Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Achieving strength-ductility synergy in CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys via multi-step annealing induced heterostructuring","authors":"J.Q. Meng ,&nbsp;Y.H. Zhao ,&nbsp;Y. Liu ,&nbsp;Z.Y. Li ,&nbsp;X.F. Chen ,&nbsp;Y.T. Zhu ,&nbsp;R.Y. Liang ,&nbsp;H. Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing strength usually comes at the expense of ductility, a trade-off commonly referred to as the strength–ductility dilemma in metallic alloys. In this work, we overcome this limitation by tailoring a thermally induced heterogeneous structure in the FCC CoCrNi MEA through a fine heat treatment design. This approach results in a cross-scale microstructure comprising fine-grained (FG), ultrafine-grained (UFG), and nanotwin (NT) bundles. The multi-step annealed sample exhibits a high yield strength of 1025 MPa and a uniform elongation of 20 %. Compared to single-step annealing, this sample retains over 95 % of its strength while exhibiting a 100 % increase in ductility. These optimized mechanical properties are attributed to the temperature-time gradient design, which promotes the formation of a tri-modal heterostructure, composed of FG grains (∼2.1 μm), UFG grains (∼0.6 μm), and NT bundle lamellae (λ ~ 38 nm). In particular, the formation of annealing twins in the FCC matrix increases the density of heterogeneous interfaces, which act as effective barriers to dislocation slip. This, in turn, synergizing with HDI hardening, defect-induced activation, and interactive strengthening mechanisms, collectively enabling a stable work-hardening rate across a wide range of strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149171"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergy improved the strength and ductility of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Fe alloys via coupling control of solute gradient and multi-scale precipitates","authors":"Congcong Wang ,&nbsp;Mingxing Guo ,&nbsp;Jinming Zhi ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Chen ,&nbsp;Hu Wang ,&nbsp;Linzhong Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work systematically examined the effects of various heat treatments on the precipitation characteristics of heterogeneous-structured Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Fe alloys. The findings demonstrate that the gradient solute atom distribution characteristics in hetero-structured alloys significantly influence the aging precipitate development of the alloys. Furthermore, the newly developed non-isothermal aging (NIA) can dramatically shorten the peak aging time and enhance the strength without compromising its ductility. The key to improving the properties of the heterogeneous-structured alloy involves forming intragranular multi-scale precipitates and discontinuous phases at grain boundaries while greatly eliminating precipitation-free zones along the boundaries. Additionally, the precipitation mechanisms of heterogeneous-structured alloys during both isothermal aging (IA) and NIA treatments are systematically described in this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149168"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening of Fe-Al interfacial intermetallic compounds in steel / aluminum welding-brazing joints by introducing boron through in-situ displacement transition","authors":"Zheng Ye ,&nbsp;Jinxin Yang ,&nbsp;Hongyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Biaobiao Yang ,&nbsp;Wanli Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Shuhai Chen ,&nbsp;Jihua Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, boron was successfully introduced through in-situ displacement transition in steel/Al laser welding-brazing. Boron was distributed in the interfacial FeAl₃ and Fe₂Al₅ grain boundaries, and grain boundaries strengthened by boron hindered the crack propagation. The average tensile load of the joint introduced with B was increased by 50 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149175"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress rupture behavior of SLM deposited IN738 superalloy via hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment","authors":"Huan Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Song ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liang ,&nbsp;Yanhong Yang ,&nbsp;Jun Xie ,&nbsp;Nannan Lu ,&nbsp;Lin Zhou ,&nbsp;Ruizhi Chen ,&nbsp;Yizhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Xu ,&nbsp;Jinguo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inconel 738 (IN738) superalloys with a high γ′ phase proportion, manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM), demonstrate excellent quasistatic tensile properties, but suffer from poor creep rupture properties, seriously limiting their application in aerospace. Here, the present hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and two-step heat treatment (sub-solvus solution and aging) approach enhances the stress rupture resistance at 760 °C and 590 MPa through precise control of a bimodal γ′ distribution and dual-carbide precipitation. The stress rupture life of the post-processed samples is improved to 133 % of that of conventionally cast IN738 alloys at 760 °C and 590 MPa. This improvement is mainly attributed to the dispersion of nano-MC carbides within the grains and the precipitation of M₂₃C₆ carbides, along with a significant bimodal distribution of γ′ phase, which hinders dislocation motion by introducing obstacles and enhances stress rupture resistance. These findings highlight the crucial role of HIP and two-step heat treatment in optimizing the properties of SLM-fabricated superalloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149172"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of crystal microstructure and defects on fatigue property of additively manufactured Alloy 718 via electron-beam powder bed fusion","authors":"Koji Kakehi ,&nbsp;Koki Ogawa ,&nbsp;Hasina Tabassum Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Thaviti