Integrated groundwater quality assessment using GIS and statistical analysis techniques at Islamkot subdistrict in the Thar desert area

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101469

Imran Aziz Tunio , Sheeraz Ahmed Memon , Love Kumar , Habibullah Abbasi , Habib Ursani , Sher Muhammad Ghoto

{"title":"Integrated groundwater quality assessment using GIS and statistical analysis techniques at Islamkot subdistrict in the Thar desert area","authors":"Imran Aziz Tunio , Sheeraz Ahmed Memon , Love Kumar , Habibullah Abbasi , Habib Ursani , Sher Muhammad Ghoto","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101469","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, statistics, and spatial distribution of groundwater for the desert area of Pakistan. It aims to assess the contamination hotspots and to appraise the groundwater quality in the region. A total of 50 groundwater samples were collected from dug wells and analyzed for key physicochemical parameters, including Arsenic (As), Fluoride (F), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chloride (Cl), and Total Hardness (TH). The spatial distribution of these parameters was mapped using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool. At the same time, statistical analysis viz, Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), correlation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to identify significant differences among groundwater quality metrics across different locations. The WQI analysis revealed that 20 % of the study area's water was unsuitable for drinking purposes. A large portion (50 %) of the study area exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) standards for As in drinking water, with 40 % of samples surpassing the F limit, 28 % exceeding the TDS, 26 % exceeding EC, 22 % for As, 18 % for Cl, and 6 % for TH. Correlation analysis has shown a positive relationship between F, EC, and TDS, suggesting their potential as an indicator of water electrolytic properties. This indicates that the groundwater conditions were not good for daily use. The findings indicate the impact of population, development activities, and climate variability on groundwater in the study region. This study also contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) by providing useful information for the monitoring of groundwater in arid regions. Policymakers and government agencies can use these findings to develop targeted and sustainable strategies that ensure the sustainability of the water supply and prevent the further contamination of groundwater aquifers in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352801X25000669","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, statistics, and spatial distribution of groundwater for the desert area of Pakistan. It aims to assess the contamination hotspots and to appraise the groundwater quality in the region. A total of 50 groundwater samples were collected from dug wells and analyzed for key physicochemical parameters, including Arsenic (As), Fluoride (F), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chloride (Cl), and Total Hardness (TH). The spatial distribution of these parameters was mapped using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool. At the same time, statistical analysis viz, Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), correlation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to identify significant differences among groundwater quality metrics across different locations. The WQI analysis revealed that 20 % of the study area's water was unsuitable for drinking purposes. A large portion (50 %) of the study area exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) standards for As in drinking water, with 40 % of samples surpassing the F limit, 28 % exceeding the TDS, 26 % exceeding EC, 22 % for As, 18 % for Cl, and 6 % for TH. Correlation analysis has shown a positive relationship between F, EC, and TDS, suggesting their potential as an indicator of water electrolytic properties. This indicates that the groundwater conditions were not good for daily use. The findings indicate the impact of population, development activities, and climate variability on groundwater in the study region. This study also contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) by providing useful information for the monitoring of groundwater in arid regions. Policymakers and government agencies can use these findings to develop targeted and sustainable strategies that ensure the sustainability of the water supply and prevent the further contamination of groundwater aquifers in the region.

查看原文本刊更多论文

基于GIS和统计分析技术的塔尔沙漠地区伊斯拉克特街道地下水质量综合评价

本研究对巴基斯坦沙漠地区地下水的理化参数、统计数据和空间分布进行了综合分析。目的是对污染热点地区进行评价，并对该地区的地下水水质进行评价。通过挖井采集50份地下水样品，分析其主要理化参数，包括砷（As）、氟化物(F)、总溶解固形物（TDS）、电导率（EC）、氯化物（Cl）和总硬度（TH）。利用地理信息系统（GIS）工具绘制了这些参数的空间分布。同时，采用水质指数（WQI）、主成分分析（PCA）、相关性分析（correlation）和方差分析（ANOVA）进行统计分析，发现不同地点地下水水质指标之间存在显著差异。WQI分析显示，研究区域20%的水不适合饮用。研究区域的很大一部分（50%）超过了世界卫生组织（WHO）的饮用水砷标准，其中40%的样品超过了F限值，28%超过了TDS， 26%超过了EC， 22%超过了As， 18%超过了Cl， 6%超过了TH。相关分析表明，F、EC和TDS呈正相关关系，表明它们有可能作为水电解性能的指标。这表明地下水条件不适合日常使用。研究结果表明，人口、发展活动和气候变率对研究区地下水的影响。该研究还通过为干旱地区地下水监测提供有用信息，为联合国可持续发展目标6（清洁水和卫生设施）做出贡献。决策者和政府机构可以利用这些发现制定有针对性和可持续的战略，以确保供水的可持续性，并防止该地区地下水含水层的进一步污染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

10.20%

发文量

152

期刊介绍： Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.