Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Visual suppression deficits as a biomarker of working memory impairment in schizophrenia","authors":"Cristina Filannino ,&nbsp;Elliot Freeman ,&nbsp;Andrew Parton ,&nbsp;Neelam Laxhman ,&nbsp;Corinna Haenschel","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Although working memory (WM) deficits are well established in schizophrenia (SZ), their underlying source is still unclear. It has been proposed that these WM deficits may depend on an imbalance between cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I), but its importance for SZ remains unclear. A potential biomarker for E/I is visual Surround Suppression (SS), where the apparent contrast of a central grating is typically suppressed by a surround with parallel orientation (versus orthogonal). Here we exploited the SS phenomenon to test whether E/I contributes to WM impairments in schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using centre-surround gratings, we measured psychophysical thresholds for contrast matching, detection and orientation discrimination, in 21 SZ patients and 20 matched controls. Using the same stimuli, we also measured WM accuracy and event-related potentials (ERPs) in a delayed-match-to-sample task.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In SZ participants, reduced SS predicted impaired WM performance as well as general cognitive measures (CANTAB). Similar relationships were also observed between other early visual measures (impaired contrast detection and orientation discrimination), WM and general cognition. In response to SS, there was reduced amplitude visual ERPs (P1, N1 and P2) in patients compared with controls. Furthermore, across both groups the P1 amplitude correlated with visual SS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Together, these findings provide evidence that imbalances in cortical excitation and inhibition may contribute to visual and some cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, and that SS may provide a behavioural and electrophysiological biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A 20-year prospective study of a community sample","authors":"Christine Mohn ,&nbsp;Anna-Karin Olsson ,&nbsp;Maivor Olsson-Tall ,&nbsp;Fredrik Hjärthag ,&nbsp;Iris van Dijk Härd ,&nbsp;Lars Helldin","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Longitudinal studies of neurocognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) usually follow relatively young first-episode patients across several years. Comparatively little is known about the neurocognitive trajectory of samples also consisting of older patients. This is a 20-year follow-up study of participants who performed the baseline assessment at different ages and utilizes data from the Swedish Clinical Long-Term Psychosis Study (CLIPS). At baseline, 61 SSD patients were included and available for clinical assessment after 20 years. Of these, 28 performed neurocognitive assessment at both baseline and 20 years later. The test results from this group were used for this study. After 20 years, the participants exhibited significantly worsening cognitive flexibility, verbal learning, verbal retention memory, and verbal intellectual function compared to baseline. All the statistically significant differences from baseline to follow-up had large effect sizes. The other cognitive domains showed no statistically significant changes from baseline for either group. We conclude that although the overall picture was one of neurocognitive stability across 20 years, our participants showed signs of accelerated ageing in the verbal domain specifically.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premorbid functioning trajectories and the one-year course of cognitive performance in first-episode psychosis: a cluster analysis in PSYSCAN","authors":"Margot I.E. Slot ,&nbsp;Hendrika H. van Hell ,&nbsp;Inge Winter-van Rossum ,&nbsp;George Gifford ,&nbsp;Paola Dazzan ,&nbsp;Arija Maat ,&nbsp;Lieuwe De Haan ,&nbsp;Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ,&nbsp;Birte Y. Glenthøj ,&nbsp;Colm McDonald ,&nbsp;Thérèse van Amelsvoort ,&nbsp;Celso Arango ,&nbsp;Irina Falkenberg ,&nbsp;Barnaby Nelson ,&nbsp;Silvana Galderisi ,&nbsp;Mark Weiser ,&nbsp;Gabriele Sachs ,&nbsp;Anke Maatz ,&nbsp;Jun Soo Kwon ,&nbsp;the PSYSCAN Consortium ,&nbsp;René S. Kahn","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We examined the course of cognitive performance in first-episode psychosis (FEP) compared to healthy controls (HC), and whether this varied across subgroups of patients defined by premorbid functioning (PMF) trajectories, using a clustering approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected in 302 FEP and 136 HC subjects participating in PSYSCAN (HEALTH.2013.2.2.1-2-FEP). K-means clustering (Euclidean distance) was used to cluster longitudinal trajectories of different PMF domains simultaneously. Since PMF was assessed retrospectively using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS), findings should be interpreted with caution, although PAS ratings have shown reasonable validity against prospective data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As expected, FEP showed impaired performance across all cognitive domains compared to HC. We identified four trajectories of PMF: a normal premorbid developmental trajectory (globally-normal, 21 %), stable intermediate PMF across domains (stable-intermediate, 29 %), stable poor or deteriorating PMF in the academic domain (normal-social/poor-academic, 29 %), and a globally impaired group with poor/deteriorating PMF across domains (globally-poor, 21 %). These clusters showed distinct levels of post-onset impairments