Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive profiles in older adults with psychotic disorders: Results from routine clinical assessments","authors":"Imane Nait Abbou ,&nbsp;Camille Maheu-Savard ,&nbsp;Francisca Chalifoux ,&nbsp;Jessika Roy-Desruisseaux ,&nbsp;Jean-François Trudel ,&nbsp;Jean-Robert Maltais","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is common in older adults with psychotic disorders; however, few studies have examined their performance on widely used cognitive screening tools. This study aimed to characterize the cognitive profile of this population using four commonly administered instruments: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 77 adults aged ≥60 years with a diagnosed psychotic disorder underwent cognitive assessment using the MMSE, 3MS, MoCA, and FAB. Demographic and clinical data were also collected, including psychiatric symptom severity (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PANSS), functional status (Specific Level of Functioning Scale; SLOF), and education level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median scores were 28/30 (MMSE), 92/100 (3MS), 22/30 (MoCA), and 15/18 (FAB). Cognitive deficits were most prominent in delayed recall, verbal fluency, inhibitory control, abstraction, and visuospatial function. Principal component analysis revealed strong positive correlations among cognitive performance, educational attainment, and functional capacity. PANSS total and negative symptom scores were negatively correlated with MMSE, 3MS, and FAB scores. No distinct cognitive subgroups were identified, suggesting a relatively homogeneous cognitive profile across the sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Older adults with psychotic disorders exhibit consistent impairments across specific cognitive domains. Familiarity with these patterns may help clinicians distinguish typical cognitive changes in this population from atypical profiles that warrant further investigation, including referral to geriatric psychiatry or memory clinics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech under stress: Affective and cognitive reactivity in schizophrenia and their functional correlates","authors":"Kyle S. Minor ,&nbsp;Madisen T. Russell ,&nbsp;Evan J. Myers ,&nbsp;Audrey T. Satchivi ,&nbsp;Maya E. Brown-Hughston ,&nbsp;Erica L. Whiting ,&nbsp;Deborah Daluga ,&nbsp;Rachel C. Marks ,&nbsp;Michaela M. Di Palmo ,&nbsp;Basma O. Aly","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disorganized speech is a core diagnostic criterion of schizophrenia, yet mechanisms driving its variability remain unclear. Building on evidence from schizotypy and first-episode psychosis literature, we examined whether affective and cognitive systems influence speech disorganization in schizophrenia. Thirty-five individuals with schizophrenia (n = 35) and 37 healthy controls completed a validated speech paradigm across three conditions: neutral, affective, and cognitive load. Trained raters assessed disorganized speech using the Communication Disturbances Index (CDI). Reactivity was quantified using standardized residual change scores. The schizophrenia group exhibited significantly greater disorganized speech across all conditions (<em>d</em> = 0.58–0.89). Of note, affective reactivity emerged only when using regression-based analyses controlling for neutral condition disorganization, not with repeated-measures ANOVA—revealing important methodological considerations for detecting subtle stress-vulnerability patterns. Despite well-documented cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, cognitive reactivity was not observed. Both affective and cognitive reactivity showed medium inverse correlations with neurocognitive functioning (<em>r</em> = −0.36 to −0.41), but lower correlations with social or role functioning, contrasting with findings in earlier illness stages. These results demonstrate that disorganized speech in schizophrenia is contextually sensitive, with reactivity patterns linked to cognitive impairment. Furthermore, it builds upon prior evidence in schizotypy and first-episode psychosis groups, establishing associations across the psychosis-spectrum. Future research should explore how reactivity patterns evolve across illness stages to inform tailored interventions targeting emotion regulation and cognitive remediation based on individual reactivity profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Ziermans, Hajdúk, Pinkham, et al.'s “Call to Action on Social Cognition Measures in Clinical Research”","authors":"Francesca Happé","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosis-proneness is associated with reduced cognitive error-monitoring during instrumental learning","authors":"Wanchen Zhao ,&nbsp;Samuel D. McDougle ,&nbsp;Tyrone D. Cannon","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People higher in psychosis-proneness tend to resist belief revision despite contradictory evidence, potentially due to impaired error-monitoring. Post-error slowing (PES), one measure of error-monitoring, is linked to working memory (WM) recruitment. With limited WM capacity, psychosis-proneness could impair belief updating through poor error-monitoring during instrumental learning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>153 participants from Prolific were included in final analyses. To investigate how error-monitoring may explain impaired belief updating among those with psychosis-proneness, we implemented a Visuomotor Reinforcement Learning Task with varying WM loads, Interpretation Inflexibility Task, and Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale – Brief.