmacotherapy, pharmacists in the Czech Republic are involved in screening for selected diseases, i.e. in the area of prevention. An undeniable advantage of providing individual counselling in the pharmacy is the time allocated for undisturbed communication with the patient, leading, among other things, to the establishment of trust and a better understanding of the patient's attitudes towards treatment. The content of the paper will include three case reports from the practice of a pharmacist involved in this area of pharmaceutical care. Specifically, it will address the practical attributes of optimizing pharmacotherapy in three geriatric patients and show a possible way to deal with them.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"182-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medications with dependence potential: Pharmacological aspects and clinical practise.","authors":"Ivana Tašková","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.027","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The abuse of medications represents a serious and ongoing public health concern. It has extensive consequences for individuals in the form of deteriorating physical and mental health, while also imposing a significant socioeconomic burden on society. This article focuses on the pharmacological aspects of medications associated with the development of substance dependence, with particular emphasis on sedatives, hypnotics, opioid analgesics, stimulants, gabapentinoids, and selected over-the-counter preparations. The development of dependence results from a complex interaction of various risk factors and is primarily influenced by the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of substances, individual predispositions, and environmental factors. The aim of this article is to summarize the main mechanisms contributing to the development of substance dependence, describe the pharmacological characteristics of the most commonly abused medication groups, and propose basic recommendations for their rational prescription and for the prevention of dependence. Education of patients and healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, plays a key role in addressing this undesirable phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing aids and hearing protection.","authors":"Petra Svačinová, Vendula Guldánová, Barbora Vraníková","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.026","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hearing impairments or hearing loss affect a person's social, professional, and personal activities, and are therefore closely linked to quality of life. The largest group of hearing-impaired patients consists of older adults whose hearing deteriorates with age, but hearing disorders also affect children and people of working age. The use of an appropriate and properly adjusted hearing aid can help improve hearing and speech comprehension in cases of hearing loss. One of the most common causes of hearing loss or damage is exposure to excessive noise. For this reason, it is important to focus on prevention, which includes the use of hearing protection. The aim of this article is to present the basic types of hearing aids and to provide a brief overview of their use, adjustment options, and available maintenance tools. Additionally, the article offers an overview of various types of devices used for hearing protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resources and drug information on pharmacotherapy in pregnancy.","authors":"Kateřina Maláládová, Eliška Rožníčková, Petra Rozsívalová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.015","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy is a unique period requiring careful assessment of safety and effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic interventions regarding the mother and foetus. The main source of information on the choice of a drug in pregnancy is usually the summary of product information, which often offers only brief general information and encourages excessive caution. The aim of this article is therefore a narrative overview of available professional information resources on medication use during pregnancy, which can be utilized in the care of pregnant women taking medicines. It demonstrates national and international monographs, biomedical databases, clinical guidelines, specialized professional web portals for healthcare professionals, adverse drug reaction reporting databases, teratology information services, and congenital anomaly registries. The article also emphasizes that a comprehensive approach including systematic utilization of all available information sources to healthcare professional, multidisciplinary cooperation and applying evidence-based medicine principles are essential when searching for and critically evaluating information use in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis: pharmacist's options in its prevention and treatment.","authors":"Lucie Hromčík Brunclíková","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.033","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is the most common non-communicable inflammatory disease of humans. Although it affects the periodontal apparatus, its prevention and treatment are not solely the responsibility of the dentist and the dental hygienist. The pharmacist, as part of a multidisciplinary team, plays a role in supporting the patient's dental health and in identifying and educating at-risk patients. Increasing pharmacists' competence in the care of patients with periodontitis could lead to a reduction in its incidence and more effective treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"194-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":". Treatment