in sustained visual attention, visual working memory and emotion recognition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms a positive association between PMF and cognitive performance in the early years following psychosis onset. It aligns with findings that individuals later diagnosed with schizophrenia already show developmental deficits/lags from childhood to early adolescence compared to normally developing children. As PMF can be considered a proxy for cognitive reserve, our results suggest that higher reserve acts as a buffer against cognitive decline and supports better performance on sustained visual attention, complex visual working memory, and aspects of emotion recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical psychopathology-based early relapse prediction model using speech and language in psychosis","authors":"Tyler C. Dalal ,&nbsp;Min Tae M. Park ,&nbsp;Angelica M. Silva ,&nbsp;Svetlana Iskhakova ,&nbsp;Alban Voppel ,&nbsp;Noah J. Brierley ,&nbsp;Michael MacKinley ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Olarewaju ,&nbsp;Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prediction of psychotic relapse using speech-derived markers promises targeted early intervention. However, the sheer number of speech markers and the ‘black box’ nature of predictive models challenges clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We propose a psychopathology-based systematic approach to identify likely relapse. We draw on the notion that the predictors of relapse should mark (1) the presence of schizophrenia in its untreated early stages and (2) track disorganization in psychosis. By leveraging Natural Language Processing, we derive 3 lexical, syntactic and narrative markers -semantic similarity, clause complexity, and analytic thinking index from speech samples of people with acute psychosis (<em>n</em> = 68) followed up for subsequent relapses over a year (12 out of 68).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Speech-based model predicted relapse status with strong evidence (Bayes Factor BF₁₀ = 79.5) against the clinical intuition model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a Bayesian approach, this preliminary study demonstrates the utility of psychopathology-guided variable selection for speech-based relapse prediction complementing clinical intuition in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent age-related cognitive impairments in first-episode psychosis","authors":"ChengFei Duan ,&nbsp;ChunHua Cao ,&nbsp;MingLiang Ju ,&nbsp;YanYan Wei ,&nbsp;XiaoChen Tang ,&nbsp;LiHua Xu ,&nbsp;HuiRu Cui ,&nbsp;YingYing Tang ,&nbsp;ZhengHui Yi ,&nbsp;Xin Wei ,&nbsp;JiJun Wang ,&nbsp;TianHong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a core feature of first-episode psychosis (FEP), but its age-associated cognitive patterns remain unclear. Prior studies suggest FEP is associated with baseline cognitive deficits and accelerated decline, yet inconsistencies exist regarding whether cognitive aging in FEP mirrors or diverges from healthy aging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compared 378 drug-naive FEP patients and 477 healthy controls (HC) using the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Clinical symptoms were evaluated via the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Age-correlations with cognitive domains were analyzed via Pearson's coefficients and Fisher's z-transformation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FEP patients showed significant deficits across all cognitive domains (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and disrupted age-associated cognitive patterns. In HC, age was associated with gradual declines in memory (e.g., HVLT-R <em>r</em> = −0.304, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), working memory (<em>r</em> = −0.168, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and learning functions, aligning with normative aging. FEP patients showed a complex pattern: while some executive functions (e.g., Trail Making A) mirrored HC's negative age correlations, social cognition (<em>r</em> = 0.174, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), attention (<em>r</em> = 0.125, <em>p</em> = 0.015), and specific learning domains exhibited positive age associations. Group comparisons revealed significant differences in age-cognition relationships for verbal memory, working memory, and overall cognitive composites (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0028 after Bonferroni correction), indicating disrupted cognitive aging in FEP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FEP disrupts normative cognitive aging patterns, characterized by atypical decline and compensatory improvements. These findings highlight the need for longitudinal studies to clarify mechanisms and inform age-adapted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a cognitive function assessment tool based on psychomotor function tests in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Yuma Shimizu ,&nbsp;Ippei Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Masakazu Hatano ,&nbsp;Manako Hanya ,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Fujita ,&nbsp;Nakao Iwata ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kamei","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive dysfunction has a significant impact on social functioning, such as employment, in patients with schizophrenia. However, existing cognitive assessments are time-consuming, impose a significant burden on patients, and require specialized training for evaluators, making them impractical for routine clinical use. Therefore, the present study investigated whether a simple and novel assessment