Obesity Medicine最新文献_第5页

Failure of inflammation hypothesis in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100565

Jianping Ye

引用次数: 0

How does obesity potentiate autoimmune disease in women? 肥胖如何加剧女性自身免疫性疾病？

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100570

Keaton Karlinsey, Beiyan Zhou

引用次数: 0

Metal mixtures and childhood adiposity risk 金属混合物与儿童肥胖风险。

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100571

Gang Hu

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Obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of gingival inflammation

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100568

Luiz Alexandre Chisini , Luiza Gioda Noronha , Laylla Galdino-Santos , Francine dos Santos Costa , Marina Souza Azevedo , Marcos Britto Corrêa , Flávio Fernando Demarco

{"title":"Obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of gingival inflammation","authors":"Luiz Alexandre Chisini , Luiza Gioda Noronha , Laylla Galdino-Santos , Francine dos Santos Costa , Marina Souza Azevedo , Marcos Britto Corrêa , Flávio Fernando Demarco","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Studies have identified a possible link between obesity, overweight, and gingival inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether overweight and obesity are associated with a higher prevalence of gingival bleeding among university students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from 2089 students in 2016 through a self-administered questionnaire. Gingival inflammation was assessed with the question, “Does your gum bleed when you brush your teeth?” Responses were classified as “yes” or “no”. Body mass index (BMI) was assessed based on self-reported weight and height, following WHO standards: Normal (<25), Overweight (25–30), and Obesity (>30). A Poisson regression model was applied to analyze the association between BMI categories and gingival bleeding prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of gingival inflammation was 50.8% and the prevalence of obesity and overweight was 8% and 23%, respectively. Obese individuals demonstrated a 32% higher prevalence of gingival bleeding compared to those with a normal BMI (PR=1.32, 95%CI [1.17–1.49]). Overweight students showed no significant association with gingival bleeding (PR=1.01, 95%CI [0.91–1.13]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of gingival bleeding, while overweight status showed no significant association. These results suggest that obesity, rather than overweight, is associated with increased gingival inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) is a key factor in insulin resistance 交感神经活动（SNA）是胰岛素抵抗的关键因素

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100566

Jianping Ye

引用次数: 0

Assessment of nutritional status, food consumption patterns, childhood trauma and stress among adolescent school girls 评估青春期女学生的营养状况、食物消费模式、童年创伤和压力

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100564

Yumna Mubashir , Alina Azhar , Madiha Iftikhar

{"title":"Assessment of nutritional status, food consumption patterns, childhood trauma and stress among adolescent school girls","authors":"Yumna Mubashir , Alina Azhar , Madiha Iftikhar","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescence is an age of rapid growth and physical development which makes it the most important period of life. Adolescent females are at higher risk of malnutrition because of their reproductive biology, poor social standing and lack of education thus they are more inclined towards unhealthy eating habits being concerned about their physical appearance. The study aimed to assess the nutritional status, identify the dietary patterns, stress levels; presence of childhood trauma and their factors<strong>.</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 781 adolescent girls from public schools of Islamabad. The mean age of respondents was 16.53 (±1.11) years. 36% of the respondents were underweight, 5% were overweight while only 1.9% were obese. Three dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: refined carb and fast food diet, prudent diet, and seafood and dairy product diet. The presence of childhood trauma was alarmingly high among the adolescent girls (54.4%). 18.8% of the adolescents reported high levels of stress while 68% experienced moderate stress. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that nutritional status has an impact on stress, trauma and dietary patterns. The study concludes that under-nutrition is a health problem among adolescent girls of public school. Presence of trauma and stress demands preventive inductive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio: Exploring the associations for high blood pressure risk in school-age adolescents 腰围和腰围身高比：探索学龄青少年高血压风险的关联性

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100562

Adeluci Moraes , Aline Giselle Nagafuchi , Raphael Testa , Kamila Grandolfi , Andreo Aguiar , Juliano Casonatto

{"title":"Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio: Exploring the associations for high blood pressure risk in school-age adolescents","authors":"Adeluci Moraes , Aline Giselle Nagafuchi , Raphael Testa , Kamila Grandolfi , Andreo Aguiar , Juliano Casonatto","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood and adolescent obesity present a global health concern, notably due to its association with adverse outcomes such as high blood pressure (HBP). Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are promising indicators for assessing HBP risk in school-age adolescents. However, their association with Stavnsbo-recommended WC cutoff points and high BP prevalence necessitates further investigation, holding potential implications for early intervention and prevention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Investigate the association between high blood pressure (HBP) and WC cutoff points advised by Stavnsbo, along with WHtR, in adolescents from privileged socioeconomic backgrounds in Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study in 2022 involved 216 students aged 9 to 16 from a private school in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Data, collected through an internal project monitoring anthropometric and social indicators, included validated blood pressure assessments. Statistical analyses, employing t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression, explored relationships between WC, WHtR, and blood pressure, adjusting for covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Female participants had a lower prevalence of obesity (2.9% vs 5.3%) but a higher prevalence of overweight (27.5% vs 17.5%) compared to males. The overall excess weight prevalence was 26.4%, with females showing lower absolute risk scores for WC (25.5% vs 34.2%), WHtR (19.6% vs 23.7%), and HBP (21.5% vs. 40.3%). Significant associations were observed between HBP and WC (X<sup>2</sup> = 9.759, <em>P</em> = 0.002) as well as WHtR (X<sup>2</sup> = 6.335, <em>P</em> = 0.012) among males, with those in the “Risk” category exhibiting higher HBP prevalence. Overall, both WC and WHtR demonstrated significant associations with HBP (X<sup>2</sup> = 12.428, <em>P</em> < 0.001, and X<sup>2</sup> = 9.550, <em>P</em> = 0.002, respectively). Logistic regression indicated higher odds for HBP in males with risk values for WC (OR 3.876 [1.714–8.765 CI], <em>P</em> = 0.001) or WHtR (OR 3.684 [1.457–9.315 CI], <em>P</em> = 0.006). In the overall analysis, participants with risk values for WC had 3.2 (1.688–6.080 CI, <em>P</em> < 0.001) times higher odds, and for WHtR, 3.4 (1.679–6.934 CI, <em>P</em> = 0.001) times higher odds of HBP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the associations between WC, WHtR, and HBP in adolescent schoolchildren. The results underscore the significance of gender-specific assessments and emphasize the potential of these anthropometric measures as valuable tools for identifying and managing HBP risk in adolescents. Further research and clinical applications are imperative to deepen understanding and address the health needs of this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution of obesity and the origin of adipose tissue 肥胖症的演变和脂肪组织的起源

