Groundwater for Sustainable Development最新文献

{"title":"Factors controlling land subsidence in the Southern Hau River Region, Vietnam","authors":"Quoc-Cuong Tran ,&nbsp;Thanh-Tam Vu ,&nbsp;Okke Batelaan ,&nbsp;Quy-Nhan Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Vietnam's Mekong Delta (VMD) is known to be sinking below the sea due to climate change induced seawater level rise on one hand and land subsidence on the other hand. This phenomenon has deleterious ramifications for sustainable socio-economic advancement, manifesting in infrastructure degradation, recurrent inundation, intrusion of saline water, and reduction of habitable and cultivable areas within the region. Notably, in locales such as the Southern Hau River Region (SHRR), land subsidence rates as high as −10 cm/year have been documented, primarily associated with excessive groundwater extraction. Previous investigations have corroborated this relationship through the congruence between groundwater drawdown cones and areas of subsidence detected via InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) or through coupled Terzaghi consolidation theory-groundwater flow numerical modeling. This study extends the understanding of subsidence drivers in the SHRR beyond the groundwater level declining, encompassing tectonic activity, geological - lithological features, and landuse. Utilizing geostatistical analyses based on individual InSAR monitoring points, the study evaluates the respective contributions of these factors to land subsidence in the SHRR. Findings indicate that auto-compaction of young sediments, structural loading, and sediment compaction due to induced groundwater level decline are the principal factors precipitating land subsidence in the SHRR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of iron-sulfur metabolism and acid-producing microorganisms in groundwater contaminated by acid mine drainage in closed coal mines","authors":"Yanchang Huang ,&nbsp;Ping Lu ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Wenliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Linlin Lin ,&nbsp;Hepeng Xu ,&nbsp;Haoran Ding ,&nbsp;Tianhang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) from mining activities poses significant challenges to humanity due to its intense pollution and difficult management. Despite the hostile conditions presented by AMD, a plethora of microorganisms thrive in this environment. In this study, we employ metagenomic techniques and microbial diversity analysis to systematically categorize microorganisms. Specifically, we identify Sulfur-iron metabolizing microorganisms associated with AMD, encompassing 6 phyla and 1149 genera. Functional predictions and pathogenicity analyses are conducted on this microbial community. Furthermore, we specifically emphasize the study of acid-producing microorganisms. This research marks the first discussion on the scope and structure of acid-producing microorganisms., comprising 1 phylum, 39 genera, and 1393 species. Our research outcomes comprehensively depict the microbial diversity in AMD, unveiling their influence on the physicochemical properties of AMD pollution. This study contributes valuable insights to addressing environmental challenges arising from AMD and aids in its remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and enrichment mechanism of arsenic-rich groundwater from eastern coastal China","authors":"Naizheng Xu ,&nbsp;Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Liang Li ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Kaie Zhou ,&nbsp;Hesheng Wang ,&nbsp;Jianshi Gong ,&nbsp;Chunfang Zhu ,&nbsp;Xi Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater arsenic (As) contamination represents a noteworthy occurrence within coastal aquifers. This work employs an approach of chemical analysis and geochemical modelling to study the occurrence and enrichment mechanism of As-rich groundwater within coastal aquifers in East China. Recent hydrogeological survey demonstrates that the As contaminated samples are clustered in Rudong Bay and As contamination occurs within both reducing and oxidizing coastal aquifers. The Piper, Gibbs, and Rock-Weathering diagrams signify shallow and deep groundwater are Na–HCO₃ and mixed Na·Ca·Mg–HCO₃ facies respectively, and the hydrochemistry of contaminated groundwater is governed by weathering and dissolution. Moreover, high salinity in shallow groundwater can be associated with seawater intrusion. The PHREEQC modeling predicts that As (V) (HAsO₄²⁻) is the dominant As speciation in shallow groundwater, while As (Ⅲ) (H₃AsO₃) is the counterpart in deep groundwater. Statistical analysis of chemicals and modeling calculations suggest that alkaline desorption is responsible for As enrichment in shallow groundwater, while reductive dissolution is the primary processes governing As enrichment in deep groundwater. Redox and pH vibrations play an important role in generating the differences of As enrichment mechanism between shallow and deep aquifers in the coastal plain. The findings of this study may enhance understanding the occurrence and enrichment mechanism about As-rich groundwater