Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.最新文献_第2页

Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Outdoor Surface Grime during Pollen Season 花粉季节室外表面尘垢的环境持久性自由基

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00319

Stephanie R. Schneider*, Amara L. Holder and Sarah A. Styler,

{"title":"Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Outdoor Surface Grime during Pollen Season","authors":"Stephanie R. Schneider*, Amara L. Holder and Sarah A. Styler, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00319","url":null,"abstract":"On outdoor surfaces, grime is an important substrate for the deposition and reactive loss of semivolatile and particulate bound pollutants. A previously unexplored source of grime reactivity is environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs), which are precursors to reactive oxygen species (ROS). To measure EPFRs in grime, grime was collected in Spring 2023 on glass beads deployed in suburban North Carolina, where possible primary EPFR sources include pollen and nearby prescribed burning. EPFRs are measured in all collected grime samples via electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy after extraction of the grime onto filters. Pollen contains the majority of the collected grime mass, and when isolated from the smaller component of the grime constituents via filtration, it comprises most of the measured EPFRs. Endogenous EPFRs were measured in commercial pollen samples (Quercus rubra, Quercus velutina, and Betula pendula), which supports the conclusion that pollen contributed to the overall EPFRs measured in the grime. Grime samples were collected under shaded conditions, which limits photochemistry as a secondary source of EPFRs in the field samples; to further investigate light mediated EPFR formation mechanisms, we also measured EPFRs in grime following laboratory photoaging. EPFRs are formed from irradiation in all grime samples; however, extended irradiation eventually reduces the number of EPFRs to their starting numbers, a trend which was also observed with the irradiation of the commercial pollen. The increase of EPFRs over grime age and with irradiation implies that ROS production in grime from EPFRs may also be sensitive to aging over time.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1211–1217"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrepancies between Personal and Ambient Temperatures at Hourly Scale: Insights from Wearable Sensors and Environmental Modeling 个人和环境温度在小时尺度上的差异：来自可穿戴传感器和环境建模的见解

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00672

Xin Meng, Minjung Lee, Lingzhi Chu, Soohyun Nam* and Kai Chen*,

{"title":"Discrepancies between Personal and Ambient Temperatures at Hourly Scale: Insights from Wearable Sensors and Environmental Modeling","authors":"Xin Meng, Minjung Lee, Lingzhi Chu, Soohyun Nam* and Kai Chen*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00672","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate assessment of personal exposure to ambient temperature is essential for understanding temperature-related health impacts. However, the bias from using ambient temperature estimates as proxies for personal exposure remains underexplored, particularly on the hourly scale. This study integrated wearable temperature sensors with a high-resolution (1 km, hourly) ambient temperature model to evaluate individual-level ambient exposure among 94 individuals in Connecticut, USA, monitored across seasons between October 2023 and January 2025. Personal temperature was consistently higher than ambient temperature, with a larger difference during cooler months. The hourly difference exhibited a distinct unimodal diurnal pattern, smallest in the early afternoon. Linear mixed-effects models identified ambient temperature, hour of day, month, solar radiation, and the nightlight index as the key predictors of personal temperature and its deviation from ambient conditions. The temperature difference was well characterized by the model (marginal R2 of 0.854). Extreme gradient boosting with SHapley Additive Explanations confirmed the ambient temperature and hour of day as the most influential features, with albedo and other environmental factors showing smaller effects. Findings highlight systematic seasonal and diurnal biases in ambient-based metrics, underscoring the need to account for these patterns in the assessment of thermal exposures.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1154–1161"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of Fluorotelomer Sulfones in the Blubber of Greenland Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) 格陵兰虎鲸（Orcinus orca）鲸脂中氟端聚体砜的发现

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00516

Mélanie Z. Lauria*, Xiaodi Shi, Faiz Haque, Merle Plassmann, Anna Roos, Malene Simon, Jonathan P. Benskin* and Karl J. Jobst*,

