Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.最新文献_第2页

Insight into the Self-Assembly Behaviors of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using a “Computational Microscope” 用“计算显微镜”观察全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质的自组装行为

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0108110.1021/acs.estlett.4c01081

Bei Yan*, Riccardo Alessandri, Siewert J. Marrink, Linda S. Lee and Jinxia Liu*,

{"title":"Insight into the Self-Assembly Behaviors of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using a “Computational Microscope”","authors":"Bei Yan*, Riccardo Alessandri, Siewert J. Marrink, Linda S. Lee and Jinxia Liu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0108110.1021/acs.estlett.4c01081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01081https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01081","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) have been extensively used for firefighting, contributing to environmental contamination with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Most PFAS in AFFFs are fluorosurfactants, known to self-assemble into large supramolecular assemblies in the field of physical chemistry; however, the application of this phenomenon to understanding environmental fate has not been studied. We hypothesize that self-assembled PFAS likely enhance the long-term retention of PFAS in subsurface environments, acting as a continuous source of dissolved PFAS. Thus, characterizing these self-assemblies and understanding their aggregation dynamics are crucial for assessing the fate and transport of PFAS. Despite the utility of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in studying surfactant behaviors, fluorosurfactants have been underexplored due to the lack of force field parameters. In this study, we developed coarse-grained (CG) force field parameters for fluorosurfactants based on the Martini 3 model and performed CG-MD simulations. These “computational microscope” simulations reveal the self-assembly behavior of selected PFAS, aligning with experimental cryo-transmission electron microscopy observations and providing mechanistic insights. Our work sheds light on the evolution of solvated PFAS self-assemblies over time and space. The CG-MD simulation can particularly address the knowledge gaps for new PFAS that are difficult to explore experimentally due to the lack of chemical standards.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"626–631 626–631"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PM2.5 Components and Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities: Identifying Critical Exposure Windows PM2.5成分与胎儿染色体异常：识别关键暴露窗口

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0020610.1021/acs.estlett.5c00206

Xiaozhou Li, Yuqi Guo, Deyan Wu, Jia Xu, Bin Han, Xueli Yang, Duan Ju, Ying Zhang, Zhipeng Bai, Chen Li* and Liwen Zhang*,

{"title":"PM2.5 Components and Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities: Identifying Critical Exposure Windows","authors":"Xiaozhou Li, Yuqi Guo, Deyan Wu, Jia Xu, Bin Han, Xueli Yang, Duan Ju, Ying Zhang, Zhipeng Bai, Chen Li* and Liwen Zhang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0020610.1021/acs.estlett.5c00206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00206https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00206","url":null,"abstract":"PM2.5 is genotoxic and linked to fetal chromosomal abnormalities. This study aims to explore the association between PM2.5 components (SO42–, NO3–, NH4+, OM, BC) and fetal chromosomal abnormalities. We conducted a cross-sectional study spanning four consecutive years (2019–2022), using samples collected from General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. A total of 901 samples were analyzed, including 95 cases. Logistic regression and stratified analyses were employed to examine the associations between specific PM2.5 components and fetal chromosomal abnormalities across 14 distinct exposure windows. The goal was to identify the critical periods of exposure that may contribute to fetal chromosomal abnormalities and to screen vulnerable subgroups. Our findings revealed significant associations between PM2.5 components (NO3–, NH4+, OM) and fetal chromosomal abnormalities during four key exposure windows: 8, 12, and 16 weeks prior to the last menstrual period, as well as during spermatogenesis. Younger pregnant women (<35 years) and those with higher or lower BMI were found to be more susceptible to PM2.5 components, increasing the risk to their fetus. These findings suggest that minimizing maternal exposure to PM2.5 during these critical time windows and maintaining a normal BMI may effectively reduce the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"482–489 482–489"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frazil Ice Formation Causes Divergent Levels of Microplastic and Nanoplastic Accumulation in Sea Ice 冰的形成导致海冰中微塑料和纳米塑料的积累水平不同

