Materials & Design最新文献_第3页

Bonding of vanadium- and Iron-based alloys as interlayers for plasma-facing and structural materials in fusion systems 熔合系统中用作等离子体表面和结构材料中间层的钒和铁基合金的键合

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114749

Tim Gräning , Deniz Ebeperi , Ibrahim Karaman , Ishtiaque Robin , Mobashera Saima Haque , Akhil Kolanti , David Sprouster , Lance Snead , Yutai Katoh

{"title":"Bonding of vanadium- and Iron-based alloys as interlayers for plasma-facing and structural materials in fusion systems","authors":"Tim Gräning , Deniz Ebeperi , Ibrahim Karaman , Ishtiaque Robin , Mobashera Saima Haque , Akhil Kolanti , David Sprouster , Lance Snead , Yutai Katoh","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vanadium alloys and FeCrAl were investigated as interlayers between tungsten and reduced activation ferritic martensitic steel for fusion system components to avoid formation of intermetallic phase at operating temperatures between 550 and 1100 °C, while maintaining a body centered cubic phase throughout the interface. Physical and mechanical properties need to be graded between tungsten and steel, but recent results showed a significant hardness increase at the FeCrAl to vanadium alloy interface. Here, a sintered sample of these alloys was annealed for extended time, and the microstructure was investigated to provide a better understanding of the phenomena. A comparison with an additively manufactured interface of the same material is provided. An unexpected L2<sub>1</sub> intermetallic phase formation has been revealed using microscopy and synchrotron techniques and will inform future additive manufacturing approaches of the interface. A Cr layer interface as a preliminary solution was proposed between the Vanadium alloy and FeCrAl alloy interface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114749"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crashworthiness of antiprism thin-walled structures under quasi-static and dynamic loading 准静、动载荷下反棱柱薄壁结构的耐撞性

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114802

Bin Xu , Wenjun Bai

{"title":"Crashworthiness of antiprism thin-walled structures under quasi-static and dynamic loading","authors":"Bin Xu , Wenjun Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the quasi-static and dynamic crushing behavior of a novel antiprism thin-walled structure designed to enhance energy absorption for crashworthiness applications. Unlike conventional cylindrical, polygonal, and origami-inspired tubes, which do not fully exploit wall folding to generate plastic hinges, the antiprism configuration promotes the formation and propagation of multiple plastic hinge lines, enabling stable progressive collapse and extended plateau stages. The structures were fabricated from 316L stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion and evaluated through quasi-static compression, Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar tests, and finite element simulations with the Johnson–Cook model. Compared with conventional counterparts of equal mass and thickness, the antiprism tubes achieved 6.4–14 % higher specific energy absorption (SEA), 7–79 % higher crushing force efficiency (CFE), and 7–68 % lower undesired load-carrying capacity (ULC). Under dynamic impact, they also exhibited the lowest initial peak crushing force. These results highlight the antiprism design as a lightweight and efficient solution for energy-absorbing components in sandwich panels and protective liners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114802"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate analytical post-buckling solutions for simply supported square plates under biaxial compression with varying stress ratios 变应力比下双轴压缩简支方板后屈曲精确解析解

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114796

Da-Guang Zhang

{"title":"Accurate analytical post-buckling solutions for simply supported square plates under biaxial compression with varying stress ratios","authors":"Da-Guang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenge of obtaining accurate analytical post-buckling solutions for simply supported square plates under biaxial compression, a long-standing problem in nonlinear plate mechanics. The research question focuses on how to rigorously capture large deflections and bending–membrane interactions to establish reliable benchmarks beyond the critical load. A series expansion method within the von Kármán framework is employed to derive analytical solutions with high numerical accuracy. Compared with existing analytical and numerical approaches, the present solutions achieve five to six significant digits of accuracy, representing a substantial improvement in precision and reliability. A comprehensive parametric study demonstrates how varying the biaxial compression ratio influences post-buckling responses, providing deeper insight into boundary-sensitive and load-dependent behaviors. The results establish new analytical benchmarks that can be directly used to validate approximate and numerical methods, thereby improving the robustness of computational models. In addition, they offer practical guidance for the safe and efficient design of thin-walled plate structures in aerospace, civil, and mechanical engineering. This work highlights both the novelty of deriving truly accurate, verifiable analytical solutions and their dual value as theoretical milestones and engineering tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114796"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metastability Matters: Exploring hardness and conductivity in bell bronze alloys 亚稳态问题：探索钟青铜合金的硬度和电导率