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with higher positive schizotypy showed less PES at lower loads on the visuomotor instrumental learning task. WM capacity was associated positively with PES but negatively with positive schizotypy. Notably, it is only among participants higher in positive schizotypy that reduced PES associated with more severe belief inflexibility</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that impaired top-down error monitoring in psychosis-proneness may stem from WM limitations, leading to greater reliance on slower RL-based learning. This cognitive profile might prevent efficient belief adjustment and error correction, connecting executive function deficits in psychosis-proneness to performance monitoring and cognitive inflexibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Ziermans T. et al. “Call to Action on Social Cognition Measures”","authors":"Ruben C. Gur ,&nbsp;Raquel E. Gur","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does neurocognition predict personal recovery over time in psychotic disorder patients?","authors":"R. Rietveld ,&nbsp;A.M. Kamperman ,&nbsp;B.C. van Aken ,&nbsp;G.H.M. Pijnenborg ,&nbsp;C.L. Mulder","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2026.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Personal recovery has been recognized as an important goal in patients with psychotic disorders. It is defined as a deeply personal, unique process of living a satisfying life even with the limitations caused by the illness. Neurocognitive impairments are a core feature of psychotic disorders and proven to be a key determinant of functional outcomes, such as daily- and social functioning, work and independent living. However, the relationship with personal recovery remains unclear. Few studies investigated the relationship, and the findings remains inconclusive. This study explores the relationship between neurocognition and personal recovery, both cross-sectionally and over a year time.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data from baseline and T1 (one year later) was used from the UP's cohort; this is a longitudinal observational study (<em>n</em> = 366) of schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients. Personal recovery was assessed using the ReQOL and the Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC). Neurocognition was assessed using the BACS (composite score and subdomains). Linear mixed models were used to analyze the association between neurocognition and personal recovery over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Global neurocognition and neurocognitive domains (verbal memory, working memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, attention and executive function) were not associated with personal recovery at baseline and after a one-year period. The models controlling for age and sex explained only a small proportion of the variance, adding the PANSS-R significantly improved the explained variance. Additional analyses showed robust finding across different personal recovery measures using the I.ROC. Personal recovery improved with 6.9% between baseline and one year later: the ReQOL improved from 57.6% to 64.5%, the I.ROC improved from 43.9% to 50.8%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neurocognition did not predict personal recovery in this study. Patients with and without neurocognitive impairments showed similar levels of personal recovery at baseline and over a one-year time. This finding suggests that personal recovery can be accomplished in the presence of neurocognitive impairments and highlights the importance of addressing both domains independently. Psychotic symptoms are a stronger predictor of personal recovery than neurocognitive impairments. Future research is needed to investigate possible indirect relationships through metacognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical psychopathology-based early relapse prediction model using speech and language in psychosis","authors":"Tyler C. Dalal ,&nbsp;Min Tae M. Park ,&nbsp;Angelica M. Silva ,&nbsp;Svetlana Iskhakova ,&nbsp;Alban Voppel ,&nbsp;Noah J. Brierley ,&nbsp;Michael MacKinley ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Olarewaju ,&nbsp;Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prediction of psychotic relapse using speech-derived markers promises targeted early intervention. However, the sheer number of speech markers and the ‘black box’ nature of predictive models challenges clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We propose a psychopathology-based systematic approach to identify likely relapse. We draw on the notion that the predictors of relapse should mark (1) the presence of schizophrenia in its untreated early stages and (2) track disorganization in psychosis. By leveraging Natural Language Processing, we derive 3 lexical, syntactic and narrative markers -semantic similarity, clause complexity, and analytic thinking index from speech samples of people with acute psychosis (<em>n</em> = 68) followed up for subsequent relapses over a year (12 out of 68).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Speech-based model predicted relapse status with strong evidence (Bayes Factor BF₁₀ = 79.5) against the clinical intuition model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a Bayesian approach, this preliminary study demonstrates the utility of psychopathology-guided variable selection for speech-based relapse prediction complementing clinical intuition in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empathic accuracy in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Using a task with dynamic real-life emotional stimuli","authors":"I.A. Meins ,&nbsp;E.C.D. van der Stouwe ,&nbsp;M. aan het Rot ,&nbsp;B.E. Sportel ,&nbsp;N. Boonstra ,&nbsp;G.H.M. Pijnenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Empathy as a key component of social cognition may be impaired in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. The Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) was designed to address the dynamic and interactive nature of real-world social interactions. This study aimed to examine empathic accuracy (EA) in UHR individuals compared to controls and to explore the relationship between EAT and traditional empathy measures and social functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UHR