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0028210.1021/acs.estlett.5c00282

Florian Odic, Alice Pradel*, Martin Schneebeli and Denise M. Mitrano*,

{"title":"Frazil Ice Formation Causes Divergent Levels of Microplastic and Nanoplastic Accumulation in Sea Ice","authors":"Florian Odic, Alice Pradel*, Martin Schneebeli and Denise M. Mitrano*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0028210.1021/acs.estlett.5c00282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00282https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00282","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution is found in polar sea ice with concentrations of microplastics (MPs, 1 μm–5 mm) 2 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than in the underlying seawater. Such accumulation is often attributed to the scavenging of MPs by rising frazil ice crystals, but there is no direct evidence of such a process. Furthermore, nanoplastics (NPs, 1 nm–1 μm) are suspected to be present, but their fate is unknown due to the lack of field measurements. Here micro- and nanoplastics’ (MNPs) enrichment by frazil ice was quantified using model particles and an experimental setup which generated realistic frazil ice. Particle size had a significant impact on behavior: on one hand, high-density MPs concentrations were 2.97 ± 1.13 times higher in the ice than in the underlying water, which is consistent with field observations. On the other hand, NPs were depleted to the same extent as sea salts, by a factor of 0.32 ± 0.13. Like salts, NPs may be locally enriched in the brine channels and pockets of sea ice where microalgae thrive. Overall, this work shows that frazil ice plays an important role in the cycling of MNPs, as it can concentrate MPs in sea ice and concentrate NPs locally in brine channels and pockets.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"655–660 655–660"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicity of Haloacetonitrile Mixtures to a Normal Tissue-Derived Human Cell Line: Are They Additive, Synergistic, or Antagonistic? 卤乙腈混合物对正常组织来源的人类细胞系的毒性：它们是相加性、增效性还是拮抗性？

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0020010.1021/acs.estlett.5c00200

Thilina K. Jayawardana, Aaron A. Goodarzi, Ebba U. Kurz, Tatek Temesgen and Susana Y. Kimura*,

{"title":"Toxicity of Haloacetonitrile Mixtures to a Normal Tissue-Derived Human Cell Line: Are They Additive, Synergistic, or Antagonistic?","authors":"Thilina K. Jayawardana, Aaron A. Goodarzi, Ebba U. Kurz, Tatek Temesgen and Susana Y. Kimura*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0020010.1021/acs.estlett.5c00200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00200https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00200","url":null,"abstract":"Haloacetonitriles (HANs)─a class of nitrogen-containing disinfection byproducts found in treated drinking water─are cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. However, most cell toxicity data have been ascertained by using transformed animal- or cancer-derived human cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of individual chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-acetonitrile (ClCH2CN, BrCH2CN, and ICH2CN) and their mixtures using normal tissue-derived human epithelium-derived RPE-1hTERT cells. The order for individual HAN cytotoxicity from most to least toxic was ICH2CN > BrCH2CN ≫ ClCH2CN with the inhibitory concentration that reduced the cell viability by 50% of the untreated cells (IC50) of 2.52 ± 0.19, 7.24 ± 0.68, and 190 ± 18.5 μM, respectively. For HAN mixtures, cytotoxicity from most to least toxic was BrCH2CN+ICH2CN > ICH2CN+ClCH2CN ≈ ClCH2CN+BrCH2CN+ICH2CN > ClCH2CN+BrCH2CN with a total IC50 of 4.65 ± 0.71, 8.12 ± 1, 7.91 ± 0.64, and 13.6 ± 2.04 μM, respectively. The cytotoxicity of all four mixtures at IC50 was well predicted by both concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models, which confirmed additivity effects. However, the Chou–Talalay method (CT) showed antagonistic cytotoxic effects. The difference could primarily stem from the different threshold criteria of each model for additivity, synergy, and antagonism, leading to different conclusions. Results indicate that evaluating cumulative mixture toxic effects with CA, IA, and CT can improve the overall confidence of the analysis.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"476–481 476–481"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Active Soil Layer of Thawing Permafrost Is an Emergent Source for Organic Substances of Concern to Water Resources. 冻土融化后的活性土层是水资源中重要有机物质的紧急来源。