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114791

Lea A. Lumper-Wimler , Leon Ruess , Johann Kappacher , Wolfram Schillinger , Verena Maier-Kiener

{"title":"Metastability Matters: Exploring hardness and conductivity in bell bronze alloys","authors":"Lea A. Lumper-Wimler , Leon Ruess , Johann Kappacher , Wolfram Schillinger , Verena Maier-Kiener","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cu-Sn alloy system exhibits diverse stable and metastable phases with complex phase transformations, making it attractive for applications requiring tailored mechanical and electrical performance. This study investigates the mechanical response of individual phases during ongoing phase transformations in a Cu-20 m.% Sn alloy. Heat treatments produced large-grained microstructures containing distinct phase combinations in equilibrium and non-equilibrium states. The evolving microstructure was characterized using light optical and scanning electron microscopy. Phase-specific hardness, Young’s modulus, and strain rate sensitivity were determined through room-temperature and high-temperature nanoindentation combined with electron back-scattered diffraction phase mapping, alongside compression testing. This method enables direct quantification of phase properties under phase transformation, separating the contributions of stable and metastable phases. Results reveal how transformation kinetics and solute interactions govern the phase-specific deformation bulk performance, offering new insights into structure–property relationships in Cu-Sn alloys. The methodology provides a framework for phase-specific property characterization in transforming systems, supporting the design of materials with transformation-informed properties optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114791"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High voltage rotary freestanding triboelectric nanogenerator with novel electrode pair relative position: Theoretical and experimental studies 具有新型电极对相对位置的高压旋转独立式摩擦纳米发电机：理论与实验研究

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114773

Ming Li , Tianyi Jiang , Liangyu Cao , Haoxiu Sun , Shanguo Zhang , Jiachao Tang , Yu Li , Hongyuan Jiang

{"title":"High voltage rotary freestanding triboelectric nanogenerator with novel electrode pair relative position: Theoretical and experimental studies","authors":"Ming Li , Tianyi Jiang , Liangyu Cao , Haoxiu Sun , Shanguo Zhang , Jiachao Tang , Yu Li , Hongyuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are widely used as ideal high-voltage sources in high-voltage equipment. However, there are still some high-voltage application demands that exceed the voltage range of traditional TENG. Here, we propose a high-voltage rotary freestanding TENG (HRF-TENG) with a simple structure. The HRF-TENG device is obtained by changing the relative positions of the electrode pairs (reducing the capacitance) in the traditional RF-TENG, which is inspired by the finite element (FEM) calculation of the traditional RF-TENG. The high-voltage mechanism is initially studied through FEM calculation and experiments, and the calculated output voltage can reach over 30 kV at 500 rpm. In addition, the current direction remains unchanged regardless of the rotation direction. The ultrahigh voltage from HRF-TENG is sufficient to break down the air gap to generate ozone, which achieves the ozone drinking water sterilization system. Drinking water containing 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/ml of <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> can be completely sterilized within 24 min and 28 min, respectively. Meanwhile, the electrospinning system can be directly driven by HRF-TENG without any circuit. All of these demonstrations prove the feasibility of HRF-TENG in the field of high-voltage applications. In summary, this work provides useful guidance for designing TENGs for high-voltage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114773"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress-constrained topology optimization of heterogeneous lattice structures for additive manufacturing 面向增材制造的非均质晶格结构应力约束拓扑优化