individuals (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 40) completed the EAT alongside the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, the Faux Pas Test and the Time Use Survey (TUS). Group differences in EAT performance were analyzed, and within-group correlations were examined between EAT scores and the TUS. Additionally, we investigated whether target characteristics (target gender, expressivity, and clip valence) moderated empathic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in EAT performance were found between groups. However, age emerged as a moderating factor, with older UHR individuals showing lower EA compared to younger UHR individuals and controls. Both groups performed better with positive videos and expressive targets. While UHR individuals reported lower social functioning and lower empathy scores on self-report measures, EAT performance did not correlate with these scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cognitive empathy appears preserved in UHR individuals, though subtle deficits may emerge with age. The lack of association between EA, self-reported empathy, and social functioning suggests that these approaches might assess distinct aspects of empathy, underscoring the complexity of empathy as an interpersonal process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impairments in biological motion perception reflect affective disturbance in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis","authors":"Sophia N. Parmacek ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Pratt ,&nbsp;Vijay A. Mittal","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social cognitive impairments are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Emotion recognition, a key component of social cognition, has been extensively examined in the CHR population, primarily with facial emotion recognition tasks, which have consistently demonstrated impairments. However, we have a limited understanding of whether the perception of broad bodily movements, known as biological motion processing (BM), contributes to emotion recognition impairment in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants completed the Point Light Walker (PLW) task, a paradigm that isolates body movement, to assess performance on BM processing. This study included 63 participants (34 CHR, 29 healthy controls (HC)). Symptom severity and functioning was measured by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), and the Negative Symptoms Inventory-Psychosis Risk (NSI-PR). Accuracy and response times (RTs) on the PLW were compared between groups using independent <em>t</em>-tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regressions were used to examine associations with symptom severity. CHR individuals showed reduced fear recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.015), longer RTs when responding to videos depicting fear (<em>p</em> = 0.022), and longer RTs for incorrect fear responses after controlling for sex (<em>p</em> = 0.046). Alogia showed a positive trending association with BM emotion recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.076), but performance did not otherwise relate to other symptoms. Additional analyses examined sex-specific patterns, revealing interaction effects for neutral accuracy and RTs to anger-related stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that CHR individuals may experience subtle impairments in recognizing fear and processing threat/high-arousal emotions. Consequently, impaired BM recognition and processing of fear might serve as an early indicator of psychosis risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early versus adult onset of schizophrenia: an examination of premorbid and current IQ","authors":"Tereza Calkova ,&nbsp;Anja Vaskinn ,&nbsp;Lynn Mørch-Johnsen ,&nbsp;Runar Elle Smelror ,&nbsp;Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Laura A. Wortinger ,&nbsp;Simon Cervenka ,&nbsp;Karin Collste ,&nbsp;Beathe Haatveit ,&nbsp;Christine Mohn ,&nbsp;Anne Margrethe Myhre ,&nbsp;Erik G. Jönsson ,&nbsp;Nils Eiel Steen ,&nbsp;Ole A. Andreassen ,&nbsp;Ingrid Melle ,&nbsp;Ingrid Agartz ,&nbsp;Torill Ueland ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Andreou","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive deficits are core findings in schizophrenia, but whether the severity of impairments is related to the age of onset remains unclear. We hypothesized that early onset schizophrenia (EOS; onset before age 19) is associated with lower IQ compared to adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS; onset from age 19).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 99 adult patients with EOS (age of onset: 15.3 ± 2.8 years), 282 adult patients with AOS (age of onset: 26.5 ± 7.4 years), and 863 adult healthy controls (HC). We assessed current IQ with Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) and estimated premorbid IQ with National Adult Reading Test (NART).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both patient groups had lower current IQ than HC (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Full-scale (<em>p</em> = 0.004), performance (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and verbal (<em>p</em> = 0.011) current IQ were significantly lower in EOS than in AOS, with 5 IQ units difference for all three measures. EOS and AOS did not differ in premorbid IQ, but EOS showed a steeper IQ decline from premorbid levels than AOS (11.4 vs. 8 IQ units, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.013).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EOS had lower current IQ than AOS, but did not differ in premorbid IQ, suggesting a larger decline from premorbid IQ levels. This could imply different neurodevelopmental processes underlying cognitive dysfunction related to age of onset in schizophrenia, underscoring the necessity for further inquiry into the mechanisms driving this decline and strategies for its prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}