Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.最新文献_第3页

Digital Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification Technologies Supporting Carbon Credit-Generating Water Security Programs: State of the Art and Technology Roadmap

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0104810.1021/acs.estlett.4c01048

John Ecklu, and , Evan Thomas*,

{"title":"Digital Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification Technologies Supporting Carbon Credit-Generating Water Security Programs: State of the Art and Technology Roadmap","authors":"John Ecklu,  and , Evan Thomas*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0104810.1021/acs.estlett.4c01048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01048https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01048","url":null,"abstract":"The voluntary carbon market can become a productive mechanism for channeling performance-based financing toward both water security and climate adaptation and mitigation challenges. Typically, carbon credit methodologies support projects that directly avoid or remove emissions, including forest preservation and renewable energy generation. As such, emission avoidance or carbon sequestration monitoring can be conducted directly and in the same location as the projects. However, our analysis across five carbon credit-generating water subsectors identifies four novel monitoring parameters that, while critical for evaluating project impact and calculating carbon credits, are not direct measures of emission reductions, avoidance, or sequestration. We identify these novel parameters and explore how digital technologies can enhance monitoring, reporting, and verification of these parameters. We identify that microbial water quality and drinking water access can be monitored directly and reported remotely using sensor-based technologies, while irrigation management can be tracked using soil moisture sensors and satellite-based evapotranspiration data, while instream water quality can monitored using in situ sensors and land management models. Advancing these technology capabilities and improving data security, reliability, and accessibility can strengthen the credibility of water-sector carbon credit methodologies, ultimately promoting financially, programmatically, and climatically sustainable projects.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"251–260 251–260"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Annotating DHA Metabolites Interfering with the Quantification of Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Ether Carboxylic Acids

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0102910.1021/acs.estlett.4c01029

Yuyan Ji, Yitao Pan*, Jean-Marie Galano, Ángel Sánchez-Illana, Xinchen Miao, Fengfeng Dong, Camille Oger, Thierry Durand and Jiayin Dai,

{"title":"Annotating DHA Metabolites Interfering with the Quantification of Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Ether Carboxylic Acids","authors":"Yuyan Ji, Yitao Pan*, Jean-Marie Galano, Ángel Sánchez-Illana, Xinchen Miao, Fengfeng Dong, Camille Oger, Thierry Durand and Jiayin Dai, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0102910.1021/acs.estlett.4c01029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01029https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01029","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative analyses of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) commonly rely on low-resolution targeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) due to its high sensitivity and relatively low operational threshold. Perfluoro-3,5,7,9-butaoxadecanoic acid (PFO4DA), an important constituent of the perfluoropolyether carboxylic acid (PFECA) family, has been widely detected in biotic and abiotic matrices. Nevertheless, marked interference has been observed in the MS/MS transition for PFO4DA (377 > 85) in biological samples, particularly in aquatic organisms, resulting in substantial overestimation of concentrations, reaching up to 66 ng/g. In this study, nontargeted molecular networking strategies, combined with the spectral simulation tools SIRIUS and QCxMS, were applied to identify the source of interference, which was confirmed as an oxygenated metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) based on fragmentation patterns matching reference standards. The study further clarified that fatty acids generated the fragment ion [C4H5O2]− (85.0296 Da), which overlapped with the [CF3O]− (84.9907 Da) ion of PFECA compounds under low-resolution conditions, causing signal interference. Analysis of river water and fish samples revealed that this interference led to a 24-fold overestimation of PFO4DA bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. These findings are essential for improving the selectivity of environmental exposure assessments for PFECA compounds.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"320–326 320–326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancement of Storage Efficiency during Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Depleted Reservoirs

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0110110.1021/acs.estlett.4c01101

Chan Hee Kim, Kue-Young Kim*, Gidon Han, Min-Kyung Jeon, Yong-Chan Park, Weon Shik Han and Jae-Hong Lim,

{"title":"Enhancement of Storage Efficiency during Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Depleted Reservoirs","authors":"Chan Hee Kim, Kue-Young Kim*, Gidon Han, Min-Kyung Jeon, Yong-Chan Park, Weon Shik Han and Jae-Hong Lim, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0110110.1021/acs.estlett.4c01101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01101https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01101","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is crucial for mitigating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the clean energy transition. Depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, with their proven containment integrity, are promising candidates for CO2 storage. However, maximizing pore space utilization to enhance storage capacity remains underexplored, particularly in depleted reservoirs where CO2 transitions from gas to supercritical state during injection and storage. We experimentally investigated the impact of surfactants on CO2 storage dynamics at the microscale using synchrotron-based high-resolution 3D microcomputed tomography. Experiments were conducted at pressures ranging from 6 to 16 MPa, and a constant temperature of 80 °C, covering both gas and supercritical phases of CO2. Surfactants significantly reduced CO2-brine interfacial tension (IFT) and created new flow paths through small pores, increasing CO2 saturation by 30% at 6 MPa. Although surfactant effectiveness decreased at higher pressures, it still enhanced storage efficiency by 12%, 14%, and 17% at 8, 12, and 16 MPa, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of surfactant-assisted CO2 storage to optimize injection strategies, thereby contributing to more efficient utilization of depleted reservoirs. By improving storage efficiency, this approach supports global efforts to achieve substantial reductions in CO2 emissions and combat climate change.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"269–275 269–275"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human Biomarkers of Exposure to Forest Fire Emissions: Identifying and Utilizing Biomass Burning Tracers and Metabolites