within coastal area aquifers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the productivity of basement rock aquifers for sustainable groundwater development in sub-Sahara Africa using borehole pumping experiments and geophysical data","authors":"Wasiu Olanrewaju Raji ,&nbsp;Taiye Emmanuel Asaoye","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring all-year-round groundwater availability in the basement complex regions of sub-Sahara Africa requires careful combinations of strategies for exploration, development, and management of groundwater resources. The productivity of the basement aquifer of sub-Sahara Africa, SSA, was evaluated in terms of the volume of water produced per unit time, the aquifer transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, specific capacity, and the thickness of the water-bearing zones using a suit of data from borehole pumping experiments, geophysical surveys, and lithologic logs from Opaque Field in sub-Sahara Africa. Findings from the study have been used to classify the basement complex aquifers of sub-Sahara Africa into three categories: marginally productive, low productive, and moderately productive. Weathered and fractured zones were found to be bright spots for groundwater storage, and aquifer productivity correlates with topography and the thickness of the weather zones. Most of the boreholes located on the low topographic heights were found to have the highest groundwater discharge, transmissivity, and hydraulic conductivity. Further, the study showed that the popular models used for estimating aquifer properties are unsuitable for basement complex aquifers. The results of the models are exaggerated when compared to the pumping test results. Cases of dry holes or poorly performing wells in the basement complex terrain may be attributed to the exaggeration. Consequently, two new and novel quantitative models were proposed and tested for evaluating the productivity parameters of basement aquifers of SSA for optimal selection of sites for groundwater development. The aquifer productivity maps computed with the new quantitative models show striking similarities to those computed from the pumping tests results and confirmed the appropriateness of the new quantitative models. The appropriate pumping device, pump operation time, and installation depth were recommended for the boreholes producing groundwater from the three categories of aquifers identified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the role of groundwater in ecosystem water use efficiency in India considering irrigation, climate and land use","authors":"Akriti Singh,&nbsp;Vijaykumar Bejagam,&nbsp;Ashutosh Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial ecosystems (TEs) play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation. While interactions between surface water and ecosystems are well-studied, groundwater-ecosystem relationships remain poorly understood, particularly in groundwater-dependent regions like India. This study investigates the relationship between water table depth (WTD) and ecosystem productivity across India, considering the variation in irrigation practices, land use and climate types, from 2000 to 2021. We employ Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency (WUE_e), the rate of carbon uptake per unit of water consumed, to examine these interactions at different spatial scales. Our findings reveal a strong link between WUE_e and WTD. Shallower WTD regions, such as the lower Himalayas and Northeast India with forests and dominated by a wet/humid subtropical climate, exhibit higher WUE_e (1.5–3.5 g C/kg H₂O). Whereas deeper WTD regions like northwest India, characterized by shrublands and an arid climate, display lower WUE_e (&lt;1 g C/kg H₂O). This suggests vegetation in arid/semi-arid regions shows higher sensitivity to water availability compared to wetter areas. This is also evident by a declining WUE_e trend and increasing elasticity of WUE_e (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ε</mi><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>U</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) to interannual climatic variability with increasing WTD in these regions. Furthermore, the study identifies potential unsustainable groundwater use for irrigation in areas like the Trans Gangetic plains. Irrigation has a strong correlation with evapotranspiration (ET) (r = 0.4–0.6) in deep WTD zones, but no correlation with WUE_e. This implies that intense and unsustainable irrigation might disrupt the natural water use strategies of vegetation. This research, by improving understanding of these interactions, aims to contribute to the sustainable management of India's groundwater resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on the mechanisms and emerging prospects of biocatalytic dye degradation: Reactor systems and optimization strategies","authors":"A. Saravanan ,&nbsp;Y.P. Ragini ,&nbsp;S. Karishma ,&nbsp;R. Kamalesh ,&nbsp;A.S. Vickram","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of dyes has resulted in a concerning rise in the discharge of hazardous substances into the