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114792

Zixin Yang , Jikai Liu , Shuzhi Xu , Yifan Guo

{"title":"Stress-constrained topology optimization of heterogeneous lattice structures for additive manufacturing","authors":"Zixin Yang , Jikai Liu , Shuzhi Xu , Yifan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a topology optimization method for heterogeneous lattice structures subject to stress constraints. The proposed approach extends the ordered SIMP (Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization) framework to incorporate a composite material failure criterion. Specifically, a modified Tsai–Hill yield criterion is employed to characterize the anisotropic yielding behavior of the heterogeneous lattice, which is subsequently integrated into the optimization as a stress constraint. To address the variation in yield strength across different lattice configurations, a normalization strategy is applied to the stress field. Additionally, a P-norm aggregation scheme is introduced to efficiently handle local stress constraints while reducing computational cost. The equivalent elastic tensor and yield strength of each lattice configuration are obtained using a representative volume element (RVE) based on homogenization theory. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a series of 2D cases, achieving lightweight structural designs that satisfy stress constraints. Finally, full-scale mechanical analysis and 3D printing experimental validation further confirm the strength reinforcement of the optimized results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114792"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the SLM process-structure-property relationship of a moderate Mg content Al-Mg-Si-Sc-Zr-Mn alloy 揭示了中等Mg含量Al-Mg-Si-Sc-Zr-Mn合金的SLM工艺-组织-性能关系

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114787

Rui Liu , Junquan Yu , Wenyou Zhang , Xiebin Wang , Jun Lin , Guoqun Zhao

{"title":"Unveiling the SLM process-structure-property relationship of a moderate Mg content Al-Mg-Si-Sc-Zr-Mn alloy","authors":"Rui Liu , Junquan Yu , Wenyou Zhang , Xiebin Wang , Jun Lin , Guoqun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selective Laser Melting (SLM) holds great promise for fabricating high-precision aluminum alloy components with complex geometries and lightweight structures. However, producing high-strength aluminum alloys with excellent mechanical properties remains hindered by poor printability and complex microstructural control. In this study, an Al-4.79 Mg-1.3Si-0.51Sc-0.27Zr-0.47Mn (wt.%) alloy was developed and processed via SLM. The SLM process-structure-property relationship of this alloy was investigated. Crack-free samples were achieved across a broad process window, indicating excellent crack resistance and adaptability. Good printability and high relative density over 99.5 % can be achieved at a laser power of 200-230 W and scanning speed of 1050 and 1150 mm/s, corresponding to a volumetric energy density (VED) of 60 J/mm<sup>3</sup>-73 J/mm<sup>3</sup>. The increase in the laser energy density promoted the formation of columnar grains and the widening of subgrain structures, and made the Mg<sub>2</sub>Si phase transformed from continuous to discontinuous morphology. The as-printed alloy exhibited 439 MPa tensile strength and 11.3 % elongation, attributed to grain refinement, reduced porosity, and the formation of the high dislocation density, 9R phase, and nanotwin. After aging, strength increased to 483 MPa and elongation decreased to 6.5 %. This study defines the process window and demonstrates a balance between high specific strength and cost efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114787"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-responsive injectable dECM hydrogel for sustained doxycycline delivery in osteoarthritis therapy 多反应性注射dECM水凝胶用于骨关节炎治疗中强力霉素的持续递送

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114785

Ximing Wang , Ting Zheng , Luyao Cai , Clara Chen , Junjie Xu , Jinzhong Zhao

{"title":"Multi-responsive injectable dECM hydrogel for sustained doxycycline delivery in osteoarthritis therapy","authors":"Ximing Wang , Ting Zheng , Luyao Cai , Clara Chen , Junjie Xu , Jinzhong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches are limited by rapid drug clearance from the joint cavity, necessitating frequent administrations and failing to provide sustained therapeutic effects. Injectable hydrogels that can persistently remain within the joint space represent a promising strategy for comprehensive OA treatment. Herein, an injectable hydrogel system based on dermal-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) engineered with N-isopropylacrylamide, tannic acid, and sodium tetraborate was developed to achieve superior lubrication and strong tissue adhesion. The hydrogel exhibits exceptional lubrication properties and robust tissue adhesion, enabling prolonged retention within the joint cavity while providing continuous cartilage protection. Its excellent shear-thinning behavior and rapid self-healing capability facilitate minimally invasive injection and ensure conformal coverage of defect sites. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that the hydrogel promotes cell proliferation, modulates anti-inflammatory responses, and significantly preserves cartilage integrity with enhanced proteoglycan and type II collagen (COL-2) expression. The sustained therapeutic efficacy was attributed to the hydrogel’s ability to maintain prolonged residence time while continuously delivering bioactive components and providing mechanical lubrication. These findings demonstrate that this multifunctional dECM-based injectable hydrogel represents a promising therapeutic platform for OA treatment suitable for clinical translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114785"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards understanding the design principle and rotation deformation mechanics of 3D chiral NPR structure with tunable mechanical responses 探讨具有可调力学响应的三维手性NPR结构的设计原理和旋转变形机理