tool, called Psychomotor Function Tests (PFT), correlates with existing Neuropsychological Tests (NT) and assessments with the Life Assessment Scale for the Mentally Ill (LASMI), which evaluates social functioning, including employment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cognitive function was examined in 24 patients with schizophrenia using NT (the Japanese Adult Reading Test, Trail Making Test (TMT), and word fluency test) and tablet-based PFT, while social functioning was evaluated using LASMI. Twenty-four healthy controls (HCs) underwent the same cognitive assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Psychomotor function, as evaluated by the choice reaction time, compensatory tracking test, and rapid visual information processing, was significantly worse in patients with schizophrenia than in HCs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the composite score of PFT correlated with the time required for TMT (<em>r</em> = −0.707, −0.637) and LASMI subscales related to work, endurance &amp; stability, self-recognition, required skills, and retention skills (<em>r</em> = −0.640, −0.689, −0.634, −0.420, −0.548).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PFT correlated with existing NT, which are widely used in cognitive function assessments. Cognitive function examined by PFT was closely associated with social functioning. These results suggest the potential of PFT for evaluating cognitive function in routine clinical settings for patients with schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equivalence verification of the electronic version of the Chinese Brief Cognitive Test (C-BCT): Focus on Chinese schizophrenia populations","authors":"Han Han ,&nbsp;Shuling Ye ,&nbsp;Mengjuan Xie ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Renrong Wu ,&nbsp;Dengtang Liu ,&nbsp;Shaohua Hu ,&nbsp;Yong Xu ,&nbsp;Huanzhong Liu ,&nbsp;Xijin Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Zhu ,&nbsp;Huaning Wang ,&nbsp;Shaohong Zou ,&nbsp;Tao Li ,&nbsp;Wanjun Guo ,&nbsp;Xiufeng Xu ,&nbsp;Yuqi Cheng ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Juan Yang ,&nbsp;Min Peng ,&nbsp;Chuan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To complete the preparation of the electronic version of C-BCT, verifying the criterion validity of the electronic version of C-BCT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>747 healthy subjects and 139 schizophrenics completed the electronic version of C-BCT and MCCB. To measure psychotic symptoms and severity, patients with schizophrenia completed the PANSS scale. Mean, standard deviation, percentage, etc. were used to describe demographic variables. One-way analysis of variance and independent sample <em>t-</em>test were used to compare differences between groups. MCCB as a calibration tool, criterion validity was examined using Pearson product moment correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the equivalence analysis of the healthy group, all tests have good calibration validity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). SC and TMT-A showed moderate correlation (r- value ranged from 0.572 to 0.651, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), DS showed a weak correlation(<em>r</em> = 0.373, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), CPT showed a weak correlation (r- value ranged from 0.219 to 0.444, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), the comprehensive scores of the two sets of cognitive tools showed a strong correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.739, p &lt; 0.01). In the equivalence analysis of the patient group, TMT-A and SC showed strong correlation (r- value ranged from 0.754 to 0.803, p &lt; 0.01), DS showed a weak correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.381, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), the cognitive tools comprehensive score was significantly strong correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.755, p &lt; 0.01), there was no correlation between CPT(<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). In the healthy group, there was a correlation between the scores of each subtest of the electronic version of C-BCT and the comprehensive scores of the two cognition tools, (r- value ranged from 0.261 to 0.824, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). In the patient group, there was a correlation between the scores of each subtest and the comprehensive scores of the two tools,(r- value ranged from 0.266 to 0.778, p &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The electronic version of C-BCT has been compiled. The electronic version of the C-BCT performs well in overall calibration validity and could be used to assess the cognitive function of schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous self-experience in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Phenomenological and psychopathological correlates","authors":"Alessio Mosca ,&nbsp;Stefania Chiappini ,&nbsp;Arianna Pasino ,&nbsp;Andrea Miuli ,&nbsp;Carlotta Marrangone ,&nbsp;Mauro Pettorruso ,&nbsp;Giovanni Martinotti","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) are increasingly recognized as core features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, reflecting disruptions of the pre-reflective self or <em>ipseity</em>. While ASEs have been conceptualized as foundational to psychotic vulnerability, their empirical associations with broader clinical and psychological dimensions remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ASEs, schizotypal traits, general psychopathology, personality dimensions, and intolerance of uncertainty in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional sample of clinically stable patients (<em>n</em> = 30) with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders was assessed using the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine associations and predictive factors of self-disturbance severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EASE scores were significantly correlated with SPQ total and cognitive-perceptual dimensions, general psychopathology (PANSS), and intolerance of uncertainty. Regression analysis identified SPQ total positive percentage, PANSS general psychopathology scores, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty as significantly associated with ASEs, explaining 42 % of the total variance. BFQ personality traits showed no significant predictive value.