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-21 eCollection Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275

Min Han, Biao Jin, Hans Peter H Arp

{"title":"The Active Soil Layer of Thawing Permafrost Is an Emergent Source for Organic Substances of Concern to Water Resources.","authors":"Min Han, Biao Jin, Hans Peter H Arp","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275","url":null,"abstract":"The Tibetan Plateau and surrounding area are an important source of freshwater for approximately two billion people. Climate change has aggregated permafrost degradation in the Tibetan Plateau over the last few decades, mobilizing organic substances sequestrated in the permafrost. Of particular concern are the mobilized organic substances that would be considered persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) or very persistent and very mobile (vPvM). These PMT and vPvM substances would persist and be widespread in the downstream water distribution system, potentially threatening drinking water sources and groundwater quality. Our study evaluated and identified PMT and vPvM substances among 21 currently available literature reports that reported detected organic compounds in the active soil of permafrost. Our approach combined a standard evaluation scheme and a machine learning model. We reported that 34% of these detected compounds are PMT/vPvM substances; these compounds were of either synthetic, natural, or undefined origin. The impact that further permafrost degradation will have on releasing these PMT/vPvM substances on water resources should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"558-566"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Active Soil Layer of Thawing Permafrost Is an Emergent Source for Organic Substances of Concern to Water Resources 冻土融化后的活性土层是水资源中重要有机物质的紧急来源

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0027510.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275

Min Han, Biao Jin* and Hans Peter H. Arp*,

{"title":"The Active Soil Layer of Thawing Permafrost Is an Emergent Source for Organic Substances of Concern to Water Resources","authors":"Min Han, Biao Jin* and Hans Peter H. Arp*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0027510.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275","url":null,"abstract":"The Tibetan Plateau and surrounding area are an important source of freshwater for approximately two billion people. Climate change has aggregated permafrost degradation in the Tibetan Plateau over the last few decades, mobilizing organic substances sequestrated in the permafrost. Of particular concern are the mobilized organic substances that would be considered persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) or very persistent and very mobile (vPvM). These PMT and vPvM substances would persist and be widespread in the downstream water distribution system, potentially threatening drinking water sources and groundwater quality. Our study evaluated and identified PMT and vPvM substances among 21 currently available literature reports that reported detected organic compounds in the active soil of permafrost. Our approach combined a standard evaluation scheme and a machine learning model. We reported that 34% of these detected compounds are PMT/vPvM substances; these compounds were of either synthetic, natural, or undefined origin. The impact that further permafrost degradation will have on releasing these PMT/vPvM substances on water resources should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"558–566 558–566"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aggravated Visual Toxicity of Eco-Corona on Micro(Nano)Plastics in Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma) 生态电晕对微（纳米）塑料的视觉毒性加重

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-20 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0028910.1021/acs.estlett.5c00289

Yuqing Ma, Ling Liu*, Yanan Xu, Jianxue Feng, Cunlong Wang, Bin Liu, Peiran Lin, Haiyang Yin, Le Sun, Ping Li and Zhi-Hua Li*,

