Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Clinical psychopathology-based early relapse prediction model using speech and language in psychosis","authors":"Tyler C. Dalal ,&nbsp;Min Tae M. Park ,&nbsp;Angelica M. Silva ,&nbsp;Svetlana Iskhakova ,&nbsp;Alban Voppel ,&nbsp;Noah J. Brierley ,&nbsp;Michael MacKinley ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Olarewaju ,&nbsp;Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prediction of psychotic relapse using speech-derived markers promises targeted early intervention. However, the sheer number of speech markers and the ‘black box’ nature of predictive models challenges clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We propose a psychopathology-based systematic approach to identify likely relapse. We draw on the notion that the predictors of relapse should mark (1) the presence of schizophrenia in its untreated early stages and (2) track disorganization in psychosis. By leveraging Natural Language Processing, we derive 3 lexical, syntactic and narrative markers -semantic similarity, clause complexity, and analytic thinking index from speech samples of people with acute psychosis (<em>n</em> = 68) followed up for subsequent relapses over a year (12 out of 68).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Speech-based model predicted relapse status with strong evidence (Bayes Factor BF₁₀ = 79.5) against the clinical intuition model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a Bayesian approach, this preliminary study demonstrates the utility of psychopathology-guided variable selection for speech-based relapse prediction complementing clinical intuition in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empathic accuracy in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Using a task with dynamic real-life emotional stimuli","authors":"I.A. Meins ,&nbsp;E.C.D. van der Stouwe ,&nbsp;M. aan het Rot ,&nbsp;B.E. Sportel ,&nbsp;N. Boonstra ,&nbsp;G.H.M. Pijnenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Empathy as a key component of social cognition may be impaired in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. The Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) was designed to address the dynamic and interactive nature of real-world social interactions. This study aimed to examine empathic accuracy (EA) in UHR individuals compared to controls and to explore the relationship between EAT and traditional empathy measures and social functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UHR individuals (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 40) completed the EAT alongside the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, the Faux Pas Test and the Time Use Survey (TUS). Group differences in EAT performance were analyzed, and within-group correlations were examined between EAT scores and the TUS. Additionally, we investigated whether target characteristics (target gender, expressivity, and clip valence) moderated empathic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in EAT performance were found between groups. However, age emerged as a moderating factor, with older UHR individuals showing lower EA compared to younger UHR individuals and controls. Both groups performed better with positive videos and expressive targets. While UHR individuals reported lower social functioning and lower empathy scores on self-report measures, EAT performance did not correlate with these scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cognitive empathy appears preserved in UHR individuals, though subtle deficits may emerge with age. The lack of association between EA, self-reported empathy, and social functioning suggests that these approaches might assess distinct aspects of empathy, underscoring the complexity of empathy as an interpersonal process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No foreign language effect in Schizotypy: Evidence from German-English bilinguals","authors":"Steven Samuel ,&nbsp;Markus Boeckle","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has suggested that fewer schizophrenic and schizotypal traits are reported in a second language than a mother tongue. Such results make sense in the light of the so-called Foreign Language Effect (FLE), whereby bilinguals make more rational decisions and are less influenced by emotions and biases in a learned second language (L2) than a mother tongue (L1). However, this previous research is to date very limited, and apart from one large-scale quantitative study is based primarily on anecdotal evidence. In the study reported here, we gave German-English bilinguals the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire in either English or German. If doing the questionnaire in an L2 (here English) makes participants think more rationally and less emotionally, then fewer schizotypal traits should be reported in these participants than those who answer the same questions in their L1 (German). Results failed to support this hypothesis; there was no evidence that bilinguals reported fewer traits in their second language. We interpret these data as suggesting that the link between schizotypy (specifically) and language context may be weaker or less reliable than hitherto supposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impairments in biological motion perception reflect affective disturbance in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis","authors":"Sophia N. Parmacek ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Pratt ,&nbsp;Vijay A. Mittal","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social cognitive impairments are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Emotion recognition, a key component of social cognition, has been extensively examined in the CHR