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114784

Ruiqi Pan , Ruiying Luo , Wei Xiong , Qiaoyu Chen , Jiafeng Wu , Chunze Yan , Liang Hao , Jie Yin , Zheng Li , Ronghong Zhang , Lei Yang , Yan Li

{"title":"Towards understanding the design principle and rotation deformation mechanics of 3D chiral NPR structure with tunable mechanical responses","authors":"Ruiqi Pan , Ruiying Luo , Wei Xiong , Qiaoyu Chen , Jiafeng Wu , Chunze Yan , Liang Hao , Jie Yin , Zheng Li , Ronghong Zhang , Lei Yang , Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an innovative three-dimensional Negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) chiral structure was designed based on a 2D staggered rib architecture. This design integrates horizontally oriented chiral alternating ribs and vertically oriented Z-shaped configurations. Two optimized architectures, namely the wave-optimized structure (W-NPR) and the node-enhanced structure (N-NPR), were proposed and compared with the original folded structure (F-NPR). Characterization analysis revealed that the N-NPR structure exhibited superior formability, making it suitable for Digital Light Processing (DLP) fabrication. A parametric study on the mechanical performance of the N-NPR structure demonstrated that an increased volume fraction enhances the mechanical properties at the expense of structural compliance. Uniaxial tensile testing along the XY-plane and Z-axis confirmed the anisotropic Young’s modulus. Experimental and finite element simulations further revealed anisotropic behavior and a unique two-stage rotation-torsion compressive deformation mechanism of N-NPR, which enables advanced mechanical designs by enhancing the degree of freedom for deformation mode conversion. This work proposes a novel method for designing 3D NPR structures and elucidates its mechanical deformation mechanism, enabling transformative advances in aerospace, personalized healthcare, and adaptive wearable technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114784"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of irradiation temperature on the microstructure and hardness of W-0.3Cr alloy after irradiation with 6.4 MeV Fe ions 辐照温度对6.4 MeV Fe辐照后W-0.3Cr合金显微组织和硬度的影响

IF 7.9 2区材料科学

Materials & Design Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114783

Jing Wang , Jingxian Sun , Yingying Jia , Yifan Zhang , Yuji Hatano , Diancheng Geng , Katsuya Suzuki , Chang Chen , Laima Luo , Kiyohiro Yabuuchi , Ryuta Kasada

{"title":"Effect of irradiation temperature on the microstructure and hardness of W-0.3Cr alloy after irradiation with 6.4 MeV Fe ions","authors":"Jing Wang , Jingxian Sun , Yingying Jia , Yifan Zhang , Yuji Hatano , Diancheng Geng , Katsuya Suzuki , Chang Chen , Laima Luo , Kiyohiro Yabuuchi , Ryuta Kasada","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The W-0.3 at.% Cr alloy samples were irradiated with 6.4 MeV Fe ions at 773, 1073 and 1273 K, and the damage peak was 0.26 dpa. The evolution of the microstructure, defects, and hardness was investigated using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoindentation tests. The GIXRD results showed that diffraction peaks shifted towards lower 2θ values, indicating that lattice swelling was caused by irradiation-induced defects after irradiation at elevated temperatures. According to the TEM observations, the size of the dislocation loops remained nearly constant, while their number density decreased with an increase in irradiation temperature. The precipitation of Cr was not observed in the W-0.3Cr alloy after irradiation at 773 K. In contrast, it was significant in the samples irradiated at temperatures of 1073 and 1273 K, showing increases in both the size and number density of the precipitates. Irradiation hardening was observed in all samples, primarily attributed to the presence of dislocation loops. The hardness change was estimated with the dispersion barrier hardening model by taking into account the contributions of dislocation loops and Cr precipitates. The values evaluated with the model were significantly larger than those obtained with the nanoindentation tests. This difference was ascribed to the depletion of solute Cr atoms from the W matrix by precipitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":383,"journal":{"name":"Materials & Design","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114783"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0