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings support the conceptualization of ASEs as a core, trait-like feature of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The study highlights the interconnection between self-disturbance and schizotypy, affective dysregulation, and experiential disorganization. Incorporating phenomenological assessment into routine clinical practice may enhance early detection and inform targeted therapeutic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognition before and after psychosis onset: A naturalistic study of change, heterogeneity, and prognosis","authors":"Maria Lee ,&nbsp;Alexis E. Cullen ,&nbsp;Granville J. Matheson ,&nbsp;Zheng-An Lu ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Bergen ,&nbsp;Carl M. Sellgren ,&nbsp;Sophie Erhardt ,&nbsp;Helena Fatouros-Bergman ,&nbsp;Simon Cervenka","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of psychotic disorders. The degree of impairment varies greatly between individuals, which may reflect different levels of decline from pre-morbid functioning. Diverse trajectories of cognitive change prior to or during development of psychosis have been hypothesized to reflect distinct underlying pathological processes. Our primary aim was to model cognitive change over time in a sample of individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and controls. The secondary aim was to explore associations between cognitive change, clinical outcomes and select biological markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our sample consisted of 72 individuals with FEP and 53 controls. School grades from nationwide population registers were used as a proxy for pre-morbid cognitive ability. All participants underwent formal cognitive testing at psychosis onset, with a subset returning for testing at 1,5 year follow up. Cognitive change was modelled using linear mixed-effects models, and resulting change scores were correlated to polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid levels of complement protein C4A and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Groups did not differ in school performance prior to psychosis. Psychosis onset was associated with marked cognitive decline in FEP individuals, who subsequently performed significantly worse than controls. However, cognitive change over time varied widely between FEP individuals. Degree of cognitive change was not associated with the selected biological variables but did predict worse clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individual cognitive trajectories may be a clinically relevant topic for further study, and larger studies are needed to further explore their potential role in stratified models of care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptom severity and cognitive performance in patients with substance induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia: a cross-sectional comparative study","authors":"Kaloyan Stoychev ,&nbsp;Ivanka Veleva ,&nbsp;Eleonora Mineva-Dimitrova ,&nbsp;Petranka Chumpalova ,&nbsp;Emiliya Dimitrova","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and hypothesis</h3><div>psychotic disorders induced by substances like marijuana, amphetamines and methamphetamines (SIPDs) are a growing mental health problem, yet the question do they represent a separate psychotic class independent from schizophrenia (SZ) still stands. Studies comparing clinical and cognitive performance of SIPD and SZ patients have produced inconsistent results.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 62 subjects divided into two statistically matched groups (<em>n</em> = 31 each) with SZ and SIPD respectively. We compared the clinical severity of their symptoms as measured by the positive and negative PANSS scores. We then applied the following neurocognitive battery – 10 Words Memory Test of Luria for verbal learning and verbal memory; Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Benton Visual Retention Test for processing speed and visual memory; Trail Making Test Part A &amp; B for attention and cognitive flexibility (along with DSST); Logical Memory Test (LMT) for episodic memory and thinking disorders; Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) for semantic memory and language. We referenced the performance results of the two groups to the normative values of each of the tests.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>SZ subjects had significantly higher positive and negative PANSS scores and greater impairment in all cognitive domains except semantic memory and language (VFT). Compared to the normative values of all tests both SZ and SIPD patients performed poorer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our data support the assumption that the two conditions share a common underlying neurobiological vulnerability that is more pronounced quantitatively in schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}