{"title":"Aggravated Visual Toxicity of Eco-Corona on Micro(Nano)Plastics in Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma)","authors":"Yuqing Ma, Ling Liu*, Yanan Xu, Jianxue Feng, Cunlong Wang, Bin Liu, Peiran Lin, Haiyang Yin, Le Sun, Ping Li and Zhi-Hua Li*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0028910.1021/acs.estlett.5c00289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00289https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00289","url":null,"abstract":"In marine environments, micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) and biomolecules will inevitably combine to form eco-corona. However, the presence of eco-corona may change MNP physicochemical properties, thereby impacting their biological effects. This study investigated how eco-corona influenced the visual toxicity and potential mechanisms of MNPs in marine medaka. The results showed that MNPs, with or without eco-corona, can cause eye malformation, retinal damage, eye cell apoptosis, and suppression of visual-related gene expression. Although MNPs caused visual impairments, they did not lead to abnormal behavior during light-dark alternation. Moreover, while 5 μm polystyrene microplastics (MP5) caused eye swelling, 50 nm polystyrene microplastics (NP50) resulted in more severe retinal damage. Regardless of eco-corona, NP50 induced greater activity during dark periods compared with MP5. Notably, eco-corona exacerbated retinal damage and cell apoptosis caused by MNPs, leading to increased activity. The analysis of visual-related genes revealed that eco-corona aggravated the visual toxicity of MNPs, and NP50 exhibited greater visual toxicity than MP5, regardless of eco-corona. Overall, smaller MNPs may pose higher risks to the visual system in real marine environments. This study provides novel insights into the effects of eco-corona in MNP-induced visual toxicity and highlights the importance of considering biomolecules in marine environments.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"510–517 510–517"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Southern China: High-Frequency Observations and Emission Estimates 中国南方的氢氟碳化物：高频观测和排放估算

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0021910.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219

Juan Li, Yuyang Chen, Yali Li, Song Liu, Minde An, Bo Yao, Luke M. Western, Matthew Rigby, Anita L. Ganesan, Simon O’Doherty, Jianxiong Sheng, Paul B. Krummel, Honglong Yang, Haibo Yu, Liqu Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu and Lei Zhu*,

{"title":"Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Southern China: High-Frequency Observations and Emission Estimates","authors":"Juan Li, Yuyang Chen, Yali Li, Song Liu, Minde An, Bo Yao, Luke M. Western, Matthew Rigby, Anita L. Ganesan, Simon O’Doherty, Jianxiong Sheng, Paul B. Krummel, Honglong Yang, Haibo Yu, Liqu Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu and Lei Zhu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0021910.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are potent greenhouse gases whose global abundance continues to rise and subsequently warm the Earth. Southern China is a rapidly developing region that has experienced a sharp increase in its HFC consumption. Here, we present the first high-frequency HFC observations in Southern China from 2022 to 2023, analyzing the atmospheric mole fractions of four HFCs (HFC-134a, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-143a) and using inverse modeling to estimate their emissions in Southern China. We find that HFC emissions in Southern China are primarily concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong, with Jiangsu having the highest HFC-134a emissions (4.1 ± 0.5 Gg yr–1, ± 1 standard deviation). HFC-125 and HFC-32 emissions are elevated in Anhui, Jiangsu, and Guangdong, while HFC-143a emissions are predominantly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. From 2022–2023, HFC emissions in the Pearl River Delta are expected to increase, while in the Yangtze River Delta, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFC-32 emissions are 94.2% ± 54.6%, 200.9% ± 28.7%, and 187.5% ± 24.2% higher than 2012–2016 levels, respectively. The rise in HFC consumption and the delayed emissions from HFC banks in Southern China highlight the necessity of estimating HFC emissions. Our findings will support local emission reduction policies and contribute to global climate change efforts.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"599–606 599–606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Southern China: High-Frequency Observations and Emission Estimates. 中国南方的氢氟碳化物：高频观测和排放估算。

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-19 eCollection Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219

Juan Li, Yuyang Chen, Yali Li, Song Liu, Minde An, Bo Yao, Luke M Western, Matthew Rigby, Anita L Ganesan, Simon O'Doherty, Jianxiong Sheng, Paul B Krummel, Honglong Yang, Haibo Yu, Liqu Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu