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100561

Murat Karaoglan , Mertcan Karaoglan

{"title":"The evolution of obesity and the origin of adipose tissue","authors":"Murat Karaoglan , Mertcan Karaoglan","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a well-established definition of the disorder in which the net energy balance between energy intake and energy expenditure is disturbed, characterized by overeating and lack of physical activity. Obesity is also a disease of civilization, and as with many other diseases of civilization, the root cause is not convergent features arising from individual biological structure. The basic disorder is the maladaptation of the body adapted for the environment millions of years ago, to the rapidly changing conditions of today's civilization. Since the Industrial Revolution in 1850, mechanization, technological advances, digitization and groundbreaking innovations in information have created an unprecedented change in the lifestyle of the human species compared to previous ages. On the one hand, these developments have laid the foundation for a lack of physical activity that has made us independent of labor power. On the other hand, developments in food production, distribution and marketing networks have led to changes in eating habits and dietary patterns that have resulted in overeating. As a result, today's man has been born into an obesogenic niche characterized by a sedentary life characterized by less energy expenditure and more energy intake, and endless feasting. The global prevalence of obesity has increased in such a short time that it cannot be explained by genetic reasons. Biological/genetic features are only a small part of obesity pandemic. Therefore, ignoring the environment one is born into and the evolutionary relationships between the environment and the organism is not a rational approach to find the solution.</div><div>This review argues that obesity is a maladaptation resulting from the interaction of the psychological, behavioral, social, and economic components of obesity and the obesogenic environment with ancient evolutionary drivers determined by natural selection. It aims to draw attention to the evolutionary journey of adipose tissue and obesity, and to compile explanations for obesity based on evolutionary medicine, in order to be the basis for the clinical approach. It claims that this approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity will have effective clinical results and will provide broad social implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sorghum bicolor polyphenol-rich extract improves insulin sensitivity and protect against chronic stress exacerbated diabetic nephropathy through modulation of Nrf2/NF-κB 富含高粱双色多酚的提取物通过调节 Nrf2/NF-κB 改善胰岛素敏感性并防止慢性应激加剧糖尿病肾病

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100557

Abayomi M. Ajayi , Tolulope E. Akintelu , Favour O. Igari , Olajuwon Okubena , Solomon Umukoro

{"title":"Sorghum bicolor polyphenol-rich extract improves insulin sensitivity and protect against chronic stress exacerbated diabetic nephropathy through modulation of Nrf2/NF-κB","authors":"Abayomi M. Ajayi , Tolulope E. Akintelu , Favour O. Igari , Olajuwon Okubena , Solomon Umukoro","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Sorghum bicolor</em> leaf sheath is known for its rich phytoconstituents 3-in deoxyanthocyanidins with protective and health benefits in targeting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate <em>Sorghum bicolor</em> polyphenol-rich extract (SBPE) and its combination with metformin on insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy in high-fat/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats exposed to chronic stress.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects of SBPE was investigated in male Wistar rats fed with high-fat diet and injected streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Diabetic rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress and orally treated with SBPE (200 mg/kg), metformin (250 mg/kg) and SBPE + metformin for 28 days. Kidney function parameters, FBS, insulin, adiponectin, kidney injury marker (KIM-1), triglycerides were determined. Renal tissues inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10), oxidative stress, apoptotic (caspase-3,-9) and transcriptional factors (Nrf2 and NF-κB) were determined as well as histology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SBPE significantly reduced FBS, triglycerides insulin and parameters for insulin resistance in diabetic rats exposed to stress. Dysregulated electrolytes, urea, creatinine, adiponectin and KIM-1 were significantly reversed in SBPE and SBPE + metformin groups. SBPE treatment significantly reduced MDA, nitrites, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels, while GSH, catalase, SOD, GST and IL-10 were increased in renal tissues. Increased apoptotic markers (caspase-3, caspase-9) and NF-κB, along with reduced Nrf2 levels, were significantly reversed by SBPE and SBPE + metformin. Distorted kidney histomorphoarchitecture was reversed in SBPE-treated groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Sorghum bicolor</em> polyphenol-rich extract and its combination with metformin showed promising antidiabetic effects in stress-exacerbated diabetes in rats through improving insulin sensitivity and nephroprotective mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three scientists on GLP-1 based obesity drug development are sharing 2024 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Research Award 三位研究基于 GLP-1 的肥胖症药物开发的科学家共享 2024 年拉斯克-德贝基临床研究奖

Obesity Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100560

Tianru Jin

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