Naidu Palleda ,&nbsp;Aoi Morishige ,&nbsp;Ayumu Miyakita ,&nbsp;Takashi Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the influences of multiple crystal microstructures and defects on the fatigue properties of Ni-based superalloy 718 additively manufactured by the electron-beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) method were investigated. To investigate the influence of crystal microstructure and defects, three types of crystal microstructure specimens, i.e., columnar, equiaxed, and mixed, were built by adjusting the process parameters. Some specimens were treated with hot isostatic pressing (HIP) to reduce defects. Fatigue tests were conducted on these specimens at 25 °C, and the loading direction was parallel to the building direction. After the tests, the fatigue crack initiation and propagation processes were investigated. The results showed that most of the fatigue cracks initiated from clustered inclusions formed perpendicular to the building direction. These were composed mainly of Al-rich oxides, which remained and affected the fatigue crack initiation even after HIP treatment. Fatigue crack propagation characteristics differed among the microstructures, with fine equiaxed grains exhibiting higher resistance to propagation. However, the area where the defects initiated fatigue cracks was considered the most significant factor influencing fatigue life. The clustered inclusions were related to melting and solidification phenomena, which may lead to microstructural inhomogeneity, including lack of fusion defects, and thus affected crack initiation during fatigue. Since grain boundaries influence crack propagation, the morphology of the crystal grains is also considered to affect crack propagation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149169"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the intrinsic phase evolution mechanisms behind strength and toughness improvements in Y-TZP","authors":"Junhui Luo ,&nbsp;Qianwen Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Cao ,&nbsp;Changxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Huwen Ma ,&nbsp;Junkai Liu ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Yichun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous achievement of high strength and toughness in ceramics remains a pivotal challenge in materials science. This study employs yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) as a model system to unravel a novel synergistic strengthening-toughening mechanism governed by a multi-stage phase transition (T→O→M→M∗ superstructure). We demonstrate that this phase transition pathway enables stepwise strain energy release via an intermediate orthorhombic (O) phase and a resulting superstructure (M∗) through multiscale mechanical characterization methods and theoretical calculations. Remarkably, the material achieves a compressive strength of 4.5 GPa, alongside average flexural strength and fracture toughness of 784 ± 57 MPa and 9.5 ± 0.5 MPa m^1/2, respectively. First-principle calculations confirm the thermodynamic metastability of the O phase; thus, shear sliding along the [100]_O planes triggers monoclinic (M) twinning. Meanwhile, residual stress-driven atomic ordering culminates in M∗ superstructure formation. This strain-modulated phase transition mechanism enhances damage tolerance through self-regulated zigzag microstructural coordination and external stress redistribution. Our findings establish a new paradigm for designing advanced ceramics with low volumetric strain coordination, harmonizing ultrahigh strength and toughness at room temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149170"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The behaviors and mechanisms of current-enhanced recrystallization and grain growth in as-rolled pure nickel during electrical annealing","authors":"Pao-Hsuan Yang,&nbsp;Meng-Chun Chiu,&nbsp;Hsuan-Cheng Huang,&nbsp;Chien-Lung Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the metallurgical behaviors and mechanisms induced by electrical annealing in as-rolled pure nickel, with a focus on the relationships among microstructure, micro-hardness, and electrical resistivity. Direct current stressing at 3.00–3.30 × 10⁴ A/cm² for 1 h induced significant micro-hardness reduction (up to 35.4 %) and electrical resistivity (up to 9.9 %). Comprehensive electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analyses revealed progressive recrystallization and grain growth due to enhanced grain boundary migration, characterized by grain size increase, transformation of subboundaries and low-angle grain boundaries into high-angle grain boundaries and Σ3 60°&lt;111&gt; ATBs, relief of residual stress and dislocation annihilation; and transformation of Copper-type rolling textures (Copper, Brass, and Goss) into Cube-oriented recrystallization texture with retained S components. Threshold behaviors for microstructure and property changes occurred at current densities in a narrow transition range. The quantitative analyses further reveal declines in the micro-hardness contributions from normal grain boundaries (59.2 %), ATBs (52.6 %), and dislocations (36.1 %), supporting superior thermodynamic stability of ATBs. Comparative thermal annealing benchmark using identical thermal history as electrical annealing highlighted the dominant role of athermal effects under electric current stressing. Current-enhanced recrystallization and grain growth for the observed micro-hardness reduction are predominantly driven by athermal effects, while thermally activated recovery is more governed by thermal effects. Finally, energy consumption estimations reveal that electrical annealing achieved superior metallurgical effects with over 99 % lower energy than conventional thermal annealing. These results suggest that electrical annealing offers a highly efficient and effective alternative for processing nickel-based metals, at significantly lower temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149173"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-phase strengthening and high-temperature performance of CoNiAlV medium-entropy alloy via in-situ VC formation from V2AlC","authors":"Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaozhong Huang ,&nbsp;Jianling Yue ,&nbsp;Peisheng Wang ,&nbsp;Shuhong Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, VC-reinforced CoNiAlV medium-entropy alloy (MEA) composites were synthesized by powder metallurgy, where an in-situ reaction between V₂AlC MAX-phase precursors and Co-Ni powders. The phase transformation mechanism, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. The optimization of sintering parameters and the design of subsequent heat treatments were guided by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) simulations. The decomposition of V₂AlC produced uniformly distributed VC particles, while the released Al and V atoms diffused to form a CoNiAlV MEA solid-solution matrix. Subsequent aging led to the precipitation of coherent L1₂-(Co,Ni)₃(Al,V) phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that both nanoscale and micron-sized VC particles hinder dislocation motion through Orowan bypassing and particle-dislocation interactions, while the L1₂ phase provides additional shear resistance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed a relatively low stacking fault energy (SFE) in the matrix, consistent with the observed annealing twins. The VC/CoNiAlV composite, with a relatively low density of 7.2 g/cm³, exhibited excellent mechanical properties over the entire testing temperature range, achieving a specific yield strength of 94 MPa g⁻¹ cm³ at 800 °C - surpassing most conventional superalloys, while retaining good ductility (fracture strain of 0.34). Fractography revealed shear-dominated failure with localized cracking, confirming its high plastic deformability. The enhanced mechanical performance is attributed to the combined effects of multi-scale reinforcement and low-SFE-induced twins, which together provide a favorable balance between strength and plasticity at elevated temperatures, offering valuable guidance for designing lightweight, high-performance composites for high-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149166"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of predeformation and solution treatment: Enabling rapid processing and high strength in a Cu-15Sn-0.3Ti alloy","authors":"Dazhuo Song ,&nbsp;Juntao Zou ,&nbsp;Zesheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuchen Song ,&nbsp;Rong Fei ,&nbsp;Xinhang Liang ,&nbsp;Mengyu Shan ,&nbsp;Lin Shi ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CuSnTi alloy plays a crucial role as the primary raw material in preparing Nb₃Sn superconducting wires. The alloy requires a long period of solid solution treatment to eliminate segregation, increase the Sn solid solution content and improve the properties of the alloy's mechanical properties, and thus Nb₃Sn's superconducting properties, but this will causes a series of problems such as oxidation, properties degradation, and even cost. In this work, a CuSnTi alloy with a strength of 500 MPa and an elongation of 70 % was successfully developed for the first time via rotary forging combined with heat treatment. The effects of different rotary forging deformation amounts and solution times on the microstructure and properties were studied. The results show that the formation of recrystallization nuclei accelerates the diffusion of elements, thereby promoting the dissolution of the δ phase, and this in turn promotes the growth of recrystallization nuclei. The improvement of the mechanical properties of the alloy is related to grain boundary strengthening. This work improves the properties of CuSnTi alloy on the basis of saving costs and simplifying production process, and also lays a solid material foundation for the preparation of high properties Nb₃Sn superconducting wires.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface-dominated strengthening, deformation and electrical transport behaviors of Cu nanocomposites rendered by nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes","authors":"Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Chen ,&nbsp;Jingmei Tao ,&nbsp;Caiju Li ,&nbsp;Liang Liu ,&nbsp;Zunyan Xu ,&nbsp;Jianhong Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intrinsic incompatibility between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Cu matrix generally renders the formation of weak interface and thus low strengthening efficiency. To address the above dilemma, a nitrogen-doped CNT (NCNT), fabricated via plasma treatment, was used to reinforce Cu matrix composites. It is found that in addition to promoting the homogeneous dispersion, nitrogen-doped treatment of CNTs facilitates the robust interface in the NCNTs/Cu, associated with disorder area featuring intense localized normal strain. Such interface guarantees the accurate load-transfer from the matrix to NCNTs, thereby contributing to the prominent yield strength of NCNTs/Cu over raw CNTs/Cu. Meanwhile, the N-mediated CNT-Cu interface provides strong dislocation pinning force, which turns to encourage dislocation planar slip at the early plastic deformation and occurrence of “yield point elongation”, coupled with rapid dislocation multiplication and lower dislocation velocity. The sufficient interface dislocation interactions and extra-toughening introduced by crack bridging and deflection were achieved in the NCNTs/Cu during subsequent deformation, thereby delaying necking. Electrical transport analysis demonstrates that the doped N lowers the interface inelastic scattering and accelerates extra electron transfer from Cu matrix to NCNT. Such nitrogen-doping characteristics of CNT were accentuated to address their contribution to the prominent mechanical-electrical property synergy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149167"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}