{"title":"Discovery of Fluorotelomer Sulfones in the Blubber of Greenland Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)","authors":"Mélanie Z. Lauria*, Xiaodi Shi, Faiz Haque, Merle Plassmann, Anna Roos, Malene Simon, Jonathan P. Benskin* and Karl J. Jobst*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00516","url":null,"abstract":"Most known per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) bioaccumulate by binding to proteins or partitioning to phospholipids, leading to their prevalence in liver and blood. However, the recent discovery of high concentrations of unidentified extractable organofluorine (EOF) in the blubber of a killer whale (Orcinus orca) from Greenland suggests that some fluorinated substances preferentially bioaccumulate in storage lipids. To further investigate this, the present work examined blubber from 4 killer whales (3 from Greenland, 1 from Sweden) via gas chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion mobility mass spectrometry. Using collision cross sections, we prioritized features suspected to be highly fluorinated and then selected 5 for manual annotation. Custom synthesized standards confirmed 10:2 and 12:2 fluorotelomer methylsulfone, 10:2 and 12:2 fluorotelomer chloromethylsulfone, and 6:2 bisfluorotelomer sulfone in all blubber samples from Greenland at concentrations ranging from <0.4 to 72.5 ng/g, explaining 34–75% of blubber EOF, but none in the Swedish sample. None of these substances were observable in liver, suggesting preferential accumulation in storage lipids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of neutral fluorotelomer sulfones in wildlife and the first identification of lipophilic, highly fluorinated PFAS.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1218–1224"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Determination of pKa for 10 PFAS, Mono-, Di-, and Trifluoroacetic Acid by 19F-NMR 用19F-NMR实验测定10种PFAS、单、二、三氟乙酸中的pKa

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00688

Damalka Balasuryia, Aina Queral-Beltran, Tristan Vick, Scott Simpson, Silvia Lacorte, Diana S. Aga and Alexander C. Hoepker*,

{"title":"Experimental Determination of pKa for 10 PFAS, Mono-, Di-, and Trifluoroacetic Acid by 19F-NMR","authors":"Damalka Balasuryia, Aina Queral-Beltran, Tristan Vick, Scott Simpson, Silvia Lacorte, Diana S. Aga and Alexander C. Hoepker*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00688","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate pKa values of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are urgently needed to improve predictions of their environmental fate, bioaccumulation, and removal, yet reliable experimental data remain scarce. Here, we determined the pKa values of 10 PFAS and three short-chain fluorinated acids (MFA: 2.58 ± 0.03; DFA: 1.22 ± 0.03, TFA: 0.03 ± 0.08) using 19F and 1H NMR-based chemical shift perturbation. Results were compared to prior experimental values, OPERA predictions (CompTox), and our COSMO-RS calculations. Measured pKa values include PFPrA (−0.18 to −0.54), PFOA (−0.27 ± 0.18), PFBS and PFOS (< −1.85), 6:2 FTS (<0.0), GenX (−0.20 ± 0.09), NFDHA (−0.32 ± 0.18), PFMPA (−0.26 ± 0.13), and 6:2 FTUCA (2.59 ± 0.11). Across C2, C3, and C8 homologues, PFCAs exhibit pKa values of approximately −0.2 to −0.3. Telomerization markedly reduces acidity: 5:3 FTCA (pKa = 4.05 ± 0.04) is >104-fold less acidic than PFOA, with COSMO-RS predicting similar effects from PFOS to 6:2 FTS. The dominant acidifying influence arises from CF2 groups at C1 and C2 near COOH or SO3H. The unusually low pKa values for TFA, PFOA, and GenX reflect our low-MeOH, sorption-resistant NMR method. COSMO-RS consistently outperformed OPERA, underscoring the need for experimental benchmarks to improve predictive models for emerging PFAS.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1238–1246"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Call for Expanding Environmental Surveillance of H5N1: The Role of Microbial Source Tracking 呼吁扩大H5N1的环境监测：微生物源追踪的作用

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00756

Wenjing Ren, and , Joan B. Rose*,

引用次数: 0

Biocalcification Induces the Preferential Settling of Small Buoyant Microplastics in Freshwater 生物钙化诱导小浮力微塑料在淡水中的优先沉降