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0008510.1021/acs.estlett.5c00085

Jasmin Chovatiya, Hiraj Patel and Syam S. Andra*,

引用次数: 0

Ozone Formation in a Representative Urban Environment: Model Discrepancies and Critical Roles of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0102610.1021/acs.estlett.4c01026

Xiangpeng Huang, Wei Zheng, Yanchen Li, Changping Li, Yue’e Li, Ning Zhang, Chao Pan, Yali Lei, Haiwei Li, Yunjiang Zhang, Yiming Qin, Yi Zheng, Tzung-May Fu, Xin Yang, Xinlei Ge, Hongliang Zhang* and Jianhuai Ye*,

{"title":"Ozone Formation in a Representative Urban Environment: Model Discrepancies and Critical Roles of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds","authors":"Xiangpeng Huang, Wei Zheng, Yanchen Li, Changping Li, Yue’e Li, Ning Zhang, Chao Pan, Yali Lei, Haiwei Li, Yunjiang Zhang, Yiming Qin, Yi Zheng, Tzung-May Fu, Xin Yang, Xinlei Ge, Hongliang Zhang* and Jianhuai Ye*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0102610.1021/acs.estlett.4c01026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01026https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01026","url":null,"abstract":"Ozone (O3) significantly impacts air quality. Despite reductions in PM2.5 since the 2013 Clean Air Act, the level of the O3 concentration has continued to rise in China, underscoring the need for targeted pollution control measures. This study examined the seasonal and spatial variations of pollutants and meteorological variables in a major industrial city in Eastern China. Three widely used approaches, including the ozone formation potential (OFP) calculation, an observation-based model (OBM), and a random forest algorithm, were employed to investigate O3 formation in urban environments. Results show that oxygenated volatile organic compounds were the most significant contributors to summer urban O3, whereas their impact was significantly reduced during the winter. Each O3 formation evaluation model provided unique insights, with OFP offering rapid estimates, the OBM revealing detailed chemistry, and random forest capturing nonlinear interactions. However, the study also identified limitations in these models. OFP failed to account for seasonal variations in the level of O3 formation, and the random forest model struggled to distinguish causal relationships from correlations. These findings highlight the need for caution when relying on a single model and underscore the importance of integrating multiple methods to gain an accurate understanding of urban O3 formation dynamics, which is crucial to developing effective control strategies.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"297–304 297–304"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Simple Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model for Multi-Route In Vitro–In Vivo Extrapolation

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0096710.1021/acs.estlett.4c00967

John F. Wambaugh*, Celia M. Schacht and Caroline L. Ring,

{"title":"A Simple Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model for Multi-Route In Vitro–In Vivo Extrapolation","authors":"John F. Wambaugh*, Celia M. Schacht and Caroline L. Ring, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0096710.1021/acs.estlett.4c00967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00967https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00967","url":null,"abstract":"Many chemicals found in the environment and commerce have been characterized for potential hazards by using in vitro screens. Translating concentrations that cause bioactivity into real-world exposures, in other words, in vitro–in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE), requires chemical-specific parameters and mathematical models. An administered (for example, oral) equivalent dose rate (milligrams per kilogram per day) that causes steady-state human plasma concentrations (micromolar) equivalent to bioactive in vitro concentrations can be derived using a simple IVIVE equation. Herein, we explain how this IVIVE equation approximates a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model. Through the derivation of the steady-state solution of the PBTK model, we show how the simple IVIVE equation approximates relevant flows and tissues. We then extend the simple IVIVE equation by modifying the oral exposure PBTK model to include gas inhalation and exhalation. Gas exhalation increases clearance, potentially allowing more accurate prediction of the oral equivalent dose for semivolatile organic chemicals. The revised IVIVE equations also allow prediction of inhalation equivalent doses, in other words, the parts per million concentration that would cause steady-state human plasma concentrations equivalent to bioactive in vitro concentrations. Through comparison to an inhalation PBTK model, new simple IVIVE equations for plasma concentration have been developed, describing exhaled oral and inhalation doses.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"261–268 261–268"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the Distribution, Sources and Risks of Antibiotic Resistance Contamination in Drinking Water Systems: Research Needs to Reduce Emerging Pollutants and Mitigate Public Health Risks

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5c0008710.1021/acs.estlett.5c00087

Liping Ma*,

引用次数: 0

A Novel Mechanism of Lead–Tin Solder Spallation in the Presence of Nitrate

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0114210.1021/acs.estlett.4c01142

