{"title":"Second Order Soft-TEMPEST in RF Front-Ends: Design and Detection of Polyglot Modulations","authors":"E. Cottais, J. Esteves, C. Kasmi","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485134","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have focused on threats induced by electromagnetic compatibility for information security. A potential correlation between the information processed by an electronic device and its emanations represents a real threat for the confidentiality of the information. Studies have also shown that the susceptibility of electronic devices represents a nonnegligible risk for its integrity and its availability. In particular, several Soft-TEMPEST attacks have been proposed recently in order to create electromagnetic physical covert channels. These however focus on a direct correlation between the processed data and the electromagnetic emanations. In this paper we propose to investigate indirect attacks involving a local impact of the electromagnetic compatibility of a device, such as a crosstalk, modifying the behavior of a component which in turn will contribute to establish the covert channel. To introduce such second order Soft-TEMPEST attack, the case of an attacker-controlled communication line inducing perturbations on the local oscillator of a radio frequency front-end and creating a polyglot modulation-based covert channel is proposed.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115892837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Holloway, Matt T. Simons, Marcus D. Kautz, P. Wilson, J. Gordon
{"title":"Development and Applications of a Fiber-Coupled Atom-Based Electric Field Probe","authors":"C. Holloway, Matt T. Simons, Marcus D. Kautz, P. Wilson, J. Gordon","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485006","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a fundamentally new atom-based approach for electric (E) field measurements. This new approach will lead to a self-calibrated, SI traceable, E-field measurement, providing us with the capability to perform measurements on a fine spatial resolution in both the far- and near-fields. Here, we discuss the development and applications of the first moveable fiber-coupled version of this atom-based E-field measurement approach. We show results for various measurements including: far-field measurements of the E-fields, measurements of the E-field distribution along the surface of a circuit board, field measurements in apertures, measurements of the directivity pattern of a horn antenna, and measurements made in a GTEM cell.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"655 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115115633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Black Box EMC Modeling of a Three Phase Inverter","authors":"M. Amara, C. Vollaire, Marwan Ali, F. Costa","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI) modeling of a DC-AC power converter, based on a black box representation: the converter is represented by an association of sources and impedances that reflect its external EMI behavior. This modeling approach presented in this paper requires a very short computation time, which allows an optimized design of an EMC filter or an interaction study between several converters connected on the same electrical network. This EMC model depending on a given operation point of the converter, the second part of this paper is dedicated to the study of the load influence on this behavioral model.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123488116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Powell, Nishchay H. Sule, S. Hemmady, P. Zarkesh-Ha
{"title":"Predictive Model for Extreme Electromagnetic Compatibility on CMOS Inverters","authors":"T. Powell, Nishchay H. Sule, S. Hemmady, P. Zarkesh-Ha","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analytical model to predict and characterize the impact of Extreme Electromagnetic Interference (EEMI) on Voltage Transfer Characteristic (VTC) of CMOS inverters as a function of device scale. The predictive model determines the slope of VTC based on only a few primitive technology parameters. The developed analytical model is successfully compared against measurement data from a CMOS inverter fabricated using TSMC's 350nm standard CMOS process. Based on the predictive model the tolerance to EEMI injected power in a CMOS inverter reduces by technology scaling, starting from 14dBm at 350nm down to 3.5dBm at 65nm technology node.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121936352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Yousaf, J. Han, H. Lee, W. Nah, J. Youn, S. Mun, D. Lee, C. Hwang
{"title":"Fast Characterization of System Level ESD Noise Coupling to Real Motherboard in Notebook","authors":"J. Yousaf, J. Han, H. Lee, W. Nah, J. Youn, S. Mun, D. Lee, C. Hwang","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485035","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a method for the fast and efficient characterization of the system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) noise coupling to real portable computer (note-book) motherboard. The coupled noise to the commercial laptop motherboard, in both operational and non-operational conditions, is predicted in SPICE type circuit simulator using the derived coupling transfer impedance function from scattering (S) parameters. 8-parameters between the aggressor and victim positions are measured using the proposed different method, without any modification in ESD generator, for the calculation of the coupling transfer impedance function. A good degree of accuracy is observed between the time domain measured and simulated results using proposed method.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"334 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128742312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Anderson, E. Paradis, Georg Raithe, R. Sapiro, M. Simons, C. Holloway