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00630

Yang Li, Dongyu Xu, Ke Sun*, Baoshan Xing and Bo Gao*,

{"title":"Biocalcification Induces the Preferential Settling of Small Buoyant Microplastics in Freshwater","authors":"Yang Li, Dongyu Xu, Ke Sun*, Baoshan Xing and Bo Gao*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00630","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical transport of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of biocalcification on the settling behavior of buoyant MPs in the presence of Microcystis aeruginosa and Ca2+ were investigated via incubation experiments. Here, we show that the formation of biogenic calcite on the surface of MPs resulted in an increase in density and, subsequently, the settling of MPs, with its effect varying significantly with the size and aging of MPs. Specifically, biogenic calcite preferentially facilitated the sinking of smaller MPs compared to larger ones, mainly due to their different adsorption affinities for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which provide nucleation sites for calcite. Notably, aging further enhanced this size-dependent settling of MPs, which was primarily attributable to differences in the selective binding of macromolecules in EPS. Compared to the pristine MPs, the aged ones tend to acquire more polar macromolecules from EPS, which resulted in greater complexation interactions between the MPs and Ca2+ and consequently increased biogenic calcite precipitation and enhanced settling of MPs. The findings of this study highlight the importance of biogenic calcite-mediated settling of MPs in freshwater environments.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1225–1231"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Combinatorial Approach of Volatile Organic Compound Tracers, Low-Cost Sensors, and Source-Receptor Modeling for Spatial Identification and Quantification of Natural and Anthropogenic Sources of Criteria Air Pollutants: Case Study from the Indo-Gangetic Plain 挥发性有机化合物示踪剂、低成本传感器和源受体模型的新型组合方法，用于标准空气污染物的自然和人为来源的空间识别和量化：来自印度恒河平原的案例研究

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00473

Raj Singh, Baerbel Sinha* and Vinayak Sinha*,

{"title":"A Novel Combinatorial Approach of Volatile Organic Compound Tracers, Low-Cost Sensors, and Source-Receptor Modeling for Spatial Identification and Quantification of Natural and Anthropogenic Sources of Criteria Air Pollutants: Case Study from the Indo-Gangetic Plain","authors":"Raj Singh, Baerbel Sinha* and Vinayak Sinha*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00473","url":null,"abstract":"Attribution of air pollution is important to plan evidence-based mitigation. In this case study from Mohali, India, we show that a unique combination of volatile organic compound (VOC)-based source apportionment in combination with a dense network of monitoring grade air pollutant observations and a few low-cost sensors can collectively identify and locate the sources of criteria air pollutants impacting a receptor site. The study uses ambient chemical composition measurements from the COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown in 2020. The key drivers of pollutant reductions were the 74 ± 4% reduction in transport activity between prelockdown and postlockdown, accompanied by a 63 ± 5% drop in traffic VOC emission and a 96 (80–100)% drop in NO emissions. Reductions in industrial activity and power demand caused a 53 ± 3% drop in industrial VOC emissions and 67 ± 5% drop in SO2 emissions, as well as a 59 ± 3% reduction in open waste burning during lockdown, which resulted in 43 ± 2% and 39 ± 1% reductions in PM2.5 and PM10 emissions, respectively. Our key finding that the strongest PM and SO2 sources are located at the urban periphery and in the hinterland indicates that Indian clean air action plans need to shift their focus from urban noncompliance areas to a holistic air-shed approach.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1177–1183"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward Eco-Friendly CMP Process: Emerging Trends and Strategies for Reducing Environmental Footprint 走向生态友好型CMP过程：减少环境足迹的新趋势和策略

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00635

Ravitej Venkataswamy, Murali Ramu and Jihoon Seo*,

{"title":"Toward Eco-Friendly CMP Process: Emerging Trends and Strategies for Reducing Environmental Footprint","authors":"Ravitej Venkataswamy, Murali Ramu and Jihoon Seo*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00635","url":null,"abstract":"As the industry shifts toward AI and smart mobility technologies, the escalating demand for advanced semiconductors has led to significant environmental concerns. With a typical semiconductor fabrication plant (fab) consuming over 10,000 m3 of ultrapure water (UPW) daily, the environmental footprint is substantial. Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is the primary driver of this impact, accounting for approximately 30–40% of the total wastewater volume and consuming one-third of the UPW used by the fab. This process relies heavily on consumables such as slurries, pads, conditioners, and cleaning solutions, resulting in substantial wastewater generation, energy, and resource consumption. CMP is extremely demanding of resources, consuming large amounts of ultrapure water, and it also generates substantial wastewater and greenhouse gas emissions. In this review, we explore both established strategies and emerging trends for mitigating the environmental impacts of CMP through sustainable practices. It discusses the development of biodegradable slurries, recyclable abrasives, specialized pads, and advanced water treatment technologies. Emphasizing the role of green chemistry principles, life cycle assessment frameworks, and process optimization, this study highlights efforts to minimize the environmental footprint of semiconductor manufacturing. Despite recent progress, gaps remain, particularly in the development of sustainable CMP pads, biodegradability of slurry components, and effective wastewater management. This review suggests future research directions aimed at developing comprehensive strategies to reduce wastewater production, improve resource recovery, and enhance the overall sustainability of CMP processes. These efforts contribute to aligning technological advances in the semiconductor industry with global environmental objectives.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1139–1153"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CO2-Based Leaching of Sulfidic Peridotite Drives Critical Mineral Mobilization and Carbonate Precipitation 硫化橄榄岩co2浸出驱动关键矿物动员和碳酸盐沉淀