population, primarily with facial emotion recognition tasks, which have consistently demonstrated impairments. However, we have a limited understanding of whether the perception of broad bodily movements, known as biological motion processing (BM), contributes to emotion recognition impairment in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants completed the Point Light Walker (PLW) task, a paradigm that isolates body movement, to assess performance on BM processing. This study included 63 participants (34 CHR, 29 healthy controls (HC)). Symptom severity and functioning was measured by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), and the Negative Symptoms Inventory-Psychosis Risk (NSI-PR). Accuracy and response times (RTs) on the PLW were compared between groups using independent <em>t</em>-tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regressions were used to examine associations with symptom severity. CHR individuals showed reduced fear recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.015), longer RTs when responding to videos depicting fear (<em>p</em> = 0.022), and longer RTs for incorrect fear responses after controlling for sex (<em>p</em> = 0.046). Alogia showed a positive trending association with BM emotion recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.076), but performance did not otherwise relate to other symptoms. Additional analyses examined sex-specific patterns, revealing interaction effects for neutral accuracy and RTs to anger-related stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that CHR individuals may experience subtle impairments in recognizing fear and processing threat/high-arousal emotions. Consequently, impaired BM recognition and processing of fear might serve as an early indicator of psychosis risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early versus adult onset of schizophrenia: an examination of premorbid and current IQ","authors":"Tereza Calkova ,&nbsp;Anja Vaskinn ,&nbsp;Lynn Mørch-Johnsen ,&nbsp;Runar Elle Smelror ,&nbsp;Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Laura A. Wortinger ,&nbsp;Simon Cervenka ,&nbsp;Karin Collste ,&nbsp;Beathe Haatveit ,&nbsp;Christine Mohn ,&nbsp;Anne Margrethe Myhre ,&nbsp;Erik G. Jönsson ,&nbsp;Nils Eiel Steen ,&nbsp;Ole A. Andreassen ,&nbsp;Ingrid Melle ,&nbsp;Ingrid Agartz ,&nbsp;Torill Ueland ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Andreou","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive deficits are core findings in schizophrenia, but whether the severity of impairments is related to the age of onset remains unclear. We hypothesized that early onset schizophrenia (EOS; onset before age 19) is associated with lower IQ compared to adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS; onset from age 19).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 99 adult patients with EOS (age of onset: 15.3 ± 2.8 years), 282 adult patients with AOS (age of onset: 26.5 ± 7.4 years), and 863 adult healthy controls (HC). We assessed current IQ with Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) and estimated premorbid IQ with National Adult Reading Test (NART).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both patient groups had lower current IQ than HC (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Full-scale (<em>p</em> = 0.004), performance (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and verbal (<em>p</em> = 0.011) current IQ were significantly lower in EOS than in AOS, with 5 IQ units difference for all three measures. EOS and AOS did not differ in premorbid IQ, but EOS showed a steeper IQ decline from premorbid levels than AOS (11.4 vs. 8 IQ units, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.013).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EOS had lower current IQ than AOS, but did not differ in premorbid IQ, suggesting a larger decline from premorbid IQ levels. This could imply different neurodevelopmental processes underlying cognitive dysfunction related to age of onset in schizophrenia, underscoring the necessity for further inquiry into the mechanisms driving this decline and strategies for its prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between mental state decoding and real-world social functioning – An experience sampling investigation","authors":"Ronja Christensen ,&nbsp;Eva Velthorst ,&nbsp;Anne-Kathrin Fett","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Social cognition, particularly Theory of Mind (ToM), is thought to play a crucial role in social functioning. Patients with psychosis often exhibit ToM deficits, but research findings on associations with social outcomes in daily life remain conflicting.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated the relationship between mental state decoding, a core aspect of ToM, measured by the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and quantity and subjective quality of real-life social interactions in patients with psychosis, first-degree relatives, and controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 7-day Experience Sampling Method (ESM) design assessed the number and quality of real-life social interactions, including time spent alone vs. in social company, loneliness, feelings of social exclusion, preferences for company, being alone by choice, enjoyment of solitude, and perceived relationship quality in 27 patients with psychosis, 17 first-degree relatives, and 26 controls. All participants completed the RMET.