environment. The allergenic and carcinogenic properties of dyes pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. Various approaches are being used to address the mounting ecological issues associated with dye pollution. The process of degradation is tedious due to the persistent, recalcitrant, and non-degradable nature of dyes. Biocatalytic degradation represents a promising approach in addressing the environmental impacts caused by synthetic dyes. Biocatalytic techniques use enzymes and microorganisms to break down complex dye compounds. Certain processes, such as redox reactions aided by laccases, azo-reductases, and peroxidases, are involved in the degradation process. The performance and applicability of several bioreactor designs, including batch, continuous, and bed bioreactors, for dye degradation is reviewed. The effectiveness of the bio-catalytic degradation process has been addressed in relation to enhancement techniques including immobilization and genetic modification. The incorporation of cutting-edge technology holds considerable potential for the sustainable treatment of wastewater tainted with dyes, despite obstacles related to the economy and ecology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring groundwater vulnerability for sustainable water resource management: A DRASTIC-based comparative assessment in a newly township area of Bangladesh","authors":"Muhammad Anwar Iqbal ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdus Salam ,&nbsp;Md Nur-E-Alam ,&nbsp;Nusrat Jahan Rubaida ,&nbsp;Hafizur Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohammed Faruque Uddin","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater is a vital source of freshwater in our daily lives. Global and local groundwater quality are degrading due to rapid urbanization, human interference, and policy variations, which is prominent in developing nations like Bangladesh. The major purpose of this research is to analyze aquifer vulnerability in Bangladesh's north-central area (Mymensingh) using conventional and modified DRASTIC modeling. Seven influencing hydrogeological factors were employed to develop and integrate conventional DRASTIC modeling: soil media, net recharge, aquifer depth, aquifer media, topography, hydraulic conductivity, and influence of vadose zone, while land use and lineament density were used with them for modified DRASTIC modeling. The findings from four vulnerability analysis detected 29.56% (93.35 sq.km), 22.24% (83.12 sq. km), 28.52 (106.93 sq. km), and 37.6% (140.55 sq.km) of the study area as high to very high vulnerable zones for groundwater pollution. Lower groundwater depth, higher hydraulic conductivity, moderate to high groundwater recharge, dense lineaments, dense settlement, agricultural land, and inland waterbodies together might indicate a high vulnerability in the research area. The validation results based on EC and nitrate levels show that conventional (r = 0.884, p ≤ 0.01; r = 0.951, p ≤ 0.01) and modified DRASTIC models (r = 0.868, p ≤ 0.01; r = 0.840, p ≤ 0.01) have a stronger association with unconfined aquifers, than confined aquifers. Modification with both additional parameters showed more accuracy compared to the conventional one. Frequent monitoring of groundwater quality in high and moderately vulnerable zones is recommended for earlier detection and prevention of potential aquifer degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal variation of meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought vulnerability: Insights from statistical, machine learning and wavelet analysis","authors":"Asish Saha,&nbsp;Subodh Chandra Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of how agricultural drought (AD) is responsible for meteorological drought (MD) and hydrological drought (HD) is crucial for drought prevention and the socio-economic development of a nation. This is due to AD constitutes a significant threat to the nation's food productivity and security. In depth comprehension and mitigation of drought incidents depend on understanding their frequency and propagation patterns. In this study, spatio-temporal variation of three types of droughts have been assessed in the sub-tropical environment of eastern India. In this perspective, seasonal i.e., pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter MD, HD, and AD were assessed considering Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Water Level Index (SWI), and Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI) statistical tool respectively in sub-tropical agro-climatic zone of eastern India. In addition to this, spatial drought vulnerability of MD, HD and AD was assessed using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) considering suitable factors for each drought type, and overall drought vulnerability was assessed using “Random Forest (RF)” and “Artificial Neural Network (ANN)” methods. Furthermore, drought periodicity has been measured using a wavelet power spectrum analysis. The result of seasonal drought revealed that pre-monsoon season has more frequent drought occurrences than other seasons among the applied three