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00603

Madeline A. Murchland*, Quin R. S. Miller*, Alexandra B. Nagurney, C. Heath Stanfield, Nabajit Lahiri, Joshua A. Silverstein, Yuntian Teng, Emily T. Nienhuis, Mark H. Engelhard, Connor Mulcahy and H. Todd Schaef,

{"title":"CO2-Based Leaching of Sulfidic Peridotite Drives Critical Mineral Mobilization and Carbonate Precipitation","authors":"Madeline A. Murchland*, Quin R. S. Miller*, Alexandra B. Nagurney, C. Heath Stanfield, Nabajit Lahiri, Joshua A. Silverstein, Yuntian Teng, Emily T. Nienhuis, Mark H. Engelhard, Connor Mulcahy and H. Todd Schaef, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00603","url":null,"abstract":"The transition toward green energy requires both carbon dioxide removal and consistent supplies of energy-critical minerals. Injection and mineralization of supercritical CO2 at active mafic- and ultramafic-hosted mines provide a potential avenue to achieve both, through the stable geologic storage of carbon and subsequent mobilization of critical metals. A sample from the Eagle occurrence, an ultramafic-hosted sulfide deposit in Michigan, United States, that is the only active Ni mine in the United States, was characterized both before and after reaction with supercritical CO2 at elevated pressure and temperature. We present the changes in mineralogy, feature relocation, and potential for carbon mineralization and critical mineral recovery based on the comparison of pre- and postreaction data sets. Herein, we present evidence of dissolution–precipitation reactions leading to carbon mineralization and critical and strategic mineral mobilization (Ni, Mn, and Cu) driven by water-saturated supercritical CO2 fluids, including the formation of aragonite and dissolution–reprecipitation of Ni-bearing phases. Collectively, these results will improve fate and transport models for carbon storage in ultramafic rocks, increase understanding of new unconventional sources for critical minerals, and provide a foundation for future studies on CO2 enhanced mineral recovery (CO2-EMR).","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 9","pages":"1252–1263"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting Ferrate(VI) Activation: Why Enhanced Reactivity Undermines Disinfection 重述高铁酸盐（VI）活化：为什么增强反应性会破坏消毒

IF 8.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00716

Zepei Tang, and , Yang Deng*,

{"title":"Revisiting Ferrate(VI) Activation: Why Enhanced Reactivity Undermines Disinfection","authors":"Zepei Tang,  and , Yang Deng*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00716","url":null,"abstract":"Activated ferrate(VI) can enhance the degradation of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) due to the in situ formation of more reactive intermediates, primarily Fe(V)/Fe(IV) and possibly free radicals. However, disinfection under ferrate(VI) activation conditions remains underexplored. This study investigated the role of sulfite (SO32–) in SO32–-activated ferrate(VI) for bacterial inactivation. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to degrade sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and remove bacterial indicators using ferrate(VI) alone and with sulfite at varying [Fe(VI)]:[SO32–]. Bacterial adsorption onto ferrate(VI)-derived iron oxide particles was experimentally ruled out, validating the dominance of chemical oxidation in bacterial removal. In lake water, activation was observed at [Fe(VI)]:[ SO32–] = 1:2, achieving 60% SMX degradation, compared to 42% by ferrate(VI) alone ([SMX] = 0.8 μM, [Fe(VI)] = 25 μM). However, log removals of total coliform and E. coli declined from 2.86 and 3.28 (ferrate(VI) alone) to 1.17–2.76 and 2.11–3.11, respectively, within [Fe(VI)]:[SO32–] = 4:1–1:4. Similar trends were also observed in the secondary wastewater effluent. Furthermore, log removals exhibited two-phase linear relationships with ferrate(VI) exposure, regardless of activation state, underscoring the importance of time-integrated ferrate(VI) concentration. This study demonstrates the limitations of CT values in assessing ferrate(VI) activation-based disinfection and highlights the need to re-evaluate implementation strategies for ferrate(VI) activation in water treatment.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 8","pages":"1095–1101"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c00716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0