IFAC-PapersOnLine最新文献

{"title":"Existence and design of a functional observer for LTI systems with known bounded input","authors":"Hugo Jamet ,&nbsp;Ahlem Sassi ,&nbsp;Damien Ébérard ,&nbsp;Michaël Di Loreto","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present contribution, we address the existence and the design of a functional observer, for known bounded inputs and linear systems. Based on a characterization by means of invariants zeros given in the literature, the existence of a functional observer is revisited by means of observability matrix, as well as through a generalized Sylvester equation. The latter is then used to design a reduced functional observer, provided that the input signal is known and bounded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 12","pages":"Pages 109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards time adaptive observations for model order reduction in data assimilation","authors":"C. Gräßle ,&nbsp;J. Marquardt","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we focus on two aspects of 4D-var data assimilation (DA) governed by parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs). First, we are interested on how to set up adaptive time grids for DA problems and in what extend DA benefits from it. Second, we study the application of model order reduction (MOR) for DA problems. Since solving DA problems requires to solve the involved PDEs repeatedly, the use of MOR techniques is an obvious approach. We apply the methods Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) and investigate whether the previously introduced adaptive time grid facilitates the MOR with respect to accuracy and efficiency.</div><div>In order to construct an adaptive time grid, we interpret the DA problem in the context of optimal control and use a reformulation of the optimality conditions. Following Gong et al. (2012), we transferred their idea of deriving a-posteriori error estimates to the 4D-var problem in Graßle and Marquardt (2024). In this work, we extend our previous results where we derived an error estimate for the adjoint state by additionally considering an estimate for the state. The resulting time grid is used for MOR, which has already been done for distributed control problems in order to identify suitable snapshot locations, see Alla et al. (2016, 2018). We conclude with a numerical example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 343-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Envelope of the Electroencephalogram as a Model for Gaussianity during Sleep and Anesthesia","authors":"Julian Ostertag ,&nbsp;Tobias Kraft-Blank ,&nbsp;Gerhard Schneider ,&nbsp;Matthias Kreuzer ,&nbsp;Juliana Zimmermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the significant differences between sleeping and being under anesthesia, i.e., a physiological process vs. a pharmacologically induced state, they share notable similarities. This is particularly evident when examining the electroencephalogram (EEG), where the spectral content of both states reveals marked increased power within delta (1 - 4 Hz) and alpha (8 - 13 Hz) frequency ranges. To further explore this, a novel analytical framework called the coefficient of variation of the envelope (CVE) was utilized to assess the alpha and delta EEG envelopes during sleep and general anesthesia. This measure is sensitive to different underlying neural dynamics by linking signal morphology and signal energy, specifically through examining deviations from Gaussianity as a marker of synchronicity. Stable episodes were extracted from patients under general anesthesia and controls in non-REM sleep stage 2 and 3. After filtering the EEGs to isolate the delta and alpha bands, the EEG data was segmented into 24-second intervals with a 50% overlap. In addition to the envelope’s energy, CVEs were calculated using the Hilbert transformation. Cutoff values for Gaussianity were derived from simulated EEG signals. CVE values outside the 99% confidence intervals (CI) of the simulated data are considered to indicate either rhythmic (CV E &lt; lowerCI) or pulsatile (CV E &gt; upperCI) activity. The findings revealed differences in CVEs across both delta and alpha-band filtered EEG. Specifically, during sleep, CVEs derived from the delta band were more frequently classified as pulsatile and fell less often within the gaussian range, compared to those observed during general anesthesia. Similar distinctions were observed for alpha-band oscillations. Although the spectral content related to delta and alpha power may appear similar, the morphology of the underlying neural oscillations differs. These differences are critical points that differentiate anesthesia from sleep.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 295-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of topography and combustion functions on fire front propagation in an advection-diffusion-reaction model for wildfires","authors":"Luca Nieding ,&nbsp;Cordula Reisch ,&nbsp;Dirk Langemann ,&nbsp;Adrián Navas-Montilla","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the recent increase in wildfires, developing a better understanding of their dynamics is crucial. For this purpose, the advection-diffusion-reaction model has been widely used to study wildfire dynamics. In this study, we introduce the previously unconsidered influence of topography through an additional advective term. Furthermore, we propose a linear term for the combustion function, comparing it with the commonly used Arrhenius law to offer a simpler model for further analysis. Our findings on the model’s dynamics are supported by numerical simulations showing the differences of model extensions and approximations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control-Oriented Gray-Box Modeling for Thermoset Injection Molding⁎","authors":"Jens Ahlers ,&nbsp;Christopher Schulte ,&nbsp;Moritz Mascher ,&nbsp;Christoph Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Heike Vallery ,&nbsp;Christian Hopmann ,&nbsp;Sebastian Stemmler","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cavity pressure control can enhance the repeatability of injection molding processes. While extensive research has focused on thermoplastic cavity pressure control, there is a notable gap in models and control strategies for thermoset injection molding. This study aims to develop a model structure for thermoset injection molding suitable for integration into a model-based control scheme. The modeling approach is intended to be as generalizable as possible and sufficiently flexible to adapt to various process conditions. At the same time, it should be easy to parameterize or to train. To address this challenge, we first derive a first-principles process model. In the second step, we integrate a feed-forward artificial neural network into this model, which learns parameters and source terms from past injection molding cycles, resulting in a gray-box model. The neural network outputs replace the initial model parameters with functions of system inputs, states, and time. We validate both models against experimental data from a thermoset injection molding machine using a fat-plate mold geometry and a phenolic resin compound. We identify limitations of the proposed approach and suggest potential solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of an underground electric vehicle cycle for battery sizing analysis using Modelica","authors":"Juan J. Pérez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Alfonso