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients scored lower on the RMET compared to both relatives (β = −0.13, <em>p</em> = .006) and controls (β = −0.19, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), suggesting mental state decoding deficits in patients. Relatives did not differ from controls (<em>p</em> = .17), suggesting no association with familial risk. Across groups, lower RMET scores predicted feelings of social exclusion (β = −0.05, <em>p</em> = .02) but there were no significant associations between RMET performance and other aspects of real-life social functioning (all <em>p</em> &gt; .7).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lower RMET performance was linked to greater feelings of social exclusion across groups but was unrelated to other indicators of real-life social functioning, including social emotions or frequency of social interactions. This finding is in line with other recent ESM studies, and highlights the importance of other, possibly more proximal factors for real-life social functioning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive functioning and hyperhomocysteinemia in schizophrenia","authors":"Ushasti Sinha ,&nbsp;Shambhavi Shiva ,&nbsp;Anirudh Rajan ,&nbsp;Abhiram Narasimhan Purohith ,&nbsp;Praveen Arahanthabailu ,&nbsp;Rajesh Krishna Bhandary ,&nbsp;P.S.V.N. Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Arabic version of the self-assessment of social cognitive impairments (ACSo) tool among a sample of patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Chadia Haddad ,&nbsp;Samah Al Aswad ,&nbsp;Hala Sacre ,&nbsp;Francois Kazour ,&nbsp;Helen Clery ,&nbsp;Jérôme Graux ,&nbsp;Sara Al Kadamani ,&nbsp;Adella Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Anthony Rizk ,&nbsp;Pascale Salameh ,&nbsp;Benjamin Calvet","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The social cognition aspect is today's research focus for improving the integration of patients with schizophrenia into society. This study analyzed the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Self-Assessment of Social Cognitive Impairments (ACSo) tool.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC), Lebanon, enrolled 116 chronic inpatients between July and November 2023. Subjective assessment of social cognitive complaints was done using ACSo. Other clinical and objective measurements were collected to validate the ACSo tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ACSo factor analysis revealed a 4-factor solution using the Promax rotated matrix. The Cronbach's alpha value for the scale was 0.656. The ACSo total score positively correlated with its items and factors. In the entire patient population, the ACSo was positively correlated with cognitive complaints (<em>r</em> = 0.560; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), achieving concurrent validity. A significant negative correlation was found between facial emotion recognition (TREF) and the total ACSo scale (<em>r</em> = −0.246, <em>p</em> = 0.002). A significant negative correlation was found between the false belief theory of mind (TOM-15) and the total ACSo scale (<em>r</em> = −0.286, <em>p</em> = 0.001). Comprehension beliefs (TOM-15) were not associated with the total ACSo scale and subscales. A negative association was found between the empathy scale and the total ACSo scale.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ACSo is a valuable tool for the self-assessment of social cognitive complaints in patients with schizophrenia since it demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and good concurrent and construct validity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International use of social cognition assessments: Commentary on Ziermans et al.","authors":"Michael F. Green ,&nbsp;Keith H. Nuechterlein","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145705309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: Real-world evidence from a cross-sectional survey of psychiatrists","authors":"Stephanie H. Read ,&nbsp;Artak Khachatryan ,&nbsp;Theresa A. Cassidy","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that can reduce functional capacity and quality of life in patients. However, it is unclear how physicians approach cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) in real-world clinical practice. This study examines the knowledge, attitudes and practices of psychiatrists towards CIAS in patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This non-interventional, cross-sectional study sampled psychiatrists across the US, UK and Germany with ≥36 months of clinical experience and who treated ≥5 patients with schizophrenia annually. Psychiatrists completed an online survey in December 2022 assessing their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Outcome variables were analysed descriptively (patient estimates: median [IQR]; psychiatrist characteristics: n [%]).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 121 eligible psychiatrists completed the survey. Psychiatrists estimated that 50.0 % (28.0;80.0) of patients with schizophrenia exhibited cognitive impairment and diagnosed CIAS in 25.0 % (10.0;50.0) of patients. CIAS symptoms reportedly worsened over time and were transient in 50.0 % (30.0;70.0) and 20.0 % (10.0;30.0) of patients, respectively. Working and studying were ranked the activities of daily living most disrupted by CIAS by 48.8 % (<em>n</em> = 59) of psychiatrists. Only 18.2 % (<em>n</em> = 22) of psychiatrists were aware of effective CIAS treatments and 59.5 % (<em>n</em> = 72) did not administer medication for CIAS. Psychiatrists employed a watch-and-wait strategy in 50.0 % (20.0;70.0) of patients with CIAS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates limited consensus among psychiatrists regarding CIAS characterisation, diagnosis and management. These insights highlight an unmet need for effective diagnosis and treatment of CIAS, necessitating further research to improve the evidence base for clinical guidelines informing CIAS management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}