Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie最新文献

{"title":"Bioactive compounds with adjuvant therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathy.","authors":"Alice Sychrová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies share several common pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although their clinical manifestations differ, similar neuroprotective therapeutic approaches are applied in both conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the use of nutraceuticals and vitamin supplementation as adjuvant strategies in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature review focused on studies evaluating the efficacy, mechanisms of action, safety aspects, and recommended dosages of selected bioactive compounds, including antioxidants, phospholipids, nucleosides, polyphenols, and vitamins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Available clinical and experimental evidence indicates a beneficial effect of several nutraceuticals on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial function, which may contribute to slowing disease progression and improving peripheral nerve function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutraceuticals represent a promising adjunct to conventional therapy for neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies. However, further clinical studies are needed to confirm their efficacy, standardize dosing, and assess long-term safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 4","pages":"258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent drugs.","authors":"Marta Kučerová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Covalent drugs are substances capable of forming a reversible or an irreversible covalent bond with a macromolecular target in the body. Despite the risk of adverse reactions in the organism, the design of such agents has become a trend over the last two decades. Drugs acting by covalent mechanisms from different indication groups are summarized in this article and possibly supported with a reference to the crystallographic structure in the Protein Data Bank. The advantages and the disadvantages of using covalent drugs are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticonvulsant biotargets of digoxin: in silico study and in vivo verification.","authors":"Vadym Tsyvunin, Hanna Severina, Sergii Shtrygol, Victoriya Georgiyants, Diana Shtrygol","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the promising ways to control multidrug-resistant epilepsy may be to use, in addition to traditional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), medicines from other pharmacological groups - the so-called \"non-antiepileptic\" drugs. Among such drugs, the cardiac glycoside digoxin deserves special attention. It was established that sub-cardiotonic doses of digoxin exhibit both their own anticonvulsant effect and have been shown to enhance the anticonvulsant potential of classical AEDs. However, the mechanisms of this action and the probable cerebral biotargets with which these properties of digoxin may be associated, remain completely unknown. Molecular docking of digoxin to the following cerebral biotargets was performed: GABAAR, GlyR, mGluR5, AMPAR, hBCATc, mGlu8R, NMDA-GluN1, KCNQ2, COX-1 and COX-2. To confirm the in silico results in vivo pharmacological studies under conditions of acute bicuculline-induced seizures and pentylenetetrazole kindling in mice have been carried out. It was established that digoxin shows high affinity to GABAergic biotargets and an identical to retigabine affinity to voltage-gated potassium channels KCNQ2 in silico. In vivo results fully confirm the established by molecular docking GABAergic properties of the cardiac glycoside: digoxin provides a potent anticonvulsant activity on the model of acute primary generalized bicuculline-induced seizures and a moderate anticonvulsant effect under pentylenetetrazole kindling. At the same time, the ability of digoxin to maximally enhance the anticonvulsant potential of sodium valproate has been revealed. Thus, it has been proven that the anticonvulsant properties of digoxin are most likely related to the ability to enhance the inhibitory properties of GABA and GABAergic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Good storage practices for medical devices and in vitro diagnostic medical devices by healthcare providers.","authors":"Pavla Justová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To maintain the quality of medical devices and in vitro diagnostic medical devices used in the provision of healthcare, one of the important factors is also the fulfillment of the conditions for their storage set by the manufacturer. Healthcare providers are required to adhere to good storage practices, which are controlled by the State Institute for Drug Control. The aim of this article is to familiarize themselves with the requirements of good storage practices, which are required and controlled by the regulatory authority.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"114-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current pharmacotheraupeutical options of lower urinary tract symptoms.","authors":"Marcela Fontana","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.012","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) represent a wide unit with multifactorial etiology, and therefore, treatment is not uniform. In most patients with LUTS, pharmacotherapy is an effective option for managing these symptoms, thereby improving the quality of life. We have medications from various drug classes available, which can be effectively combined to achieve the best therapeutic outcome. The following text provides an overview of the current pharmacotherapy for LUTS.nce-based medicine principles are essential when searching for and critically evaluating information use in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"90-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choosing wisely in practice: How sick day rules help prevent medication-related complications.","authors":"Petra Rozsívalová, Petra Šubrtová, Karolína Russ, Petr Grenar, Jiří Nový, Dan Rakušan, Jiří Cyrany, Kateřina Langmaierová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.040","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and aim: </strong>Sick Day Rules represent a practical multidisciplinary procedure for temporarily adjusting or suspending certain medications during an acute illness to prevent drug-related complications, especially acute kidney injury. This article aims to introduce the international concept of Sick Day Rules and proposes its application in Czech clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search and analysis in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using keywords focused on Sick Day Rules, prevention of medication-related complications, and medicine re-initiation during acute illness. Resources used included consensus documents, clinical reviews, and national methodological frameworks within the Choosing Wisely initiative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Situations suitable for applying Sick Day Rules were identified: recurrent