Urquía","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Modelica library for battery sizing of underground mining electric vehicles is presented. The library named <em>UGMiningBEV</em>, facilitates modelling underground mining electric vehicles with different design parameters and architectures, under varying working scenarios. <em>UGMiningBEV</em> includes models of vehicle transmission, auxiliary driving-related systems (steering and braking), mixer drum, lighting, HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), cooling, battery and battery charging. It also includes validation examples of relevant components and the model of an electric concrete mixer for underground mining and its typical working cycle. The technical contribution of the library lies in the variety of subsystems that can be integrated, combined with a working cycle that allows the simulation of vehicle mission profiles based on distance travelled or time elapsed. The <em>UGMiningBEV</em> library has been developed using Dymola 2021x and is freely available under the Modelica License 2 terms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaggregating Train Delays into Primary and Secondary Components using Gated Graph Convolutional Networks⁎","authors":"Maximilian Viehauser ,&nbsp;Martin Bicher ,&nbsp;Matthias Rößler ,&nbsp;Niki Popper","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel approach for disaggregating aggregated train delays into primary and secondary components using Gated Graph Convolutional Networks (GatedGCNs). We develop a graph-based representation of railway traffic that captures complex spatiotemporal relationships and long-range dependencies. Our method is applied to synthetic delay data generated from an agent-based simulation model of the Austrian railway network. We evaluate the model on classification and regression tasks, demonstrating high accuracy in distinguishing between primary and secondary delays. The classification task achieves 96% accuracy and 0.99 AUC, while the regression task attains an R-squared value of 0.86. These results significantly outperform a naive baseline model. The findings suggest that GatedGCN is a promising method for delay disaggregation and has potential for broader applications in capturing delay propagation processes. However, while the results on synthetic data demonstrate strong performance, further validation on real-world data is essential to confirm its practical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 439-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Modeling of the Insulin-Glucose System: Combining Linear and Data-Driven Models for Artificial Pancreas","authors":"Beatrice Sonzogni ,&nbsp;Jose Maria Manzano ,&nbsp;Fabio Previdi ,&nbsp;Antonio Ferramosca","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that requires insulin delivery to maintain blood glucose levels within a desired range. The artificial pancreas (AP), which integrates a continuous glucose sensor, an insulin pump, and a control algorithm, is a promising solution for automating insulin delivery. Designing optimal controllers for the AP is crucial to its effectiveness. Existing approaches often rely on advanced controllers based on models of the insulin-glucose system. However, this system is highly complex, nonlinear, and subject to time-varying dynamics and inter-patient variability, which pose significant challenges for model accuracy and control design. Hence, data-driven and machine learning-based models are emerging as powerful alternatives. This paper presents a novel data-driven modeling approach that combines two components: a linear model and a machine learning-based model. This latter is computed with the CHoKI learning method, to capture the nonlinear deviations of the actual system from the linear model, enabling the combined model to better represent the insulin-glucose system. This hybrid modeling approach offers improved prediction accuracy compared to previously proposed models in the literature. The improved model accuracy can lead to better controllers for the AP. The proposed approach is validated using the virtual patients of the FDA-accepted UVA/Padova simulator. The results outperform state-of-the-art models in prediction errors, demonstrating its potential as a step forward in AP control system design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 2","pages":"Pages 109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotics and gamified simulation for paediatric diabetes education: feasibility and satisfaction analysis","authors":"Martín-SanJosé Juan-Fernando ,&nbsp;Arias Raquel ,&nbsp;Martínez Mario ,&nbsp;Berrocal Belén ,&nbsp;Rodríguez Silvia ,&nbsp;Quirós Carmen ,&nbsp;Blanes Francisco ,&nbsp;Benlloch, Clara ,&nbsp;Carrasco Francisco ,&nbsp;Rodríguez-Bobada Pablo ,&nbsp;Bondia Jorge ,&nbsp;Díez José-Luis","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a preliminary test on the satisfaction of users and the feasibility of a workshop using robotics and gamified simulation performed in a hospital setting where children with diabetes and their parents participated.</div><div>In order to do so, three different workshops were performed in a hospital, and surveys were conducted to test the feasibility of the approach and the users’ satisfaction. In these workshops, the children learned about Type 1 Diabetes and its management. From the gathered data and the analysis performed, it can be supposed that workshops using the new materials are feasible and that the users are satisfied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 2","pages":"Pages 149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-silico Assessment of Using Faster Insulin Analogs in Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems Without Meal Announcement⁎","authors":"Marcela Moscoso-Vasquez ,&nbsp;Marc D. Breton","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated Insulin delivery has become standard of care for managing glycemic control in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), and has been shown to dramatically improve overall glycemic control. However, postprandial hyperglycemia remains a challenge, even with AID systems that require meal announcements. Rapid- and Ultra-rapid-acting insulin analogs that could improve or even prevent postprandial hyperglycemia are now available for both research and clinical care. However, it has been shown that adjusting AID system’s parameters is necessary for maximizing benefits when using accelerated insulins within these systems. In this work, the safety and performance effect of accelerating insulin within AIDANET, a state-of-the-art AID system is evaluated in-silico to address postprandial hyperglycemia generated by unannounced meals. Pharmacokinetic parameters are leveraged to include the use of a novel ultra-rapid insulin formulation within the UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes simulator. Additionally, two in-silico scenarios are used to assess the performance of Automated Insulin Delivery as Adaptive NETwork (AIDANET) with (i) faster insulin analogs and (ii) more concentrated formulations. Results show that AIDANET’s built-in adaptive capabilities allow it to adjust its aggressiveness to accommodate faster PK and more concentrated formulations, achieving clinically significant improvements in glycemic control outcomes and maximizing the benefits of alternative formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 2","pages":"Pages 19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}