Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology最新文献

{"title":"Non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5 photopigments","authors":"Ramanujam Karthikeyan ,&nbsp;Wayne I.L. Davies ,&nbsp;Lena Gunhaga","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting different wavelengths and intensities of environmental light is crucial for the survival of many animals. In response, a multiplicity of opsins (a special group of photosensitive G protein-coupled receptors), when combined with a retinal chromophore, is able to directly detect light and initiate different downstream phototransduction signaling cascades. Although avian studies from the 1930s suggested the presence of deep brain photoreceptors that could respond to seasonal changes in the light/dark cycle, it was only a few decades ago that photopigments other than those found in the visual system (i.e. rods and cones) were identified as functional photoreceptors. It is now established that several classes of non-visual photoreceptors and the photopigments they express, in lower vertebrates to higher mammals alike, can regulate a plethora of mechanisms that function outside of vision. These include the synchronization of light/dark cycles with biological/cellular rhythms of the body (i.e. photoentrainment); melanogenesis in dermal tissues; thermoregulation in adipose tissue; embryonic eye development; smooth muscle relaxation; and the development of certain cancers. These and other mechanisms have been shown, in part at least, to be controlled by the expression of three important non-visual opsin genes, namely <em>OPN3, OPN4</em> and <em>OPN5</em>, although other vertebrate opsin classes exist, many with unknown or unclear functional roles assigned to them presently. Specifically, these three opsins have been shown to be expressed during early embryogenesis and throughout adulthood, which will be discussed here. Moreover, this review highlights recent studies that focus on several key non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5, and in particular those that impact photoreception in developing structures and pathways, as well as in adulthood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3272688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrodeposited NiFe2O4/Cu2O heterostructure thin films with enhanced photocurrent generation","authors":"Samba Siva Vadla ,&nbsp;Sruthi Guru ,&nbsp;Tripta Parida ,&nbsp;Subish John ,&nbsp;Somnath C. Roy ,&nbsp;G. Ranga Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In comparison with single-phase materials, heterostructures have been known for superior water splitting applications. In this study, Cu₂O and NiFe₂O₄ are chosen to fabricate thin film heterostructures. Cu₂O is electrodeposited at 60 °C for 5 min on ITO-coated glass substrates using three-electrode system. After deposition, the phase formation is confirmed using powder x-ray diffraction studies. The NiFe₂O₄ (NFO) thin films are deposited using RF sputtering method at room temperature for 2 h on Cu₂O/ITO substrates to obtain NFO/Cu₂O/ITO Type-II heterostructure. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) cross-sectional images show that the thickness of NFO layer is 120 nm and Cu₂O layer is 1.5 µm. The photocurrent density of Cu₂O on ITO is 0.08 ± 0.002 mA/cm², and it increased to 0.12 ± 0.002 mA/cm² after adding NFO layer on Cu₂O film due to Type-II heterojunction formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3457201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combination of violet light and infra-red as well as violet light only effectively suppress the survival of multiple-drug resistant bacteria","authors":"Areli Martinez ,&nbsp;Karina Hernandez-Quijada ,&nbsp;Anurupa A. Ghosh ,&nbsp;Gabriela Cabrera ,&nbsp;Derrick Scott ,&nbsp;Anthea Aikins ,&nbsp;Dinesh K. Verma ,&nbsp;Igsoo Kwon ,&nbsp;Yong-Hwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since recent global pandemic started, there has been a high demand for establishing an inexpensive but effective method to interfere with the spread of infectious diseases. Here, we have tested several combinations of violet light (V, 405 nm) with infra-red (IR, 850 nm) to identify an optimal light for suppressing pathogens. Our results demonstrate that both violet only (4 V) and 3V-1IR (3:1 ratio in combination of violet and infra-red) effectively suppressed all the bacterial growth tested, including Gram-negative and -positive multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains. Both 4 V and 3V-1IR equally terminated standard strains of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, as well as MDR-strains (<em>E. coli, Salmonella enterica</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> from ATCC) effectively. In mechanism, the violet light enhanced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bactericidal effects, however, we have observed a slightly higher potency from 3V-1IR at a shorter distance, probably due to mild heat-derived dehydration by IR. Therefore, we suggest to expose 3V-1IR for short distance applications (≤1 meter) and both 4 V and 3V-1IR for longer distance (≥1 m). Notably, our results strongly suggest that the exposure of safe violet light or with infra-red can be an effective method to suppress the potential spread of bacteria-derived infectious diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3143885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible light-driven photocatalytic benzoyl azides formation from benzotrichlorides using rhodium ion modified TiO2","authors":"Keita Shichijo,&nbsp;Hisashi Shimakoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Visible light-driven benzoyl azides formation catalyzed by a rhodium ion modified TiO₂ (Rh³⁺/TiO₂) is reported. The Rh³⁺/TiO₂ was prepared as a visible light responsive photocatalyst by a simple procedure from TiO₂ and RhCl₃･3H₂O. The Rh³⁺/TiO₂ exhibited a broaden visible light absorption from 400 nm to 600 nm. Benzoyl azide formation from a benzotrichloride and a