{"title":"Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Southern China: High-Frequency Observations and Emission Estimates.","authors":"Juan Li, Yuyang Chen, Yali Li, Song Liu, Minde An, Bo Yao, Luke M Western, Matthew Rigby, Anita L Ganesan, Simon O'Doherty, Jianxiong Sheng, Paul B Krummel, Honglong Yang, Haibo Yu, Liqu Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00219","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are potent greenhouse gases whose global abundance continues to rise and subsequently warm the Earth. Southern China is a rapidly developing region that has experienced a sharp increase in its HFC consumption. Here, we present the first high-frequency HFC observations in Southern China from 2022 to 2023, analyzing the atmospheric mole fractions of four HFCs (HFC-134a, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-143a) and using inverse modeling to estimate their emissions in Southern China. We find that HFC emissions in Southern China are primarily concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong, with Jiangsu having the highest HFC-134a emissions (4.1 ± 0.5 Gg yr-1, ± 1 standard deviation). HFC-125 and HFC-32 emissions are elevated in Anhui, Jiangsu, and Guangdong, while HFC-143a emissions are predominantly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. From 2022-2023, HFC emissions in the Pearl River Delta are expected to increase, while in the Yangtze River Delta, HFC-134a, HFC-125, and HFC-32 emissions are 94.2% ± 54.6%, 200.9% ± 28.7%, and 187.5% ± 24.2% higher than 2012-2016 levels, respectively. The rise in HFC consumption and the delayed emissions from HFC banks in Southern China highlight the necessity of estimating HFC emissions. Our findings will support local emission reduction policies and contribute to global climate change efforts.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"599-606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Online Iodide Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (I-CIMS) Enables Occupational Inhalation Exposure Assessment of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol (6:2 FTOH) Emitted to Air during Floor Waxing 在线碘化物化学电离质谱（I-CIMS）能够对地板打蜡过程中排放到空气中的6:2氟聚物醇（6:2 FTOH）进行职业吸入暴露评估

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0025810.1021/acs.estlett.5c00258

Michael J. Davern, Yufan Hu, Gabrielle V. West, Yoonsub Kim, Margot H. Francini, Glenn C. Morrison, Yue Zhang, Barbara J. Turpin* and Jason D. Surratt*,

{"title":"Online Iodide Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (I-CIMS) Enables Occupational Inhalation Exposure Assessment of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol (6:2 FTOH) Emitted to Air during Floor Waxing","authors":"Michael J. Davern, Yufan Hu, Gabrielle V. West, Yoonsub Kim, Margot H. Francini, Glenn C. Morrison, Yue Zhang, Barbara J. Turpin* and Jason D. Surratt*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0025810.1021/acs.estlett.5c00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00258https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00258","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) are a class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that have been reported in both indoor and outdoor air and are found in an array of consumer products, including waterproof textiles, fast food contact papers, and floor waxes. Time-integrated offline sampling methods for airborne FTOHs generally require sampling times of hours to weeks. Thus, integrated methods fail to capture the real-time dynamic behavior of sources, sinks, and exposure. Herein, we demonstrate the use of iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry (I-CIMS) in capturing the real-time concentration dynamics of 6:2 FTOH in air during floor stripping and waxing in a university laboratory. Peak 6:2 FTOH concentrations during application of floor wax were 456.9, 406.3, and 263.2 ng m–3, respectively, for three layers of wax (60 s averages). Additionally, the average 6:2 FTOH emission factor per wax layer was 5.10 ± 0.17 μg m–2. We estimate a range of potential inhalation exposures from 1.6 to 460 ng kg–1, depending on ventilation and workplace practices. Some 6:2 FTOH is expected to biotransform to three terminal acids (perfluorohexanoic acid, perfluoroheptanoic acid, and 5:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid), increasing blood serum concentrations of perfluorocarboxylic acids by an estimated 0.01–3.8 ng mL–1 following application of three wax layers.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 5","pages":"607–612 607–612"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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