Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for cognitive impairment in early stages of psychosis","authors":"Sebastian Corral ,&nbsp;Pablo A. Gaspar ,&nbsp;Rolando I. Castillo-Passi ,&nbsp;Rocío Mayol Troncoso ,&nbsp;Adrian P. Mundt ,&nbsp;Yuriy Ignatyev ,&nbsp;Rodrigo R. Nieto ,&nbsp;Alicia Figueroa-Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2024.100302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2024.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cognitive alterations have been reported in early stages of psychosis including people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP), Clinical High-Risk Mental State (CHR), and Psychotic-Like Experience (PLE). This study aimed to compare the cognitive function in early stages of psychosis using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a low-cost and brief assessment tool of cognitive functions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 154 individuals, including 35 with FEP, 38 CHR, 44 PLE, and 37 healthy controls (HC), were evaluated with the MoCA in Santiago, Chile. We calculated the mean total score of the MoCA and the standard deviation of the mean. Groups were assessed for a trend to lower scores in a pre-determined sequence (HC &gt; PLE &gt; CHR &gt; FEP) using the Jonckheere-Terpstra test (T_JT).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean total MoCA scores were 24.8 ± 3.3 in FEP, 26.4 ± 2.4 in CHR, 26.4 ± 2.3 in PLE, and 27.2 ± 1.8 in HC. The analyses revealed a significant trend (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) toward lower MoCA individual domain scores and MoCA total scores in the following order: HC &gt; PLE &gt; CHR &gt; FEP. The mean total scores of all groups were above the cut-off for cognitive impairment (22 points).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The MoCA describes lower scores in cognition across early stages of psychosis and may be a useful low-cost assessment instrument in early intervention centers of poorly resourced settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001324000039/pdfft?md5=587b5439eb1eff38cb600473207ca4c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001324000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139653021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between anemia and its correlates and cognitive function in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia: A large cross-sectional study","authors":"Yang Jiang ,&nbsp;Yi Cai ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Lu ,&nbsp;Guanghui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although both anemia and schizophrenia (SCZ) can cause cognitive decline, it is unclear whether anemia worsens cognitive decline in patients with SCZ. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anemia and the relationship between anemia, SCZ symptom severity, and cognitive function in patients with SCZ.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We obtained demographic and clinical data from 1690 inpatients with SCZ. All psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functioning were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Repeated Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Hemoglobin (HGB) values as well as red blood cell (RBC) counts were collected by routine blood tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The proportion of anemia in patients with SCZ was 26.36 % (383/1453). Compared to SCZ patients without anemia, SCZ patients with anemia were older, had a lower bodyweight, a smaller waist circumference and lower apolipoprotein B levels, but longer QT intervals. Further logistic regression analysis revealed that anemia was associated with age, gender, and weight. In addition, there was no difference in cognitive function between SCZ patients with and without anemia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest a high proportion of anemia in patients with chronic SCZ in the Han Chinese population. Several demographic and clinical variables are associated with anemia in SCZ patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001324000015/pdfft?md5=6d3386b437b972b7a0075de28ca6d8d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001324000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does cannabis affect cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia?","authors":"Hajar Rachid ,&nbsp;Zineb Saif ,&nbsp;Salma Raoui ,&nbsp;Zineb Serhier ,&nbsp;Mohamed Agoub","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cannabis use impairs cognitive performance in healthy subjects; several studies have shown improved cognitive outcomes in schizophrenic patients using cannabis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cannabis use on cognitive function in Moroccan patients with schizophrenia who were cannabis users.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Two groups were recruited in a Moroccan University Psychiatric Centre. Fifty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM-V who were cannabis users (SZ CANN +) and forty-nine patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-V who do not use cannabis (SZ CANN-). Cognitive functioning was assessed using the CogState neuropsychological battery.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results of the study suggest that SZ CANN- patients performed better in the test of psychomotor function, attention and verbal memory. While SZ CANN+ patients performed better in the test of working memory, visual memory and emotional recognition. We found no relationship between SZ CANN+ patients and SZ CANN- patients concerning executive function.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that cannabis use may have different effects on neurocognitive functioning. It is associated with disorders of psychomotor function, attention and verbal memory. So, it is associated with an improvement in working memory, visual memory and emotion recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001323000227/pdfft?md5=a01c48f832d65f3124deb88aab6d911f&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001323000227-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139033679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between negative and positive automatic thoughts and clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Tomoya Takeda,&nbsp;Masahito Nakataki,&nbsp;Hidehiro Umehara,&nbsp;Shusuke Numata","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the relationships between negative and positive automatic thoughts and clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia. The participants included 36 patients with schizophrenia (male = 16; female = 20; age = 42.86 ± 9.40) who were outpatients in the Department of Psychiatry at Tokushima University Hospital. We used the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Revised (ATQ-R), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) to assess negative and positive automatic thoughts, positive and negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurocognition, respectively. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships between negative and positive automatic thoughts and clinical variables. No relationship was observed between negative and positive automatic thoughts. Negative automatic thoughts were related to depressive symptoms. Positive automatic thoughts were related to neurocognition. We therefore surmise that each automatic thought might have different clinical features and outcomes, and should therefore be treated accordingly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001323000215/pdfft?md5=7c9fe04c7bce11908edd26e9ecfd7e26&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001323000215-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138475108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Range adaptation in schizophrenia: A one-year longitudinal study","authors":"Ling-ling Wang ,&nbsp;Jing-bo Gong ,&nbsp;Yi-hang Huang ,&nbsp;Shu-hong Shi ,&nbsp;Chao Yan ,&nbsp;Hui-xin Hu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Simon S.Y. Lui ,&nbsp;Kang Ju ,&nbsp;Raymond C.K. Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Range adaptation refers to the representation of a stimulus value based on its relative position in the range of pre-experienced values. Altered range adaptation in value representation may be related to motivation and pleasure (MAP) deficit in schizophrenia (SCZ). This follow-up study examined the relationship between range adaptation performance and MAP symptoms in SCZ patients. We recruited 26 schizophrenia patients and followed them for 1 year. They completed an experimental task for estimating their range adaptation to outcome value (OV) and expected value (EV) at baseline and after 1 year. At baseline, we found a marginally significant and negative correlation between OV adaptation and avolition symptoms in SCZ patients. Moreover, the 1-year change of EV adaptation was significantly and negatively correlated with the change of self-report pleasure experience. Our results suggest that range adaptation may track the variations of MAP symptoms in SCZ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001323000203/pdfft?md5=c0042dc8ed6ff96c447c81b063bb116f&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001323000203-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Category Fluency Test components and their association with cognition and symptoms in adolescents with schizophrenia","authors":"Rogelio Apiquian ,&nbsp;Ricardo Díaz ,&nbsp;Gamaliel Victoria ,&nbsp;Rosa-Elena Ulloa","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The category Fluency Test (CFT) is included in the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery for schizophrenia (MCCB). This test has several components that allow the exploration of other cognitive functions and could be related to different symptom profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>a sample of 98 Mexican adolescents was evaluated with the CFT and the following components were analyzed: total words, errors, clusters, switching, related words, and categories. Demographic and clinical differences among them and correlations with other MCCB tests and with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) factors were explored.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The CFT components showed significant correlations with each other and with other MCCB tests, particularly with those related to verbal learning, working memory, and speed of processing. In addition, they showed moderate correlations with the total PANSS score and with the negative, positive, and cognitive PANSS factors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The analysis of CFT components allows clinicians and investigators to obtain information regarding other cognitive functions and symptom profiles in adolescents with schizophrenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001323000197/pdfft?md5=5770bb1e8a9b576c25ee9f1690078207&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001323000197-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92027163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associative learning and facial expression recognition in schizophrenic patients: Effects of social presence","authors":"Khansa Charaf ,&nbsp;Mohamed Agoub ,&nbsp;Driss Boussaoud","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychiatric disorder that alters both general and social cognition. However, the exact mechanisms that are altered remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated associative learning (AL) and facial expression recognition (FER) in the same patients, using emotional expressions and abstract images. Our main aim was to investigate how these cognitive abilities are affected by SCZ and to assess the role of mere social presence, a factor that has not been considered before. The study compared the behavioral performance of 60 treated outpatients with SCZ and 103 demographically matched healthy volunteers. In the AL task, participants had to associate abstract images or facial expressions with key presses, guided by feedback on each trial. In the FER task, they had to report whether two successively presented facial expressions were the same or different. All participants performed the two tasks under two social context conditions: alone or in the presence of a passive but attentive audience. The results showed a severe learning impairment in patients compared to controls, with a slight advantage for facial expressions compared to abstract images, and a gender-dependent effect of social presence. In contrast, facial expression recognition was partially spared in patients and facilitated by social presence. We conclude that cognitive abilities are impaired in patients with SCZ, but their investigation needs to take into account the social context in which they are assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001323000185/pdfft?md5=12d759ab5dd132f4a8e1072abd244318&pid=1-s2.0-S2215001323000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91964413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the specificity of figurative language comprehension impairment in schizophrenia and its relation to cognitive skills but not psychopathological symptoms - Study on metaphor, humor and irony","authors":"Przemysław Adamczyk ,&nbsp;Joanna Biczak ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kotlarska ,&nbsp;Artur Daren ,&nbsp;Łukasz Cichocki","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People with schizophrenia have difficulty understanding figurative expressions, such as metaphors, humor or irony. The present study investigated the specificity of figurative language impairment in schizophrenia and its relation with cognitive and psychotic symptoms. It included 54 schizophrenia and 54 age and sex-matched healthy subjects who performed a cognitive screening (ACE-III) and figurative language comprehension task consisting of 60 short stories with three types of endings: a figurative one and its literal and an absurd (meaningless) counterparts. Each figurative domain – metaphor, humor, irony - was split into two sub-domains, i.e., conventional and novel metaphors, intended-to-be-funny and social-norm-violation jokes, simple irony and critical sarcasm, respectively. The main findings are: i) in schizophrenia, figurative language deficit manifests itself in each domain; ii) the most pronounced subdomain-specific impairment has been found for novel vs conventional metaphors and irony vs sarcasm; iii) altered figurative language comprehension was related to diminished cognitive abilities but not to psychopathology symptoms (PANSS) or other clinical characteristics. This may suggest that figurative language impairment, as a specific part of communication deficit, may be regarded as an essential characteristic of schizophrenia, related to primary cognitive deficits but independent of psychopathology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-report versus performance based executive functioning in people with psychotic disorders","authors":"B.C. van Aken ,&nbsp;R. Rietveld ,&nbsp;A.I. Wierdsma ,&nbsp;Y. Voskes ,&nbsp;G.H.M. Pijnenborg ,&nbsp;J. van Weeghel ,&nbsp;C.L. Mulder","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2023.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although executive functioning is often measured using performance-based measures, these measures have their limits, and self-report measures may provide added value. Especially since these two types of measures often do not correlate with one another. It thus has been proposed they might measure different aspects of the same construct. To explore the differences between a performance-based measure of executive functioning and a self-report measure, we examined their associations in patients with a psychotic disorder with the following: other neurocognitive measures; psychotic symptoms; anxiety and depression symptoms, and daily-life outcome measures.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This cross-sectional study consisted of baseline measures collected as part of a cohort study of people with a psychotic disorder (the UP'S study; <em>n</em> = 301). The Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning Adult version (BRIEF-A) was used to assess self-rated executive functioning, and the Tower of London (TOL) to assess performance-based executive functioning. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used with the appropriate distribution and link function to study the associations between TOL and BRIEF-A, and the other variables, including the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale-Remission (PANSS-R), the General Anxiety Disorder – 7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Model selection was based on the Wald test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The TOL was associated with other neurocognitive measures, such as verbal list learning (β = 0.24), digit sequencing (β = 0.35); token motor task (β = 0.20); verbal fluency (β = 0.24); symbol coding (β = 0.43); and a screener for intelligence (β = 2.02). It was not associated with PANNS-R or WHO-DAS scores. In contrast, the BRIEF-A was associated not with other neurocognitive measures, but with the PANSS-R (β = 0.32); PHQ-9 (β = 0.52); and GAD-7 (β = 0.55); and with all the WHODAS domains: cognition domain (β = 0.54), mobility domain (β = 0.30) and selfcare domain (β = 0.22).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Performance-based and self-report measures of executive functioning measure different aspects of executive functioning. Both have different associations with neurocognition, symptomatology and daily functioning measures. The difference between the two instruments is probably due to differences in the underlying construct assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50173303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrusive-like memory errors associate with positive schizotypy","authors":"William N. Koller ,&nbsp;Tyrone D. Cannon","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Schizophrenia is characterized by memory impairments, yet the relationships between its distinct symptom clusters (i.e., positive, negative, disorganized) and specific aspects of memory dysfunction remain poorly characterized. In the present study, we compiled a large analog sample (<em>N</em> = 795) to test whether positive symptoms, versus negative and disorganized symptoms, were uniquely and differentially related to false alarm versus miss errors during recognition memory. Mixed-effects beta regression analyses revealed that both positive schizotypy and paranoia were more strongly associated with false alarms than misses. Disorganized schizotypy showed a similar pattern, though to a lesser extent; negative schizotypy showed a significant relationship with neither false alarm nor miss errors. We suggest that those higher in positive schizotypy are especially prone to misattribute signal to noise stimuli during recognition memory – characteristic of an “intrusive-like” profile of memory impairment, wherein context-irrelevant stimuli trigger spurious retrieval events – and speculate on the neural processes that might give rise to this asymmetry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/ef/main.PMC10585314.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}