trimethylsilyl azide (TMS-N₃) was performed catalyzed by the Rh³⁺/TiO₂ under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm) in air at room temperature. In this reaction, the benzotrichloride was effectively reduced by the single electron transfer (SET) from the Rh³⁺/TiO₂, and the benzoyl azide was produced in 71% yield via the reaction between the benzoyl chloride and TMS-N₃. In addition, several benzotrichloride derivatives were applied to this reaction and the corresponding benzoyl azide derivatives were formed in up to 71% yield. A kinetic analysis was also performed on these reactions, and it was suggested that the SET is the rate determining step in this reaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3457205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of liquid-core waveguides as photochemical reactors and/or for chemical analysis – An overview","authors":"Iris Groeneveld ,&nbsp;Amber Jaspars ,&nbsp;Imran B. Akca ,&nbsp;Govert W. Somsen ,&nbsp;Freek Ariese ,&nbsp;Maarten R. van Bommel","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of photochemical reactions is of great importance in many fields including the pharmaceutical, food, and paint industry. Most of these photochemical processes are being studied to better understand how to apply them for a specific purpose or how unwanted effects can be prevented. Advances are still being made in photoreactor design, where in-situ detection of the involved reagents and products is an important development. Liquid-core waveguides (LCWs) allow simultaneous illumination and optical assessment of liquid samples and, therefore, constitute one way of combining photoreactor design with on-line or in-situ analytical detection methods. LCWs possess several interesting characteristics, such as low light loss, increased optical path length, and possibilities for coupling with spectroscopic techniques. The current review discusses the state-of-the-art of LCWs applied as photoreactors, for analytical detection, and their combinations. We discuss the differences between several total internal reflection (TIR)-based LCWs, including polymer and polymer-coated capillaries, and silica aerogels, and interference-based waveguides, including Bragg fibers, holey fibers, Kagomé fibers and anti-resonance reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs). Assessed characteristics include the (freedom of) design, the degree of light attenuation, the range of transmittable wavelengths, gas permeability, compatibility with analytical techniques, current challenges, and applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3457204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual opsins: Physiological alteration promoted by led light","authors":"María M. Benedetto ,&nbsp;Manuel G. Bruera ,&nbsp;Gonzalo G. Guendulain ,&nbsp;María A. Contín","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rods are the most sensitive cells to light present in the retina, being therefore responsible for dim light vision. Light photons captured by the retina stimulate rhodopsin, promoting phototransduction mechanisms that end up sending the information to the brain. However, overexposure to light and continuous receptor stimulation may promote retinal damage. Thus, artificial light might have harmful effects on the retina, most particularly in rods. Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are nowadays the most used devices, and therefore their potential damage to the visual system should be evaluated and considered as a potential environmental factor in retinal degeneration. Particularly in Wistar rats, tonic receptors stimulation under constant light exposure (LL) produces retinal remodeling, inducing classical photoreceptors death and a re-location of non-classical opsins.</p><p>This work aims to show the effects of LED devices on rat retinas under intermittent stimulation. Wistar rats were exposed to white LED under 12:12 light/dark cycles for seven days (LD) to finally analyze the number of photoreceptors nuclei, electroretinograms (ERGs) activity, and glial activation. Our findings demonstrate that animals exposed to LED devices, even when they have intermittent periods of rest in darkness, present early retinal injury after seven days, compared with animals maintained in housing conditions (LDR) or darkness (DD). Altogether, these results suggest that extended LD conditions might induce retinal damage as constant light exposure (LL) does.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3402510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cocrystallization with nicotinamide promotes naproxen photodegradation in the solid-state","authors":"Kohei Kawabata,&nbsp;Ayano Miyoshi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Nishi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we evaluated the photostability of a cocrystal of naproxen (NPX) and nicotinamide (NA) for the development of the photostabilization strategy. NPX photodegradation during ultraviolet-light (UV) irradiation was estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The photostability of a NPX-NA cocrystal was less than NPX in the solid-state. Furthermore, NPX was photodegraded faster in the presence of NA at a higher concentration when the NPX-NA mixtures were UV-irradiated. The values of residual amounts of NPX in UV-irradiated NPX-NA cocrystal and mixture were 76.60 ± 3.85% and 70.06 ± 4.09%, respectively, which were significantly lower compared with that of UV-irradiated NPX powder (83.57 ± 2.15%). However, in the case that the effect of NA in the suspension of NPX was investigated, NA had no effect on NPX photodegradation. Residual amounts of NPX in UV-irradiated suspensions of NPX and NPX-NA cocrystal were comparable (33.13 ± 6.02% and 30.22 ± 2.09%, respectively). These results suggested that NA might promote NPX photodegradation only in the solid-state on account of that NA molecule could deliver the excitation energy to NPX molecule. This is the first study focused on the photochemical behavior of NPX-NA cocrystal and mixture and suggests that the presence of NA might induce the change of photostability of NPX in the powder form.