types of droughts. The outcomes of overall drought vulnerability revealed that RF gives the optimum result followed by ANN i.e., 0.841 and 0.828, respectively, for validation purposes. The periodicity of drought ranges from 0.25 to 4 as obtained from wavelet analysis. In general, this research on how AD spreads from MD and HD is crucial for drought resilience, drought management, and food security among the stakeholders and policymakers for achieving the SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater potential mapping using machine learning approach in West Java, Indonesia","authors":"Jalu Tejo Nugroho ,&nbsp;Anugrah Indah Lestari ,&nbsp;Budhi Gustiandi ,&nbsp;Parwati Sofan ,&nbsp;Suwarsono ,&nbsp;Indah Prasasti ,&nbsp;Khalifah Insan Nur Rahmi ,&nbsp;Heru Noviar ,&nbsp;Nurwita Mustika Sari ,&nbsp;R. Johannes Manalu ,&nbsp;Samsul Arifin ,&nbsp;Ahmad Taufiq","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater availability is a challenge as it is utilized for vital sectors such as agricultural sector, human consumption, and industrial sector. Therefore, water resource mapping is needed to be performed to maintain water resource sustainability. This research aims to investigate groundwater potential in West Java, Indonesia using supervised machine learning (ML) methods namely Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Several groundwater conditioning factors were used in this research such as Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), lithology, geomorphology, land use land cover (LULC), soil type, and land system. The groundwater potential prediction model was validated using the groundwater potential map and well locations obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing of Republic of Indonesia, respectively. The results show that the highest overall accuracy was achieved using RF method (0.8). We found that the land system was the highest contributor to groundwater potential mapping (25%), followed by lithology (16%), NDVI (15%), geomorphology and TWI (14% each), and LULC and soil type (8% each). More than 50% of the West Java Province region exhibited groundwater potential in very low and low classes, while the high and very high classes of groundwater potential were only less than 16%. Ground geoelectric measurements were conducted in sample areas in Bandung City and Sukabumi District, representing very high and very low groundwater potentials, respectively. This study emphasizes the critical need to implement measures that ensure the sustainability of water resources and prevent mismanagement of groundwater extraction, particularly in West Java.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal variations of dug well water quality in Korba basin, Chhattisgarh, India: Insights into hydrogeological characteristics","authors":"Khageshwar Singh Patel ,&nbsp;Piyush Kant Pandey ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Bharat Lal Sahu ,&nbsp;Shobhana Ramteke ,&nbsp;Irena Wysocka ,&nbsp;Sema Yurdakul ,&nbsp;Simge Varol ,&nbsp;Pablo Martín-Ramos ,&nbsp;Dalchand Jhariya ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ,&nbsp;Prosun Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality in mining-affected regions is crucial to sustainably manage water resources and protect public health and ecosystems. This study investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics and water quality of 18 dug wells in the Korba basin, Chhattisgarh, India, an area heavily impacted by coal mining activities. Water samples were collected over three seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) and analyzed to determine physicochemical parameters, major ions, trace elements, and carbon content. Results revealed very high total dissolved solids concentrations ranging from 315 to 19,738 mg L⁻¹. Nitrate levels surpassed the Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) limit of 45 mg L⁻¹ in over 50% of samples, reaching a maximum of 200 mg L⁻¹. Fluoride concentrations in all samples exceeded the BIS limit (1.5 mg L⁻¹), ranging from 1.5 to 15.2 mg L⁻¹. The predominant water type was Ca-Mg-HCO₃, primarily influenced by rock-water interactions. Factor analysis indicated that both geogenic and anthropogenic processes influence pollution levels. Pollutant concentrations exhibited seasonal variations, generally peaking during the monsoon period. Temporal analysis from over six years revealed increasing trends for most parameters, indicating deteriorating water quality. Based on Water Quality Index values, all samples were classified as unsuitable for drinking, while assessments of irrigation water quality using various indices indicated that 61.11% of samples were suitable for agricultural use. The findings provide data to inform decision-making and public health protection in this heavily industrialized region and emphasize the urgent need for sustainable water resource management and pollution prevention strategies in the Korba basin to align with UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (good health and well-being) and 6 (clean water and sanitation).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}