vomiting or diarrhea with fluid loss, significantly reduced fluid intake, and orthostatic problems. Concurrently, specific conditions requiring immediate contact with a healthcare professional were determined. Under these conditions, the following self-monitoring steps are also recommended: more frequent monitoring of blood glucose and urine ketones, adequate hydration, and appropriate nutrition. Temporary suspension is particularly advisable for selected drug classes: SGLT2 inhibitors (gliflozins), metformin, drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system (including combinations with sacubitril), diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and aliskiren. Insulin and insulin secretagogues are not universally discontinued; the approach is guided by current blood glucose levels (temporarily reduce and supplement with carbohydrates at low values, or appropriately increase the insulin dose at high values). Rules for the safe resumption of treatment after symptoms subside (usually within 24-48 hours) were also established, and the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation, clear communication, and educational materials for patients was emphasized. For Czech implementation, it is advisable to adopt internationally shared and proven elements and integrate them into practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sick Day Rules provide a unified and applicable framework that can reduce drug-related complications and increase treatment safety in clearly defined situations. Systematic implementation in the Czech environment is feasible and beneficial if accompanied by education and clear instructions for resuming medications. Published literature shows that patients prefer physician-led recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 4","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-treatment of cough in respiratory infections.","authors":"Hana Kotolová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.043","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cough is one of the most common symptoms with which patients search pharmaceutical care. Most cases have a viral etiology and do not require medical intervention, therefore the pharmacist has a key role in patient education and in recommending appropriate self-treatment. Correct differentiation of the type of cough and selection of appropriate treatment can significantly shorten the duration of the problem and prevent further complications. For dry cough, short-term administration of antitussives is appropriate, while for wet cough, mucolytics or expectorants are recommended. Regimen measures are also an integral part of self-treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 4","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends in insulin therapy.","authors":"Kateřina Štechová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.011","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In January 2025, 103 years have passed since the injection of insulin saved the life of the first patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the article is to familiarize readers with current insulin therapy, which is an essential treatment modality for patients with type 1 diabetes, but also for many patients with other types of diabetes mellitus. The current treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes consists of using 2nd generation insulin analogues, either rapid in insulin pumps, which now also have the so-called hybrid closed-loop function, or patients apply a rapid analogue in combination with a basal analogue by insulin pens. Adjusting insulin doses according to data from glucose sensors has become a common praxis. Patients with type 2 diabetes also use modern insulin therapy. They can especially benefit from formulas that combine a basal insulin analogue with a GLP-1 receptor agonist. In addition, 3rd generation basal insulin analogues with application only once a week are approaching clinical practice. This can significantly help simplify the logistics of insulin therapy and thus improve adherence to treatment for at least certain groups of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoprotection.","authors":"Zuzana Hajšelová","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.019","DOIUrl":"10.36290/csf.2025.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A significant factor for skin cancer development and premature aging of the skin is undesirable effect of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Therefore, appropriate sunprotection method is important. The highest endogenic risk factors are in people with phototype I and II.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 2","pages":"133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of quercetin and the role of endothelial protection in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension.","authors":"Valentyna Volodymyrivna Chopyak, Igor Grygorovich Hayduchok, Yuriy Volodymyrovych Fedorov, Alona Vasylivna Kovpak, Bogdana Fedorivna Baida, Oksana Volodymyrivna Levytska, Volodymyr Antonovych Doroshko","doi":"10.36290/csf.2025.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/csf.2025.036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The article presents the findings of a clinical trial investigating the impact of quercetin, as an adjunct to antihypertensive therapy, on endothelial function and daily blood pressure profiles.  The aim of the study. To conduct a comparative analysis of the impact of quercetin on 24-hour blood pressure monitoring parameters and cytokine profiles in patients with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 120 patients with stage II hypertension (66 female and 54 male) were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I (study) - 58 patients who took quercetin (Corvitin®) in addition to basic therapy; II group (comparison) - 62 patients who underwent only basic antihypertensive therapy (Ramipril/Amlodipine). The results and disscusions: During the administration of quercetin along with the standard basic therapy with the combination of Ramipril/Amlodipine in patients with stage II hypertension of 2-3 degrees of severity, more pronounced significant in the major indices of 24-hour BPM were observed, an increase in the ratio of subjects with a \"dipper\" profile due to a decrease in the number of patients with an insufficient reduction in nocturnal BP, an excessive drop in nocturnal BP or its persistent increase. Quercetin reduced markers of endothelial dysfunction, including sVCAM, sICAM-1, ET-1, IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α, more effectively than standard therapy alone. Standard antihypertensive therapy had a minimal effect on IL-1α and ET-1 levels.  Conclusion: The use of quercetin reliably reduces the levels of cytokines, which ensures a reduction in the manifestations of endothelial protection and contributes to better control of all blood pressure indices and normalization of the daily profile of blood pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":38771,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie","volume":"74 4","pages":"2-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}