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2820810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced visible light photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) by Bi2WO6 nanosheet/CuFe2O4 nanofiber heterojunctions","authors":"Makiyyu Abdullahi Musa ,&nbsp;Hong Shao ,&nbsp;Da Xu ,&nbsp;Feng Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangting Dong ,&nbsp;Raba'ah Syahidah Azis ,&nbsp;Adamu Yunusa Ugya ,&nbsp;Hadiza Abdullahi Ari","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heterojunction formation is among the important approaches to improve visible light activity of photocatalysts, to achieve cheaper and more sustainable pollutant removal, at larger scale. In this study, Bi₂WO₆ NS/x% CuFe₂O₄ NF (<em>x</em> = 1, 2, 5 and 10) composites were prepared using electrospinning and hydrothermal synthesis, to achieve improved photocatalytic Cr (VI) removal under visible light. The effects of the composite formation on their structural, optical and photocatalytic properties were studied. Pure CuFe₂O₄ and Bi₂WO₆ phases were achieved, as reflected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, with some variations in peak parameters in the Bi₂WO₆ NS/CuFe₂O₄ NF composites, which confirmed the incorporation of the CuFe₂O₄ NFs into the Bi₂WO₄ NS. From photoluminescence studies, lower emission peaks were observed in the Bi₂WO₆ NS/CuFe₂O₄ NF composites than that in pure Bi₂WO₆ NS, indicating the achievement of suppressed recombination of charge carriers in the composites. Hence, Cr (VI) removal rate was significantly improved with the Bi₂WO₄ NS/ CuFe₂O₄ NF composite formation, where each of them shows higher activity than both Bi₂WO₆ NS and CuFe₂O₄ NF. The highest removal rates of 90.35% and 96.04% were achieved with the sample Bi₂WO₄ NS/2% CuFe₂O₄ NF, after 60 and 120 min of visible light irradiations respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3272689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZnO UV sensor photoresponse enhancement by coating method optimization","authors":"Mindaugas Ilickas ,&nbsp;Mantas Marčinskas ,&nbsp;Domantas Peckus ,&nbsp;Rasa Mardosaitė ,&nbsp;Brigita Abakevičienė ,&nbsp;Tomas Tamulevičius ,&nbsp;Simas Račkauskas","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern high-performance photodetector research is driven by the need to simultaneously improve multiple parameters, but also fit the decreasing size of electronics and maintain low production price.  Here, we demonstrated how our synthesized ZnO tetrapod (ZnO-T) nanostructure was deposited on electrodes with variating gap by four coating methods including drop casting, microdrop casting, spray coating and slot-die coating with the same thickness. Optimizing the inter-electrode gap and coating method the record <em>I_UV/I_Dark</em> ratio per unit area value of 8.73 × 10⁶ was obtained. The fastest rise time 0.78 s and fastest decay time 0.94 s were obtained by slot-die coated sensors. High photoresponse of ZnO-Ts, the inter-electrode gap size influences formation of ZnO-T microstructure during coating process and morphology influence on photoresponse was explained. We demonstrate that even with the same optimized ZnO-T nanostructures photoresponse can be improved by 2 orders of magnitude. Our work shows the importance of coating morphology and inter-electrode gap optimization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3272690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of opsins and light or heat activated transient receptor potential ion channels in the mechanisms of photobiomodulation and infrared therapy","authors":"Sulbha K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Sakshi Sardana ,&nbsp;Michael R. Hamblin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photobiomodulation (otherwise known as low level light therapy) is an emerging approach for treating many diseases and conditions such as pain, inflammation, wound healing, brain disorders, hair regrowth etc. The light used in this therapy generally lies in the red and near-infrared spectral regions. Despite many positive studies for treating different conditions, this therapy still faces some skepticism, which has prevented its widespread adoption in clinics. The main reasons behind this skepticism are the lack of comprehensive information about the molecular, cellular, and tissular mechanisms of action, which underpin the positive effects of photobiomodulation. Moreover, there is also another therapeutic application using longer wavelength infrared radiation, involving either infrared saunas or heat lamps which are powered by electricity, as well as infrared emitting textiles and garments which are solely powered by the wearer's own body heat. In recent years, much knowledge has been gained about the mechanism of action underlying these treatments, which will be summarized in this review. There are three broad classes of primary chromophores, which have so far been identified. One is mitochondrial cytochromes (including cytochrome c oxidase), another is opsins and light or heat-sensitive calcium ion channels, and a third is nanostructured water clusters. Light sensitive ion channels are activated by the absorption of light by the chromophore proteins, opsin-3 and opsin-4, while mitochondrial chromophores are activated by red or near-infra red (NIR) light up to about 850 nm. However NIR light at 980 nm or longer wavelengths can activate transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, probably after being absorbed by nanostructured water clusters. Heat-activated TRP channels undergo a conformational change triggered by only small temperature changes. Here we will discuss the role of opsins and light or heat activated TRP channels in the mechanism of photobiomodulation and infrared therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3459385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}