{"title":"High-Resolution Near-Field Imaging and Far-Field Antenna Measurements with Atomic Sensors","authors":"D. Anderson, E. Paradis, Georg Raithe, R. Sapiro, M. Simons, C. Holloway","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485102","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of radio-frequency (RF) electric fields using atomic sensors based on quantum-optical spectroscopy of Rydberg states in vapors has garnered significant interest in recent years for the establishment of atomic standards for RF electric fields and towards the development of novel RF sensing instrumentation. Here we describe recent work employing atomic sensors for sub-wavelength near-field imaging of a Ku- band horn antenna. We demonstrate near-field imaging capability at a spatial resolution of λ/10 and measurements over a 72 to 240 V/m field range using off-resonance AC-Stark shifts of a Rydberg-atom resonance. A fiber-coupled atomic-sensor probe is also employed in far-field measurements of a WR-90 standard gain horn.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128753421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of Conducted Noise of an AC Drive by Means of Mixed Mode 6-Port Networks","authors":"Danil Drozhzhir, G. Griepentrog","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8484989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8484989","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new frequency domain model for the simulation of conducted noise generated by an AC drive applied in the aircraft. The model is based on a newly proposed mixed mode 6-port networks, which allow to take a crosstalk between differential and common modes. The network can be derived from measured or calculated S-parameters. The resulting model keeps the simplicity of a behavioural frequency domain models and at the same time allows to simulate generated noise including three-phase structure of an electrical drive. The model can be used for EMI filter and converter optimization of an AC drive.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130039349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of an X-band Photoconductive Metasurface with Variable Amplitude Control","authors":"Cheng Yang, Qian Ma, G. Bai, Lei Bao, T. Cui","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485027","url":null,"abstract":"An optically controlled metasurface design is presented. The unit cell of the metasurface consists of a die of high-resistive silicon mounted over a gap between two metallic patches. The switching performance of the silicon die is first investigated by transmission line measurements. Then a reflective metasurface prototype is fabricated and a waveguide experimental setup is used to verify the photoconductive ability of the metasurface when pumped by a laser source. The results show a tunable reflectivity from 2.0 dB to 14.0 dB in X-band. The proposed photoconductive metasurface is prominent with no metallic bias lines and hence can be used for reconfigurable electromagnetic interference shielding applications.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130113085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling of the Return Traction Current Harmonics Distribution in Rails for AC Electric Railway System","authors":"V. Havryliuk","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485160","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of determination of the traction current harmonics distribution in rails generated by several trains that operated in AC feeder zone is considered. The investigations were caused by necessity to ensure electromagnetic compatibility of the new types of rolling stock equipped with electronic static converters with track circuits that are used in train movement control systems for detection of their positions. The great diversity of rolling stock, power supply and return current systems, and train detection systems installed in European countries leads to consideration of the electromagnetic compatibility problem taking into account the specific railway systems used in the each country. Investigation of the electromagnetic compatibility between different railway subsystems requires the use of simulation programs that help to reveal most critical conditions for electromagnetic compatibility at an early stage and also makes it possible to estimate electromagnetic interference from rolling stock in rails under the worst-case conditions, realization of which in the operating systems will require a lot of time and cost. This work consider evolved model for distribution of the traction current harmonics in rails from several trains. To illustrate the application of the considered model, the distribution of the traction current harmonics in rails was computed for25 kV AC direct feeding network depending on distance from electrical supply substation, the rail-to-earth conductance, and the number of trains in the feeder zone. The results of modeling of the harmonics distribution are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131009170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of Electronic Board Radiated Emissions from Near Field Characterization","authors":"S. Leman, R. Omarouayache, F. Hoeppe, A. Piche","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2018.8485047","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the post-processing methodology devoted to Near-Field Measurement (NFM) to provide assistance in the EMC design phases of complex electronics products. The major Airbus Defence and Space challenge for incoming year concerns the control of units radiated emissions (RE). High speed links induce more and more Radiated Emissions (RE) non-conformities for units in on-board receiver frequencies (ex: GPS Ll, GPS L2, S-band TCR …). Huge amount of non-conformances, additional test campaigns to recover acceptable levels and system level analysis require a dedicated NF extrapolation methodology to decrease the number of RE tests at unit level. Based on measurements of the two tangential components of magnetic fields $H_{x}$ and $H_{y}$ very close to the device, the proposed “NFS2RE” methodology allows: $blacksquare$. The estimation of the four remaining components $H_{Z},E_{x}, E_{y}$ and $E_{z}$ in Near-Field (NF) region. (These sensitive components are more difficult to measure). $blacksquare$. The extrapolation of EM fields for each frequency $f$ at a distance $d$ from the board ($d=lm$ for RE test). The methodology proposed in this paper is based on the Planar Wave Spectrum (PWS) representation of fields adapted to the EMC problematic. A focus on the sensitive parameters of the algorithm are discussed especially concerning spectrum and spatial resolution optimisation based on adaptive Zero Padding (ZP) technique. Two radiating electric and magnetic antennas are used to validate the proposed algorithm based on comparison with “3D” simulation results which overcome measurement environment problems. A microstrip line experimental test case is then measured in both NF and RE conditions to validate the extrapolation method.","PeriodicalId":376960,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130457735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}