of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents.","authors":"Eva Klásková, Sabina Kaprálová, Alžběta Palátová, Josef Vičar, Blažena Ševčíková","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.027","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arterial hypertension (AH) is a serious health problem that begins in childhood and adolescence and contributes significantly to the early development of ischemic heart disease in adulthood. The prevalence of AH in childhood is approximately 2-5 %. Secondary aetiology of AH is significantly more common in children than in adults. Within paediatric populations, primary AH treatment regimens prioritise non-pharmacological interventions. The selection of an appropriate antihypertensive treatment is dependent on the underlying aetiology of hypertension, whilst also considering the presence of any concomitant comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 4","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-treatment of acute cough in adults and adolescents older than 12 years.","authors":"Lenka Ťupová, Tereza Hendrychová, Josef Malý","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.005","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute cough is a frequent symptom accompanying upper respiratory tract infections and acute bronchitis. In order to start self-treatment, a thorough consideration of its suitability is necessary. A systematic algorithm can help pharmacists to do this, and its subconscious automation will help them reliably detect warning signs (red flags) of an acute illness or the inappropriateness of self-treatment in risk groups of patients. The presentation of the practical application of the cough self-treatment algorithm is therefore the main goal of this publication. Although a number of over-the-counter products are available for the symptomatic treatment of cough, their effectiveness in short-term administration for the relief of acute cough is still questionable. However, they are still recommended by experts and often bring patients a feeling of subjective relief. In general, we can summarize that mucoactive drugs are preferred for coughs with a suspected infectious cause and yellow-green sputum production. The amount of sputum in healthy patients with acute bronchitis is minimal and the main benefit is considered to be antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. Antitussives are indicated in the case of a dry non-productive cough, mainly to increase the quality of life during an ongoing infection. Self-treatment of cough can be made significantly more effective by choosing the suitable dosage form, the precise knowledge of which can be considered the domain of pharmacists.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 1","pages":"24-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADME Profile Calculation and Drug Similarity Study of New 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives Containing 2-Bromo-5-Methoxyphenyl Radical.","authors":"Mykola Skoryi, Roman Shcherbyna, Sergii Kulish, Volodymyr Salionov, Oleksandra Cherchesova","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.024","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evaluating ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) profiles is critical in drug development to ensure bioavailability, efficacy, and safety. 1,2,4-Triazole derivatives, particularly those with a 2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl radical, are promising due to their broad biological activities, yet their pharmacokinetic properties are insufficiently studied. The objective of this study was to predict the ADME characteristics and drug-likeness of these compounds to identify candidates with optimal pharmacokinetic potential for therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the ADME profiles of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives incorporating a 2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl fragment using in silico methods and evaluate their compliance with drug-likeness criteria, such as Lipinski's Rule of 5, for potential pharmaceutical development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of 28 derivatives, including 5-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-4-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols (3a-3d), thioacetic acids (4a-4d), and esters (5a-5t), were analyzed via the Molinspiration Property Calculator. Key parameters assessed were lipophilicity (miLogP), polar surface area (TPSA), molecular weight (MW), hydrogen bond donors (nOHNH) and acceptors (nON), rotatable bonds (nrotb), and Lipinski rule violations (nviolations).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thiol derivatives (3a-3d) showed moderate lipophilicity (miLogP 3.02-3.33) and TPSA (39.95-50.81 Ų), suggesting good permeability. Thioacetic acids (4a-4d) had higher TPSA (77.25-88.11 Ų) and lower miLogP (2.46-3.81), indicating enhanced solubility but reduced permeability. Esters (5a-5t) varied widely in lipophilicity (miLogP 3.08-5.86), with three compounds (5l, 5p, 5t) exceeding Lipinski's miLogP limit (&gt; 5). Most compounds complied with Lipinski's Rule, with MW ranging from 286.15-476.40 g/mol and nrotb from 2-10.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Structural modifications significantly influenced ADME profiles, with thiols and thioacetic acids showing favorable drug-like properties. High-lipophilicity esters may require optimization. These findings support the potential of these triazole derivatives as drug candidates, warranting further pharmacological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 3","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}