Kathryn G. Lopez*, Chantaly Villalona, Haley Grubbs and Marc Edwards,

{"title":"A Novel Mechanism of Lead–Tin Solder Spallation in the Presence of Nitrate","authors":"Kathryn G. Lopez*, Chantaly Villalona, Haley Grubbs and Marc Edwards, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0114210.1021/acs.estlett.4c01142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01142https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01142","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated 90th percentile water lead levels associated with the release of large chunks of lead–tin solder to drinking water were recently attributed to corrosion by nitrate. A new mechanism of water lead contamination via nitrate-induced spallation of solder was elucidated through surface analyses of new solder coupons and harvested pipe samples, bench-scale testing with lead–tin alloys of varying tin content, and electrochemical tests. Nitrate attack was associated with the formation of ammonia and other reduced nitrogen compounds, causing detinning of solder alloys with more than 40% tin by weight and eventually complete detachment of solder from the point of adhesion to copper pipe via the formation of a corrosive microenvironment. Solder spallation was observed in as little as 6 weeks and resulted in 1.3 times more metal weight loss than could be explained by Faraday’s law for both tin and 50/50 lead–tin solder in 32 h electrochemical tests. Understanding this mechanism of attack can help explain and predict water lead contamination events and inform the development of optimal corrosion control strategies for potable water supplies.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"334–340 334–340"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Target and Suspect Screening Reveal PFAS Exceeding European Union Guideline in Various Water Sources South of Lyon, France

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0112610.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126

Termeh Teymoorian, Louis Delon, Gabriel Munoz and Sébastien Sauvé*,

{"title":"Target and Suspect Screening Reveal PFAS Exceeding European Union Guideline in Various Water Sources South of Lyon, France","authors":"Termeh Teymoorian, Louis Delon, Gabriel Munoz and Sébastien Sauvé*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c0112610.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126","url":null,"abstract":"Lyon, a major hub for chemical industries in France, has been identified as a contamination hotspot of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Major chemical companies in the Pierre-Bénite area have used PFAS in the production of fluoropolymers and fluorotelomers, with effluents discharged into the Rhône River. This together with other contamination sources, such as firefighting foam use at a vicinal harbor oil depot, likely resulted in a complex PFAS signature. This study investigated PFAS contamination in various water sources in southern Lyon, including ponds, rivers, factory channels, wells, springs, and tap water. Out of 47 samples, 22 had a Σ77PFAS above 100 ng/L (maximum: ∼700 ng/L), and 67% of the tap water samples exceeded the European guideline of 100 ng/L for Σ20PFAS. Target PFAS profiles were dominated by perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (particularly C4 to C8), in agreement with their historical or current industrial usage. Suspect screening also revealed the occurrence of electrochemical fluorination precursors such as N-sulfopropyldimethylammoniopropyl perfluorohexanesulfonamido acetic acid (N-SPAmP-FHxSAA) and bistriflimide (used in the composition of ionic liquids). Certain fluorotelomers, including ESI+ (e.g., 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaine (6:2 FTAB)) and ESI- (e.g., 6:2 FTS, 6:2 FTSAS-sulfone) compounds, were more prevalent in surface water than in tap or groundwater.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"327–333 327–333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Target and Suspect Screening Reveal PFAS Exceeding European Union Guideline in Various Water Sources South of Lyon, France.

IF 8.9 2区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ. Pub Date : 2025-02-07 eCollection Date: 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126

Termeh Teymoorian, Louis Delon, Gabriel Munoz, Sébastien Sauvé

{"title":"Target and Suspect Screening Reveal PFAS Exceeding European Union Guideline in Various Water Sources South of Lyon, France.","authors":"Termeh Teymoorian, Louis Delon, Gabriel Munoz, Sébastien Sauvé","doi":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c01126","url":null,"abstract":"Lyon, a major hub for chemical industries in France, has been identified as a contamination hotspot of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Major chemical companies in the Pierre-Bénite area have used PFAS in the production of fluoropolymers and fluorotelomers, with effluents discharged into the Rhône River. This together with other contamination sources, such as firefighting foam use at a vicinal harbor oil depot, likely resulted in a complex PFAS signature. This study investigated PFAS contamination in various water sources in southern Lyon, including ponds, rivers, factory channels, wells, springs, and tap water. Out of 47 samples, 22 had a Σ77PFAS above 100 ng/L (maximum: ∼700 ng/L), and 67% of the tap water samples exceeded the European guideline of 100 ng/L for Σ20PFAS. Target PFAS profiles were dominated by perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (particularly C4 to C8), in agreement with their historical or current industrial usage. Suspect screening also revealed the occurrence of electrochemical fluorination precursors such as N-sulfopropyldimethylammoniopropyl perfluorohexanesulfonamido acetic acid (N-SPAmP-FHxSAA) and bistriflimide (used in the composition of ionic liquids). Certain fluorotelomers, including ESI+ (e.g., 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaine (6:2 FTAB)) and ESI- (e.g., 6:2 FTS, 6:2 FTSAS-sulfone) compounds, were more prevalent in surface water than in tap or groundwater.","PeriodicalId":37,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters Environ.","volume":"12 3","pages":"327-333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0